Biology chapter 11

Question 1

Threadlike structure within the nucleus that contains genetic information that is passed on from one generation to the next

Answer 1

Chromosome

Question 2

Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones

Answer 2

Chromatin

Question 3

Period of the cell cycle between cell divisions in which the cell grows

Answer 3

Interphase

Question 4

Series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells

Answer 4

Cell Cycle

Question 5

Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides

Answer 5

Mitosis

Question 6

Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells

Answer 6

Cytokinesis

Question 7

First and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible

Answer 7

Prophase

Question 8

One of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome

Answer 8

Chromatid

Question 9

Region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach

Answer 9

Centromere

Question 10

Structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division

Answer 10

Centriole

Question 11

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Answer 11

Metaphase

Question 12

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell

Answer 12

Anaphase

Question 13

Phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin

Answer 13

Telophase

Question 14

Process in which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

Answer 14

Cell Division

Question 15

Process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

Answer 15

Asexual Reproduction

Question 16

Type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism

Answer 16

Sexual Reproduction

Question 17

One of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells

Answer 17

Growth Factor

Question 18

One of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells

Answer 18

Cyclin

Question 19

The process of programmed cell death

Answer 19

Apoptosis

Question 20

Disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to control growth

Answer 20

Cancer

Question 21

Mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue

Answer 21

Tumor

Question 22

List the steps of the prokaryotic cell cycle

Answer 22

Cell membrane and DNA, DNA duplicates, Cell membrane indents, Cell divides to form two new cells

Question 23

List the steps of the eukaryotic cell cycle

Answer 23

M phase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis