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Lifespan Development > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Gestation

A

Period from conception to birth (280 days)

-within hours of conception, sperm and egg create zygote

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2
Q

Fertilization

A

Insemination of an ovum by a sperm

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3
Q

Zygote

A

The new cell created when the sperm and egg fuse

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4
Q

Placenta

A

Support system that-via the umbilical cord-provides food and oxygen to the developing child and carries waste products away

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5
Q

Implantation

A

When the zygote embeds in the uterus’s nutrient-rich lining like roots of a growing plant into soil

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6
Q

Infertility

A

Failure to conceive a child after 12 months of sexual intercourse without birth control

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7
Q

In vitro fertilization IVF

A

When a woman takes fertility drugs so her body releases more than one egg, her ova are surgically removed at ovulation, and then mixed with her partners sperm in a lab dish and put back into her

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8
Q

Gametes

A

Sex cells (sperm and ova)

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9
Q

Surrogate mother

A

Woman who is impregnated with a male’s sperm through artificial insemination or with the couples embryo through IVF

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10
Q

Artificial insemination

A

Inserting sperm directly into the woman’s uterus with a syringe

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11
Q

Specialized layers of cells

A 
Ectoderm: top cell layer
-skin, hair, mouth, nose, nervous system
Mesoderm: middle cell layer
-muscles, bones, heart, blood cells
Endoderm: outer cell layer 
-tongue, tonsils, urethra, bladder
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12
Q

The embryo

A

Week 3-8
Specialized layers of cells begin to form
-Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

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13
Q

The fetus

A

Week 8-birth
Central nervous system becomes active
Further brain development

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14
Q

Directionality

A

How body proportions change
Cephalocaudal: head to tail
Proximodistal: inward to outward

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15
Q

Brain placticity

A

The ability for the brain to change and adapt

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16
Q

Experience-expectant processes

A

Basic experiences needed (exposure to language, touch)

17
Q

Experience-dependent processes

A

Creates connections based on environment (2+ languages)

-kids pick up on these experiences

18
Q

Habituation

A

Loss of interest suggest the baby recognizes the stimuli

-Ex: video of baby looking at pepper becomes less interested each time they see it

19
Q

Novelty response

A

Interest and more time spent looking at a new stimuli

-Ex: infants looking at different types of spices-how long for each spice

20
Q

Schemes

A

Set of mental operations that form a structure and underlies infants thoughts
-organized pattern of behavior reflecting the world

21
Q

Sensorimotor stage

A

Birth-2 years
Learn reflexes
-schemes

22
Q

Adaption

A

A process where knowledge is altered by experience

  • assimilation
  • accomodation
23
Q

Assimilation

A

New info put into the brain

24
Q

Accomodation

A

Adapting old info

-Balloon: kids are used to gravity pulling things down, but they float up

25
Q

Exploratory play

A

Helps infant learn what objects do

26
Q

Symbolic play

A

Make believe and mental representations

27
Q

Categorization

A

Grouping separate items into a set according to some rule

28
Q

Remembering

A

Infants remember previously experienced events

29
Q

Object permanence

A

Know an object is there even if they can’t see it

-Peek a boo

30
Q

A, not B task/ A, not B error

A

Repeatedly put toy under some cloth, but when the toy is put under other cloth, they can’t find it

31
Q

Phonology

A

Sounds must be produced and perceived

32
Q

Semantics

A

Meaning of words must be learned

33
Q

Syntax

A

Grammar of language must be understood for meaningful communication
-I went to the store vs. I goed to the store

34
Q

Infant-directed speech

A

Varying inflection, speed, and word choice when talking with infants

35
Q

Turn taking

A

Conversational give-and-take

36
Q

Gesture

A

Nonverbal support of communication

37
Q

Stages of language

A
  • Prelinguistic stage
  • One-word stage
  • Multi-word stage

Lifespan Development (17 decks)

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