Chapter 15 test cards

Question 1

What is a wave?

Answer 1

A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place

Question 2

What waves require a medium to travel through?

Answer 2

Mechanical waves

Question 3

Which waves move the medium in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the waves are traveling?

Answer 3

Transverse waves

Question 4

What is the highest part on a transverse wave called?

Answer 4

Crests

Question 5

What is the lowest part of a transverse wave called?

Answer 5

Troughs

Question 6

Which waves move the particles of the medium parallel to the direction in which the waves are traveling?

Answer 6

Longitudinal waves

Question 7

True or False
Longitudinal waves look like a spring.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

In a longitudinal wave, the parts where the coils are close together are called what?

Answer 8

Compressions

Question 9

The parts of longitudinal waves where the coils are spread out are called what?

Answer 9

Rarefactions

Question 10

What are the basic properties of waves?

Answer 10

Amplitude, wavelength, frequency and speed

Question 11

What is amplitude?

Answer 11

The maximum distance the particles of the medium carrying the wave move away from their rest positions.

Question 12

How can you find amplitude?

Answer 12

By measuring the distance from the rest positions to ta crest or trough

Question 13

The distance between two troughs or two crests of a transverse wave is called what?

Answer 13

The wavelength

Question 14

What’s the formula for speed?

Answer 14

Speed = Wavelength x Frequency

Question 15

What’s the formula for frequency?

Answer 15

Frequency = Speed / Wavelength

Question 16

What’s the formula for wavelength?

Answer 16

Wavelength = Speed / Frequency

Question 17

True or False
When an object or wave hits a surface through which it cannot pass, it travels around it.

Answer 17

False (it bounces back)

Question 18

What is it called when a wave hits a surface through which it cannot pass and the wave bounces back?

Answer 18

Reflection

Question 19

What is an example of an echo?

Answer 19

The reflection of a wave

Question 20

State the Law of Reflection

Answer 20

The law of reflection - The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection

Question 21

What is the bending of wave called?

Answer 21

Diffraction

Question 22

True or False
When a wave moves around a barrier or through an opening in a barrier, it bends and spreads out.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is it called when two waves meet?

Answer 23

Interference

Question 24

What is a constructive interference?

Answer 24

When two waves combine to make a wave with a larger amplitude

Question 25

What is a destructive interference?

Answer 25

When the amplitudes of two waves combine

Question 26

True or false
In a standing wave, destructive interference produces points with an amplitude of 9

Answer 26

False

Question 27

What are points with an amplitude of 0 called?

Answer 27

Nodes

Question 28

Waves produced by earthquakes are called what?

Answer 28

Seismic waves

Question 29

What are the 3 kinds of seismic waves?

Answer 29

P waves, S waves, and surface waves

Question 30

What is a surface wave?

Answer 30

A combination of a longitudinal wave and transverse wave that travels along the surface of a medium

Question 31

Which wave arrivals at seismographs first?

Answer 31

P waves

Question 32

What are P waves?

Answer 32

Longitudinal seismic waves that can travel through earth

Question 33

What are S waves?

Answer 33

Transverse seismic waves that cannot travel through liquids

Question 34

How can scientists tell how far away an earthquake was?

Answer 34

By measuring the time between the arrival of P waves and the arrival of S waves