chapter 10- exam 2 Flashcards
1
Q
psychic determinism
A
- everything that happens in a persons mind, including everything a person thinks and does, has a specific cause
- free will and random accidents do not exist
2
Q
internal structure
A
the mind is made of separate parts that function independently and can conflict with each other
3
Q
psychic conflict
A
one part of the mind being at cross-purpose with another part of the mind
4
Q
psychic or mental energy
A
- assumption that the psychological part of the mind needs energy
- modern thought: information-processing capacity is limited ( we slow down when doing too much mental activity at once)
5
Q
Id
A
irrational and emotional
6
Q
ego
A
rational
7
Q
superego
A
moral
8
Q
compromise formation
A
- finding a compromise among the different structures of the mind and the different things the individual wants
- egos main job
- middle ground is whats realistic
9
Q
freud’s psychosexual stages
A
- psychosexual development
- physical focus: where energy is concentrated and gratification is obtained
- psychological theme: related to the physical focus and the demands from the outside world
- adult character type: associated with being fixated, or not resolving the psychological issues in a stage
- fixation and regression
10
Q
oral stage
A
- timing: birth to 18 months
- physical focus: mouth, lips, tongue
- only Id exists
- two ways things can go wrong: needs are not fulfilled or needs are fulfilled instantly and automatically
- adult character: too independent (refuses all help) and passive (spends time thinking about what they want and not how to get it)
11
Q
anal stage
A
- timing: about 18 months to 3 years
- physical focus: anus and organs of elimination
- psychological theme: self control and obediences
- development of the ego
- two ways things can go wrong: too demanding and not demanding enough
- adult character
- overcontrolled
- undercontrolled
12
Q
phallic stage
A
- timing: 3 to 7 years
- physical focus: sexual organs
- basic task: coming to terms with sex differences and their implications
- psychological themes
- gender identity and sexuality; figure out what it meas to be a boy or girl; develop a self image as masculine or feminine
- identification: taking on many of the same sex parents attitudes, values, and ways of relating to the opposite sex
- development of morality conscience, and superego
- adult character: rigid moral code (asexual), lack of moral code (promiscuous), sexual deviation (homosexuality)
13
Q
latency stage
A
- timing: 7 to puberty
- a break from development
- libido interest are suppressed
- concentrate on learning the tasks of childhood
- ego and superego contribute to this calm period
14
Q
genital stage
A
- timing: puberty and on
- physical focus: genitals, sexuality in the context of a mature relationship
- focus on creation and enhancement of life
- psychological theme: maturity
- achievement: well-adjusted and balanced
15
Q
secondary process thinking
A
- conscious thought
- rational and practical
- able to delay or redirect gratification
- how the conscious part of the ego thinks
- develops second; less important role
16
Q
primary process thinking
A
- the way the unconscious mind operates
- does not contain the idea of no
- goal is immediate gratification
- rarely conscious
- seen in very young children, during delirium and dreams, and sometimes when psychotic
- can leak out
- slips of the tonuge
- accidents
- memory lapses
17
Q
free association
A
- sigmund freud
- patient says whatever came to mind; to get people to talk about difficult topics
- the talking cure
18
Q
talking cure
A
makes thoughts and fears explicit so the conscious, rational mind can deal with them
19
Q
unconscious (mind)
A
- areas and processes of the mind of which a person is not aware
- psychoanalysis emphasizes the unconscious
- supported by modern research
- contradictions of thoughts and behavior can be resolved usually by looking at the unconscious part of the mind
20
Q
psychoanalytic therapy
A
- unconscious conflicts theorized as the reason people are anxious and unhappy
- use clues to reveal he contents of the unconscious
- based on free association, slips of the tongue, and dreams
- resolve problems by bringing unconscious conflicts to the surface so ego can deal with them
- takes time and can be painful
- may increase anxiety in the beginning
- patients must be comforted and guided through this process via therapeutic alliance
21
Q
transference
A
the tendency to bring ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving that developed in response to one important relationship into a relationship with a different person
22
Q
controversy for key ideas of psychoanalysis
A
- moral: many do not like emphasis on sex and sexual energy
- scientific: beliefs that theory is unscientific
- personal level: people do not want to be told why they really did something, especially when you are correct
