Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ACSM CPT 6th Edition Study > Chapter 3: Anatomy and Kinesiology > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Anatomy and Kinesiology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

Anterior

A

The front of the body; ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Posterior

A

The back of the body; dorsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Superficial

A

Located close to or on the body surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Deep

A

Below the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to any reference point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Distal

A

Farther from any reference point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head; higher (cephalic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head; lower (caudal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body; to the side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Unilateral

A

One side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Supine

A

Lying face up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Valgus

A

Distal segment of a joint deviates laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Varus

A

Distal segment of a joint deviates medially

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Arm

A

The region from the shoulder to elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Forearm

A

The region from the elbow to the wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Thigh

A

The region from the hip to the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Leg

A

The region from the knee to the ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Divides the body into right and left sides.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Coronal Plane

A

The same as frontal plane. Divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior positions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Horizontal Plane

A

Another name for the transverse plane. Divides the body into superior and inferior positions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Cross-sectional Plane

A

Another name for the transverse plane. Divides the body into superior and inferior positions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Axial Plane

A

Another name for the transverse plane. Divides the body into superior and inferior positions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Kinesiology

A

The study of the mechanics of human movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The three fields of science that kinesiology is based on

A

Biomechanics, Musculoskeletal Anatomy, and Neuromuscular Physiology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Center of Gravity

A

The theoretical point to which the weight force of an object acts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Kinematics

A

Variation in height and horizontal distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Ventral

A

The front of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Dorsal

A

The back of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Flexion

A

Movement resulting in a decrease of the joint angle, usually moving anteriorly in the sagittal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Extension

A

Movement resulting in an increase of the joint angle, usually moving posteriorly in the sagittal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline of the body, usually in the frontal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the midline of the body, usually in the frontal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Horizontal abduction

A

Movement away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane, usually used to describe horizontal humerus movement when the shoulder is flexed at 90 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Horizontal adduction

A

Movement toward the midline of the body in the transverse plane, usually used to describe horizontal humerus movement when the shoulder is flexed at 90 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Internal rotation

A

Rotation in the transverse plane toward the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Medial rotation

A

Rotation in the transverse plane toward the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

External rotation

A

Rotation in the transverse plane away from the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Lateral rotation

A

Rotation in the transverse plane away from the midline of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Lateral flexion

A

Movement away from the midline of the body in the frontal plane, usually used to describe neck and trunk movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Rotation

A

Right or left rotation in the transverse plane, usually used to describe neck and trunk movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Elevation

A

Movement of the scapula superiorly in the frontal plane

49
Q

Depression

A

Movement of the scapula inferiorly in the frontal plane

50
Q

Retraction

A

Movement of the scapula toward the spine in the frontal plane

51
Q

Protraction

A

Movement of the scapula away from the spine in the frontal plane

52
Q

Upward rotation

A

Superior and lateral movement of the inferior angle of the scapula in the frontal plane

53
Q

Downward rotation

A

Inferior and medial movement of the inferior angle of the scapula in the frontal plane

54
Q

Circumduction

A

A compound circular movement involving flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, circumscribing a cone shape

55
Q

Radial deviation

A

Abduction of the wrist in the frontal plane

56
Q

Ulnar deviation

A

Adduction of the wrist in the frontal plane

57
Q

Opposition

A

Diagonal movement of thumb across the palmar surface of the hand to make contact with the fifth digit

58
Q

Eversion

A

Abducting the ankle

59
Q

Inversion

A

Adducting the ankle

60
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Flexing the ankle so that the foot moves anteriorly in the sagittal plane

61
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Extending the ankle so that the foot moves posteriorly in the sagittal plane

62
Q

Pronation (foot/ankle)

A

Combined movements of abduction and eversion resulting in lowering of the medial margin of the foot

63
Q

Supination (foot/ankle)

A

Combined movements of adduction and inversion resulting in raising of the medial margin of the foot

64
Q

Diaphysis

A

The main portion of a long bone

65
Q

Epiphysis

A

The end portion of the bone

66
Q

What covers the epiphysis?

A

Cartilage

67
Q

Metaphysis

A

The region of mature bone where we see the diaphysis join each epiphysis

68
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

The “growth plate” of the bone

69
Q

Medullary cavity

A

The space inside the diaphysis

70
Q

Endosteum

A

The lining of the medullary cavity

71
Q

Periosteum

A

The membrane covering the surface of the bones

72
Q

Cortical bones

A

The compact type of bone

73
Q

Trabecular bones

A

The spongy type of bone

74
Q

Joints

A

The articulations between the bones

75
Q

Ligaments

A

Tough fibrous connective tissues that anchor bone to bone

76
Q

Synarthrodial joints

A

These do not move. i.e. the sutures of the skull.

77
Q

Amphiarthrodial joints

A

These do move slightly and are held together by the ligaments or fibrocartilage.

78
Q

Suture

A

Tight union unique to the skull

79
Q

Syndesmosis

A

lnterosseous membrane between bones

80
Q

Gomphosis

A

Unique joint at the tooth socket

81
Q

Primary Cartilaginous joints

A

Usually temporary to permit bone growth and typically fuse

82
Q

Secondary Cartilaginous joints

A

Strong, slightly movable joints

83
Q

Synovial Plane joints

A

Gliding and sliding movements

84
Q

Synovial Hinge joints

A

Uniaxial movements

85
Q

Synovial Ellipsoidal joints

A

Biaxial joint

86
Q

Synovial Saddle Joints

A

Unique joint that permits movements in all planes, including opposition

87
Q

Synovial Ball-and-socket joints

A

Multiaxial joints that permit movements in all directions

88
Q

Synovial Pivot joints

A

Uniaxial joints that permit rotation

89
Q

Synovial Bicondylar joints

A

Allow movement primarily around one axis with some limited rotation in a second axis

90
Q

Joint stability

A

The resistance to displacement

91
Q

How many skeletal muscles are in the body?

A

more than 600

92
Q

Agonist muscle

A

The main muscle or group of muscles responsible for a movement.

93
Q

Antagonist muscle

A

The opposing in muscle in a movement.

94
Q

Synergist muscles

A

These muscles prevent unwanted movements and help the prime mover muscles work more efficiently.

95
Q

Co-contraction

A

The simultaneous contraction of the agonist and antagonist.

96
Q

Impingement syndrome

A

The most common non traumatic cause of shoulder pain caused from entrapment of the rotator cuff tendons.

97
Q

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

A

A shoulder condition related to faulty biomechanics, poor posture, and shoulder muscle imbalance.

98
Q

Synovial membrane

A

Where the synovial fluid is produced.

99
Q

Open Chain movements

A

Movements occurring when the distal segment of a joint moves in space.

100
Q

Closed chain movements

A

Movements occurring when the distal segment of the joint is fixed in space.

101
Q

Range of motion

A

The degree of movement within a joint.

102
Q

Active range of motion

A

The range that can be reached by voluntary movement from contraction of skeletal muscle.

103
Q

Passive range of motion

A

The ROM that can be achieved by external means

104
Q

Hypermobile

A

Joints with excessive range of motion.

105
Q

Hypomobile

A

Joints with restricted range of motion

106
Q

Parallel skeletal muscle

A

The Muscle fibers run in line with the pull of the muscle.

107
Q

Fusiform muscles

A

Fusiform muscles have a parallel arrangement and are spindle shaped, tapering at each end.

108
Q

Longitudinal muscles

A

Strap-like and with parallel fibers.

109
Q

Quadrate muscles

A

These are four sided and usually flat, consisting of parallel fibers.

110
Q

Fan shaped muscles

A

These contain fibers that radiate from a narrow attachment at one end to a broad attachment at the other.

111
Q

Pennate muscles

A

These fibers run obliquely or at an angle to the line of pull.

112
Q

Unipennate muscles

A

Fibers are only on one side of the tendon in a pennate muscle.

113
Q

Bipennate muscles

A

Fibers are on both sides of a central tendon in a pennate muscle.

114
Q

Multipennate muscles

A

There are two or more fasiculi attaching obliquely and combined to one muscle in a pennate muscle.

115
Q

Uniarticular muscles

A

A muscle that causes movement only at one joint.

116
Q

Biarticular muscles

A

These muscles cross more than one joint and cause actions at both.

117
Q

Muscles of the rotator cuff

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis.

118
Q

Carpel Tunnel Syndrome

A

This is a widespread cumulative trauma disorder that is caused by median nerve entrapment at the anterior wrist.

119
Q

Bursa

A

Fat pads

ACSM CPT 6th Edition Study (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions