Chapter 2- Exam 1 Flashcards
What is Funder’s Second Law?
There are no perfect indicators of personality
What is Funder’s Third Law?
Something beats nothing
What is One Big Theory?
It is difficult to do everything well
S data
- Self judgement or self reports
- A person’s evaluation of his own personality
- usually questionnaire
- most frequently used
Advantages of S data?
- large amount of info, easy cheap
- thoughts, feelings, intentions
Disadvantages of S data?
- Dont tell the truth
- Cant tell you; forgot or fish and water effect
- too simple, too easy
I data
- informant report
- judgements by knowledge informants about general attributes of the individuals personality
Advantages of I data?
- based on large info
- based on common sense about what behaviors mean and based on behaviors in the real world
- reputation afftects opportunities
Disadvantages of I data?
- limited behavioral info
- Error: more likely to remember extreme, unusual behaviors
- bias
L data
- life outcomes
- verifiable, concrete, real life outcomes that may hold psychological significance
- obtained from archival records or self report
Advantages of L data?
- most objective and verifiable of all data
Disadvantages of L data?
- May be difficult to access
- May violate privacy
Expectancy effect
When the desired response is subtly communicated
B data
- behavioral data
- information that is carefully and systematically recorded from direct observation
- the most visible indication of personality
- natural v laboratory
Personality testing
- type of B data
- used to see how a person responds (MMPI, TAT, inkblot)
- physiological measures show biological behavior
Advantages of B data?
- range of context
- less distortion
- high reliability
Disadvantages of B data?
- subjective judgement must still be made
What is Funder’s fourth law?
there are only two kinds of data: terrible and no data
Definitional truth
true by a definition
Causal force
Person’s determination to be a certain way because they think they are that way
Strengths and weaknesses of BLIS data
- data does not always fit into one category
- there is a wide range
