Biology chapter 9 Flashcards
Photosynthesis formula in symbols
6CO2+6H2O (LIGHT) C6H12O6+6O2
Compound used by cells to store and release energy
ATP
Process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
Photosynthesis
Light-absorbing molecules used by plants to gather the sun’s energy
Pigment
Principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms
Chlorophyll
Saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts
Thylakoid
Fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
Stroma
Carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules
NADP+ (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)
Set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
Light - Dependent reaction
Cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids
Photosystem
Set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle
Light - Independent reaction
Series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
Electron transport chain
Cluster of proteins that span the thylakoid membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it
ATP synthase
The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar
Calvin cycle
Vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant
Xylem
Vascular tissue that transports solutions of nutrients and carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis through the plant
Phloem
Name the two parts of chloroplasts
Thylakoids and Stroma
