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PET Study Guide > chapter 3: radiation principles and basic radiation detection devices > Flashcards

chapter 3: radiation principles and basic radiation detection devices Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: the disintegration of proton-rich nuclides can be described as intermittent

A

false. it can be described as spontaneous

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2
Q

beta particles are electrons that include

deuterons and positrons
negatrons and positrons
negatrons only
positrons only

A

negatrons and positrons

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3
Q

a beta-plus particle has what kind of charge?

negative
positive
neutral

A

positive

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4
Q

T/F: proton-rich nuclei decay by 1 of 2 mechanisms; electron capture or positron decay

A

true

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5
Q

which radionuclide has the highest max MeV?

f18
c11
n13
o15
rb82

A

rb82

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6
Q

which radionuclide has the lowest max MeV?

f18
c11
n13
o15
rb82

A

f18

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7
Q

which radionuclide has the highest max particle range, resulting in the poorest image quality?

f18
c11
n13
o15
rb82

A

rb82

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8
Q

which radionuclide has the lowest max particle range?

f18
c11
n13
o15
rb82

A

f18

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9
Q

1 curie is equal to

1 dps
3x10^10 dps
3.7x10^10 dps
3.3x10^10 dps

A

3.7x10^10 dps

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10
Q

1 becquerel is equal to

1 dps
10 dps
100 dps
1,000 dps

A

1 dps

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11
Q

T/F: 511 keV photons are termed annihilation photos, but may still be termed gamma rays

A

false. they should not be termed gamma rays

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12
Q

noncolinearity results in image blurring of about

1 mm
2 mm
3 mm
4 mm
5 mm

A

2 mm

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13
Q

the dose calibrator gas is most commonly

argon
nitrogen
carbon
helium

A

argon

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14
Q

which scintillation crystal has the highest light output when compared to NaI(Tl)?

BGO
LSO (tof)
GSO
LYSO (tof)

A

LYSO (tof)

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15
Q

which scintillation crystal has the lowest light output when compared to NaI(Tl)?

BGO
LSO (tof)
GSO
LYSO (tof)

A

BGO

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16
Q

which scintillation crystal has the fastest decay time when compared to NaI(Tl)?

BGO
LSO (tof)
GSO
LYSO (tof)

17
Q

which scintillation crystal has the slowest decay time when compared to NaI(Tl)?

BGO
LSO (tof)
GSO
LYSO (tof)

18
Q

which scintillation crystal has the highest stopping power when compared to NaI(Tl)?

BGO
LSO (tof)
GSO
LYSO (tof)

19
Q

which scintillation crystal has the lowest stopping power when compared to NaI(Tl)?

BGO
LSO (tof)
GSO
LYSO (tof)

A

LYSO (tof)

20
Q

the mean energy of an atom is approximately…of the max energy

one eighth
one third
one quarter
one half

21
Q

what is the order of max range of the most commonly used radionuclides used in pet, lowest range (best image quality) to highest range (poorest image quality)?

A

f18, c11, n13, o15, rb82

22
Q

equation for decay rate

A

-dN/dt = ^N

23
Q

dN/dt represents…

A

change in the number of atoms (N) in time (dt)

24
Q

N represents…

A

number of atoms

25
Q

^ represents…

A

decay constant, which is probability of radioactive decay per unit time

26
Q

in the annihilation process, a positron is emitted from an atom at high velocity, loses energy as it collides with other atoms, then attracts a free electron and briefly forms a

neutrino
negatron
positronium
beta particle
alpha particle

A

positronium

27
Q

once annihilation has occurred, the mass of the particles

is absorbed into nearby atoms
is absorbed into the patient
is completely converted into energy
is preserved

A

is completely converted into energy

28
Q

all of the following are gas-filled detectors except

GM detector
well counter
dose calibrator
ionization chamber

A

well counter

29
Q

which of the following is considered the most sensitive gas-filled detector?

ionization chamber
dose calibrator
GM detector
well counter

A

GM detector

30
Q

the gas in the dose calibrator is most commonly

neon
helium
fluorine
argon

31
Q

which detector utilizes the gamma constant?

ionization chamber
GM detector
dose calibrator
B and C

A

dose calibrator

32
Q

which source is most accurate for use with the dose calibrator?

Co57
Cs137
Ba133
Ge68

33
Q

which scintillator has the shortest decay time?

LSO
LYSO
GSO
BGO

34
Q

which scintillator has the highest light output?

BGO
GSO
LSO
LYSO

35
Q

which scintillator has the lowest effective Z number?

BGO
GSO
LSO
LYSO

36
Q

the scintillation crystal in solid-state detectors is often covered by what material?

lead
aluminum
bismuth
Na(I)

37
Q

photons produced from the scintillation crystal which are then detected by the PMT undergo

a characteristic interaction
compton scattering
photoelectric effect
bremmstrahlung

A

photoelectric effect

38
Q

the crystal is optically connected to the PMT with

aluminum oxide powder
aluminum oxide gel
optical coupling gel
optical coupling powder

A

optical coupling gel

39
Q

all of the following are methods to reduce the number of randoms except

narrowing the coincidence timing window

estimating the random fraction during image recon

random fraction subtraction during image recon

applying a higher calibration factor to all detectors

A

applying a higher calibration factor to all detectors

PET Study Guide (19 decks)

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