Chapter 12: Precarity

Question 1

technological innovations like ______, _______, and _______ are prompting us to redefine the way we think about our jobs and careers

Answer 1

artificial intelligence
automation
remote work

Question 2

there is a significant growth in these types of work that labour laws and unions don’t cover (2)

Answer 2

part-time work

temporary work

Question 3

is not just economic, but a public issue that permeates all aspects of our lives

Answer 3

precarity

Question 4

precarious employment has created many challenges at the _______ level

Answer 4

mircro

Question 5

has created challenges for having a family life, community life, pursuing romance, forming families

Answer 5

precarious employment

Question 6

widened wage disparities, weakened labour rights, and eroded work conditions at this level

Answer 6

macro level

Question 7

combining micro and macro, these effects represent a

Answer 7

precarity penalty

Question 8

full-time, permanent job, that is done on the employer’s premises, with workplace protection and work benefits

Answer 8

standard employment relationship (SER)

Question 9

has been the model upon which labour laws, union practices, and legislation have been based

Answer 9

standard employment relationship (SER)

Question 10

was designed to provide a wage sufficient for a man to provide for his wife and children

Answer 10

standard employment relationship (SER)

Question 11

describe the process of employing people either on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis for an undefined task or specified job without issuing a permanent contract

Answer 11

workplace casualization

Question 12

workers whose jobs are temporary or casual

Answer 12

precarity

Question 13

work that is uncertain, low-paying, impermanent, and limited in entitlements and social benefits

Answer 13

precarious employment

Question 14

work that is less than 30 hours per week

Answer 14

involuntary part-time work

Question 15

these workers could not find or believe that they would not be able to find appropriate full-time work in the current economic climate

Answer 15

involuntary part-time work

Question 16

involuntary part-time work increases with the

Answer 16

unemployment rate

Question 17

ppl are forced into part-time work during bad

Answer 17

economic times

Question 18

companies chose to employ temporary laborers bcuz it is _______ than employing full-time

Answer 18

cheaper

Question 19

fields with a lot of part time workers also tend to be

Answer 19

low paying

Question 20

does not provide workers with sufficient rights and protections at work

Answer 20

precarious employment

Question 21

is evident in the fields of agriculture, financial, insurance, real-estate, and health care

Answer 21

decrease in part time work

Question 22

the __________ of work is becoming a bigger issue in sectors that exhibit more precarious features

Answer 22

non-standardization

Question 23

are disproportionally affected by nonstandard work arrangements

Answer 23

women

Question 24

refers to a process where income concentrates into 2 separate poles (one rich, one poor)

Answer 24

income polarization

Question 25

feminist scholars argue that women are overrepresented in precarious work because of the

Answer 25

second shift

Question 26

argues that the standard employment relationship prioritizes the men as the primary breadwinner

Answer 26

patriarchal model of employment

Question 27

are more likely than any other group to be in non standardized work arrangements

Answer 27

women

Question 28

is increasing even in high scale jobs, high wage jobs, including higher education

Answer 28

precarious employment

Question 29

refers to accumulated setbacks from continued engagement in non standardized work

Answer 29

precarity penalty

Question 30

precarity penalty is reflected in _________ among the precariously employed at both individual and household level

Answer 30

lower income earnings

Question 31

caused frequent periods of unemployment, irregular work schedules, unpredictable earnings, and increased short-term employment uncertainty

Answer 31

precarity penalty

Question 32

impacts the mobility and also capability to make important life decisions

Answer 32

long-term precarity penalties

Question 33

process where workers gradually lose skills while doing the job

Answer 33

deskilling

Question 34

are six times more likely to delay forming relationships

Answer 34

precarious workers

Question 35

precarious workers experience ______ due to hindering participation in social activities that lead to friendships

Answer 35

social isolation

Question 36

the sense of social isolation is more prevalent among

Answer 36

racialized workers

Question 37

3 new policy initiatives needed in federal labour standards

Answer 37

- work schedules - time off between shifts - equal wages

Question 38

decline of __________ in unionization means decrease in workers ability to speak out individually or as a group

Answer 38

job security

Question 39

the concerns for _______ was identified as the key obstacle for non-unionized workers in voicing their work grievances

Answer 39

reprisals (namely job loss)

Question 40

began with fast food workers demanding $15 an hour in NYC and has grown into a global movement

Answer 40

Fight for Fifteen

Question 41

The fight for fifteen seeks to improve working conditions and give more control back to workers by demanding (6)

Answer 41

- equal pa, benefits, conditions - decent hours - paid leave - protections for migrant workers - end workplace bullying - the right to unionize