Chapter 14 test cards Flashcards
What is combustion?
The burning of fuel
What energy transformation takes place in heat engines?
Thermal energy to mechanical energy
Where is fuel burned in an external combustion engine?
Outside the engine
What is the most common type of external combustion engine?
Steam engine
What is a refrigerator?
A device that transfers thermal energy from inside the refrigerator to outside the room
True or false?
Air conditioners cool air in the same way that a refrigerator cools food.
True
List the three types of temperature scales and give the ranges of temperature
Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin.
Fahrenheit: 32-212 degrees
Celsius: 0-100 degrees
Kelvin: 273-373 kelvins
List the 3 types of heat transfers
Radiation, conduction, convection
Give an example of each heat transfers
Radiation: Melting ice cream
Conduction: burning your hand
Convection: Pot of soup
True or false?
Liquids have a definite shape and volume
False
What is the change from solid to liquid called?
Melting
What is the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid called?
Melting point
When vaporization occurs below the surface of a liquid what is it called?
Boiling
When vaporization occurs at the surface of a liquid what is is called?
Evaporation
When gas loses enough thermal energy what happens?
It changes into a liquid
What is the change from a gas to a liquid called?
Condensation
True or false?
As the thermal energy of matter increases, its particles spread out and the substance expands.
True
What is convection?
The transfer of heat within a fluid.
How is does convection take place?
Through the movement of currents
How does radiation take place?
Through electromagnetic waves
What direction does heat move?
Warmer to cooler
What is an insulator?
A material that does not conduct heat well
Conductor or insulator?
Wood
Insulator
Conductor or insulator?
Stainless steel
Conductor
Conductor or insulator?
Straw
Insulator
Conductor or insulator?
Cork
Insulator
Conductor or insulator?
Silver
Conductor
Conductor or insulator?
Wool
Insulator
Conductor or insulator?
Paper
Insulator
Conductor or insulator?
Graphite
Condutor
Conductor or insulator?
Aluminum
Conductor
Conductor or insulator?
Gases
Insulator
What is temperature?
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object
What is the most common temperature scale used in the United States?
Fahrenheit
What is the most common temperature scale used throughout the world?
Celsius
What is heat?
Thermal energy moving from a warmer object to a cooler object.
What is the lowest temperature possible?
-273 degrees Celsius
What is the lowest temperature possible called?
Absolute zero
What is amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by one kelvin is called what?
Specific heat
