Chapter 28 - Conservation of Biodiversity

Question 1

When is a species extinct?

Answer 1

When there are no living representations left.

Question 2

After how long is a species considered extinct by conservation organizations?

Answer 2

After it has not been seen or recorded fro 50 years.

Question 3

What is the background extinction rate?

Answer 3

Expect species to disappear at some low rate.

Question 4

What is the number for the background extinction rate

Answer 4

(approx. 10% every million years)

Question 5

End of Devonian period date?

Answer 5

359 mya

Question 6

Most severe extinction?

Answer 6

Permian

Question 7

What percent of species disappeared with the Permian extinction?

Answer 7

More than 85% of species

Question 8

What percent of species disappeared at the end of the Cretaceous period?

Answer 8

Half of the species, most dinosaurs.

Question 9

What will cause the 6th mass extinction?

Answer 9

Human degradation of the environment.

Question 10

6th mass extinction rate?

Answer 10

1000 species/ per year/ per million of species.

Question 11

Cretaceous extinction cause?

Answer 11

Asteroid Impact

Question 12

Time of end-Ordovician extinction?

Answer 12

450 mya

Question 13

End- Permian time?

Answer 13

250 mya

Question 14

Late-Devonian

Answer 14

375 mya

Question 15

End-Triassic

Answer 15

200 mya

Question 16

End-cretaceous

Answer 16

65.5 mya (double check)

Question 17

What is the Anthropecene Extinction Event?

Answer 17

6th mass extinction, potentially largest of all

Question 18

What did the asteroid 65.5 mya ago cause?

Answer 18

• dust clouds blocked sunlight for photosynthesis

- chain reactions, began with microscopic marine organisms and finished with dinosaurs

Question 19

Why did the Australian gastric brooding frog go extinct?

Answer 19

Wiped out due to degredation of stream habitats, pollution and possible disease

Question 20

Examples of vulnerable species?

Answer 20

-endemic to islands (especially flightless birds)

Question 21

Characteristics of island species?

Answer 21

• small poulations
• unaccostomed to terrestrial predators
• expanding human popilations

Question 22

How did the Stephens Island Wren go extinct?

Answer 22

The lightkeepers cat

Question 23

Where did the Dodo live?

Answer 23

Maruritius in the Indian Ocean

Question 24

Last account of the Dodo?

Answer 24

1662

Question 25

Where did zebra mussels come from

Answer 25

Russia, in ballast water

Question 26

What is the impact of zebra mussels?

Answer 26

Decline of eastern pond mussles in the Great Lakes.

Question 27

What percent of zebra mussles have outcompeted?

Answer 27

90%

Question 28

Since when have the zebra mussels been around

Answer 28

Mid 80s (1980s or 1880s)

Question 29

What did a survey of ballast water reveal?

Answer 29

367 species

Question 30

What is chestnut blight?

Answer 30

Ascomycetes

Question 31

When was chestnut blight intoruduced?

Answer 31

1904 from asian nursery stock.

Question 32

Which tend to do better, invasive or native plants?

Answer 32

invasive

Question 33

Why do invasive species do better?

Answer 33

Because there are no predators or diseases adapted to the new species.

Question 34

The population of Black Rhinos in 1987?

Answer 34

3500

Question 35

how much did the Black Rhino decline in 30 years?

Answer 35

Dropped by 95% between 1960 and 1995

Question 36

What is the price of the rhino horn?

Answer 36

$100K/kg of horn

Question 37

In 1960 the black rhino was on what list?

Answer 37

Big Five or game to shoor as trophies.

Question 38

Where did white nose syndrome come from?

Answer 38

Cavers who got the ascomycete on their clothes.

Question 39

How many bats have been lost between 2007 and 2012?

Answer 39

6 billion deaths.

Question 40

By what percent have species declined?

Answer 40

90%

Question 41

Where is white nose symdrome found?

Answer 41

29 states and 5 canadian provinces.

Question 42

Define Extinct:

Answer 42

A wildlife species that no longer exists

Question 43

Define Extirpated:

Answer 43

A species no longer existing in one location in the wild but occuring elsewhere.