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Soc 111 > Chapter 3: Putting ideas into Practice: Methods, Methodologies, and Ethics > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Putting ideas into Practice: Methods, Methodologies, and Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

sociologists research toolkit can include _________ for doing research or __________

A

hard/tangible skills

soft/intangible skills

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2
Q

is diverse in its methods of collecting, organizing, and making sense of info

A

sociology

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3
Q

systematic techniques for collecting and making sense of info about the social world

A

methods

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4
Q

are broader lenses and research strategies that provide rationale for how data collection and analysis should be done

A

methodologies

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5
Q

involves theoretical justification for which methods might be appropriate for a given research

A

methodologies

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6
Q

clear and focused questions that a research project intends to answer

A

research questions

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7
Q

research questions can only be answered by collecting and interpreting

A

empirical evidence

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8
Q

tensions or oppositions between 2 differing views or approaches

A

dialects

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9
Q

sociology has ______, that represent diverging ways of doing research

A

dialects

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10
Q

sole aim is to generate new knowledge and often plays role in creating and testing theory

A

pure research

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11
Q

is not done with a practical application in mind, but results can be applied later

A

pure research

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12
Q

intended to address social issues or problems

A

applied research

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13
Q

if similarity between the description of ______ and the discussion of ________, you are on to something

A

applied research

policy sociology

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14
Q

moving from observation to theory

A

inductive research

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15
Q

takes an inductive approach by building theories thru the collection and analysis of data

A

ground theory

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16
Q

moving from theory to observation

A

deductive research

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17
Q

when in-depth info is collected from each unit in the sample, ____ can happen from a small number of units

A

saturation

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18
Q

the point where increasing sample size doesn’t yield any new info (in qualitative research)

A

saturation

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19
Q

intuition, memory, faith, reason, common sense, and our culture/social norms are examples of

A

ways of knowing

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20
Q

starts with a hypothesis, then experiement

A

scientific method

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21
Q

must be falsifiable

A

hypothesis

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22
Q

sociological methods allow us to find ______ that contribute to patterns, but rarely enable us to find ______

A

influences

causes

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23
Q

if little is known about a topic, the research is

A

exploratory

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24
Q

often inductive, pure research

A

exploratory research

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25
Q

involves looking with am open mind at data to see what’s there and if any patterns can be found

A

exploratory research

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26
Q

when research is aimed to offer detail about an aspect of social life, but NOT a cause

A

descriptive research

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27
Q

focuses on offering detailed and precise depictions of data

A

descriptive research

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28
Q

research that looks at causes

A

explanatory research

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29
Q

we make research precise by specifying ______ and then _______ them

A

variables

operationalizing

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30
Q

process of defining a variable so that it is measurable

A

operationalization

31
Q

since social life is complex, sociologists tend to develop simplified

A

concepts

32
Q

a set of theories, methods, concepts, and ways of thinking that are founded on indigenous ways of knowing

A

Indigenous knowledge (IK) paradigms

33
Q

IK states that empirical facts or objects are not as important as

A

ppls relationships with them

34
Q

western approaches cant be simply combined with IK, they have to seek

A

intersections

35
Q

both call for a commitment to social justice

A

IK and critical sociology

36
Q

IK stresses that researchers don’t own _______ and that it has a ______

A

knowledge

spirit

37
Q

focuses on local knowledge, story, and emotional and spiritual dimensions of social experience

A

Indigenous approaches

38
Q

research can be thought as

A

ceremony

39
Q

within IK paradigms, not only are the spiritual dimensions of social experience valid part of research, but research itself is

A

ceremony

40
Q

welcoming IK in sociological research offers chance for

A

reconciliation and decolonization

41
Q

qualitative research can be (3)

A

exploratory
descriptive
explanatory

42
Q

qualitative research always seeks to understand social phenomenon in

A

depth (thick description)

43
Q

an approach to qualitative research that situates social behaviour within a detailed explanation of its social context

A

thick description

44
Q

approach where the researcher strives to understand social life from the standpoint of the research subject

A

Verstehen

45
Q

ability to put oneself in shoes of others to promote empathy

A

Verstehen

46
Q

might involve studying pre-existing artifacts (social media posts, magazines, etc)

A

Qualitative research

47
Q

4 common qualitative methods

A
  1. interviews
  2. focus groups
  3. ethnography and participant observation
  4. content analysis
48
Q

method of studying social life by analyzing existing textual or visual material

A

content analysis

49
Q

researcher’s job is to facilitate the sharing and interpretation of data in story form to acknowledge it as worthy data

A

story catcher

50
Q

valuing the emotional and spiritual aspects of stories and letting participants tell their own stoires

A

story catcher

51
Q

indigenous method of collecting qualitative data including the relatively unstructured exploration of ideas in small groups

A

talking circle

52
Q

qualitative data collecting method that involves sharing stories to explore ideas

A

talking circle

53
Q

involved disrespectful relationships that don’t acknowledge their ownership of their knowledge

A

break-and-enter methods

54
Q

there has been mistrust between indigenous ppl and researchers because of a

A

top-down approach

55
Q

in most African cultures, the foremost type of education was

A

informal

56
Q

where children learn from their parents and elders in the community

A

informal education

57
Q

informal learning is mainly by (2)

A

observation

oral narratives

58
Q

it gathers info within a local context and standardizes it

A

quantitative research

59
Q

enable a broad look at social relations on a more macro scale

A

quantitative research

60
Q

quantitative research tends strongly towards __________, guided by hypotheses

A

deductive approaches

61
Q

4 quantitative methods include

A
  1. controlled experiments
  2. surveys
  3. analysis of existing research
  4. content analysis (coding?)
62
Q

studies with more than 1 type of data analysis method, or studies with data from more than 1 source

A

mixed methods

63
Q

often strengthens research by offering a fuller picture of a social issue

A

mixed method approach

64
Q

combining quantitative survey data and qualitative interview data is an example of

A

mixed methods approach

65
Q

technique where researchers can gain great confidence in accuracy of results by using different methods to answer research questions

A

triangulation

66
Q

these 2 things are a key aspect of research ethics

A

informed consent

voluntary participation

67
Q

a set of standards for research with First Nations

A

OCAP

68
Q

what does OCAP stand for

A

Ownership
Control
Access
Possession

69
Q

Who is the Father of Functionalism

A

Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown

70
Q

Alfred Reginald R-B’s theory had its classic formulation and application in the

A

Social Organization of Australian Tribes

71
Q

involves collaboration between participants and researchers across all stages of the research process

A

Participatory action research (PAR)

72
Q

PAR can be done with both

A

qualitative and quantitative methods

73
Q

can cost more time and money, but often pay off in improved community empowerment and well-being

A

Participant action research (PAR)

Soc 111 (10 decks)

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