Chapter 3- Exam 1 Flashcards
Technical training
conveys what is already known and applies the knowledge
- ex: doctors
Scientific training
teaching and questioning what is already known, learning to explore the unknown, and researching
Reliability
tendency of a measurement instrument to get the same result from multiple testings
Measurement Error
also called error variance, the cumulative effect of extraneous influence
State v Trait
state is temporary, trait is typical or average
Aggregation
Traits are only one influence on behavior
Validity
A degree to which a measurement actually reflects what one thinks or hopes it does
Construct
A complex psychological concept
Generalizability
The degree to which a measurement or result of an experiment applies to other tests, situations or people
Case Study Method
- closely studying a particular event or person of interest in order to find out as much as possible
- often uses introspection or an examination of one’s own conscious thoughts or feelings
- can yield explanation of particular events, general lessons, and scientific principles
Experimental Method
- establishes the causal relationship between an independent and dependent variable by randomly assigning participants to experimental groups characterized by differing levels of the independent variable and measuring the average behavior of the dependent variable in each group
Correlational methof
- establishes the relationship between two variables by measuring both variables in a sample of participants
- scatter plot
Effect size
an index of the strength of the relationship between variables
Correlational coefficient
measures the strength and direction of the relationship, can be used for correlational and experimental studies
- pearson’s r
Statistical significance
- a result that would only occur by chance, less than 5% of the time
- p level
