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Science > Chapter 2 test cards > Flashcards

Chapter 2 test cards Flashcards

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1
Q

List the three states of matter

A

Solid, Liquid, Gas

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2
Q

What state of matter has no definite shape but a definite volume?

A

Liquid

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3
Q

What state of matter has no definite volume or shape?

A

Gas

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4
Q

What state of matter has a definite shape and volume?

A

Solid

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5
Q

List the three measurements that are helpful to know when working with a gas

A

Volume, temperature, pressure

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6
Q

Which law is always at a constant temperature?

A

Boyle’s law

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7
Q

Which law is always at a constant pressure?

A

Charles’s law

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8
Q

If the pressure of a substance that is kept at a constant temperature increases, what happens to the volume?

A

Decreases

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9
Q

If the temperature of a substance that is kept at a constant pressure increases, what happens to the volume?

A

Decreases

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10
Q

What is the change in a state from a solid to a liquid?

A

Melting

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11
Q

What is the change in a state from a liquid to a solid?

A

Freezing

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12
Q

What is the change in a state from a liquid to a gas?

A

Vaporization

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13
Q

What is a change in a state from a solid to a gas?

A

Sublimation

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14
Q

What is a change in state from a gas to a liquid?

A

Condensation

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15
Q

List the three things that each axis of a graph is labeled with.

A

Name of the variable, the unit of measurement, and the range of values.

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16
Q

A solid that is made up of crystals in particles that are arranged in a regular repeating pattern

A

Crystalline solid

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17
Q

A solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern

A

Amorphous solid

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17
Q

A liquid resistance to flow

A

Viscosity

17
Q

A substance that can easily flow

A

Fluid

17
Q

The result of an inward pull among the molecules of a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together.

A

Surface tension

18
Q

The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid

A

Melting point

18
Q

The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas

A

Boiling point

18
Q

The process that occurs when vaporization takes place only on the surface of a liquid.

A

Evaporation

19
Q

The force exerted on a surface divided by the total area over which the force is exerted

A

Pressure

20
Q

A principle that describes the relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas at a constant pressure

A

Charles’s law

21
Q

A principle that describes the relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas at a constant temperature

A

Boyle’s law

22
Q

A diagram that shows how two variables are related

A

Graph

23
Q

The (0,0) point on a line graph

A

Origin

24
Q

A term used to describe the relationship between two variables whose graph is a straight line passing through the origin

A

Directly proportional

25
Q

A term used to describe the relationship between two variables whose graph forms a curve that slopes downward.

A

Vary inversely

26
Q

Give three examples of crystalline solid

A

Salt, sugar, and snow

27
Q

What property explains why water forms droplets and supports the weigh of certain insects on its surface?

A

Surface tension

28
Q

Liquids with high viscosity flow at what speed?

A

Slowly

29
Q

Liquids with low viscosity flow at what speed?

A

Quickly

30
Q

Do gas particles fill all available space?

A

Yes

31
Q

What happens at a solid’s melting point?

A

The particles are vibrating so fast that they break free from their fixed positions.

32
Q

When vaporization takes place throughout a liquid, what process is happening?

A

Boiling

33
Q

Name the two main forms of vaporization.

A

Boiling and evaporation

34
Q

When does condensation occur?

A

When particles in a gas lose enough thermal energy to form a liquid.

35
Q

When does sublimation occur?

A

When the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy to become a gas.

36
Q

What is the formula for pressure?

A

Force/Area

37
Q

What is the unit for pressure?

A

Pa

38
Q

The graph of Charles’s law shows that the volume of a gas is what to its kelvin temperature?

A

Directly proportional

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