Chapter 27 Flashcards by Pam Colvin

the largest public works program in American history

Federal Highway Act

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the practice of limiting work output in order to create more jobs

featherbedding

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Eisenhower’s term for the federal government’s continuing aid to businesses

“creeping socialism”

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Truman’s domestic policy

Fair Deal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

balancing economic conservatism with some activism

dynamic conservatism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In 1947 the conservative Congress set out to curb the power of organized labor by passing the -

a) Fair Deal
b) Federal Highway Act
c) Taft-Hartley Act
d) GI Bill

c) Taft-Hartley Act

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dwight Eisenhower’s running mate (Vice President) in the presidential election of 1952 was -

a) Richard Nixon
b) Adlai Stevenson
c) Strom Thurmond
d) Thomas Dewey

a) Richard Nixon

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What did Eisenhower end that many conservatives had viewed as unnecessary federal control over the business community -

a) government work programs
b) the GI Bill
c) government price and rent controls
d) union shops

c) government price and rent controls

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Truman won the election in 1948 with strong support from laborers, farmers, and -

a) wealthy socialists
b) Southern Democrats
c) the new Progressive Party
d) African Americans

d) African Americans

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Eisenhower came to an agreement with Canada to build an American-Canadian waterway to aid international shipping called the -

a) Chesapeake Bay Seaway
b) Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway
c) American-Canadian Seaway
d) St Lawrence River locks

b) Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

one of the nation’s earliest computers

ENIAC

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

developed an injectable vaccine for polio and tested it on himself, his wife and his three sons

Jonas Salk

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

one of the earliest suburbs, which was located 10 miles east of New York City

Levittown

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a period from 1945 to 1961 when more than 65 million children were born in the United States

baby boom

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

economist who wrote the 1958 book The Affluent Society

John Kenneth Galbraith

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What became the fastest-growing industry in the US during the 1950s?

a) construction
b) food
c) advertising
d) medical research

c) advertising

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

About 85 percent of new home construction in the 1950s was found in -

a) the suburbs
b) the city
c) rural towns
d) the South

a) the suburbs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Many large corporations competed with each other and some expanded overseas, creating -

a) conglomerates
b) franchises
c) multinational franchises
d) multinational corporations

d) multinational corporations

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What epidemic brought a wave of terror to postwar America -

a) polio
b) yellow fever
c) influenza
d) whooping cough

a) polio

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What did John Bardeen, Walther H. Brattain, and William Shockley develop in 1947 -

a) a nuclear reaction
b) the transistor
c) radiowaves
d) microwaves

b) the transistor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cultural separation between children and their parents

generation gap

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hosted Toast of the Town

Ed Sullivan

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

African American rock ‘n’ roll singer

Little Richard

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

enjoyed television success with routines of bad violin playing and stingy behavior

Jack Benny

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

beat member who published On the Road in 1957

Jack Kerouac

While the film industry may not have been collapsing, it certainly did suffer after the war due to the popularity of - a) live theater b) television c) reading d) radio

b) television

What music had a loud and heavy beat that made it ideal for dancing - a) reggae b) country c) rock 'n' roll d) jazz

c) rock 'n' roll

With a few notable exceptions, television tended to shut out - a) African Americans b) the middle class c) women d) white-collar workers

a) African-Americans

Who eventually claimed the title of King of Rock 'n' Roll - a) Little Richard b) Allen Ginsberg c) Elvis Presley d) Alan Freed

c) Elvis Presley

By 1957 how many television sets were in use in the United States - a) 3 million b) 40 million c) 10 million d) 5 million

b) 40 million

a figure the government set to reflect the minimum income required to support a family

poverty line

antisocial or criminal behavior of young people

juvenile delinquency

the federal government's withdrawal of all official recognition of Native Americans groups as legal entities

termination policy

chronicled poverty in the US in his book, "The Other America"

Michael Harrington

a conservative commentator

Bishop Fulton J. Sheen

By the middle of the 1900s, what group of people were the poorest in the nation - a) Native Americans b) African Americans c) Irish Americans d) German Americans

a) Native Americans

The programs that tried to eliminate poverty by tearing down slums and erecting new high-rise buildings for poor residents were called - a) tenements b) soup kitchens c) welfare d) urban renewal

d) urban renewal

Due to the Bracero program during the 1940s and 1950s, the country witnessed a sharp rise in the number of immigrants from - a) Italy b) Mexico c) Spain d) Portugal

b) Mexico

Studies of life in Appalachia revealed high rates of infant mortality and - a) polio b) juvenile delinquency c) nutritional deficiency d) suicide

c) nutritional deficiency

The cores of numerous cities deteriorated as middle-class flight deprived urban areas of - a) termination policies b) minorities c) tax dollars d) cultural events

c) tax dollars

African American actor who expressed resentment for having to play stereotypical roles in 1950s movies

Sidney Portier

African American singer who recorded hi songs in the fifties

Chuck Berry

Dixiecrat Party candidate for president in 1948

Strom Thurmond

beat poet who blasted modern American life

Allen Ginsberg

developed an oral vaccine for polio

Albert Sabin

Eisenhower's vice president

Richard Nixon

disc jockey who helped launch rock 'n' roll by playing African American music on the air

Alan Freed

"Every segment of our population has a right to expect from ... government a fair deal."

Harry S Truman

As a result of the GI Bill, many returning soldiers - a) found jobs in business b) decided to make a career in the military c) attended college d) received awards and bonuses for their wartime service

c) attended college

President Truman ended the miners' strike by ordering government seizure of the mines while - a) pressuring owners to grant most union demands b) pressuring strikers to accept a minimal pay increase c) pushing through a law that banned strikes in energy industries d) pushing through a law that required mine owners to negotiate with unions

a) pressuring owners to grant most union demands

The States' Rights Party formed for the 1948 election as a reaction to - a) the "Do-Nothing Congress" b) Truman's aggressive federal spending c) Truman's support of civil rights d) Truman's support of big business

c) Truman's support of civil rights

In Nixon's famous "Checkers speech," "Checkers" referred to - a) his political opponents b) the pieces of his defense plan c) his daughters d) his dog

d) his dog

Eisenhower used the term "creeping socialism" to refer to - a) public support for national health care b) the expansion of Social Security c) the expansion of the welfare system d) the federal government's continuing aid to businesses

d) the federal government's continuing aid to businesses

To benefit from a cheaper labor pool, some businesses in the 1950s began to - a) hire African Americans b) hire teenagers c) expand overseas d) move to the Sunbelt

c) expand overseas

The development of the transistor made possible the - a) mass production of radios b) miniaturization of radios c) development of the computer d) mass production of computers

b) miniaturization of radios

Rock 'n' roll grew out of the sounds of - a) jazz b) swing c) rhythm and blues d) ragtime

c) rhythm and blues

In his book "The Other America", Michael Harrington wrote about - a) the beat movement b) street gangs c) poverty d) the generation gap

c) poverty

Topping the list of juvenile crimes in the 1950s was - a) assault b) shoplifting c) vandalism d) car theft

d) car theft

As president, Eisenhower had a conservative side and an activist side. Describe some of his programs and actions that reflected these two sides.

Eisenhower showed his conservative side: 1. appointing several business leaders to his cabinet. 2. ended government price and rent controls 3. tried to curb the federal budget by vetoing a school construction bill and slashing government aid to public housing. 4. supported some modest tax reductions 5. abolished the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and slashed funding for the Tennessee Valley Authority. He displayed his activism by 1. advocating passage of the Federal Highway Act 2. authorizing construction of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway 3. extended the Social Security system to an additional 10 million people 4. extended unemployment compensation 5. increased the minimum wage 6. continued to provide some government aid to farmers

Three broad categories of factors that contributed to the baby boom. Explain each of these factors and how they contributed to the baby boom - 1. War's End 2. Government 3. Popular Culture

Several factors contributed to the baby boom - 1. young couples who had delayed marriage during WW II and the Korea Way could now marry. buy homes and begin their families 2. The government encouraged the growth of families by offering generous GI benefits for home purchases 3. Television and in magazines, popular culture celebrated pregnancy, parenthood and large families

businesses in which a person owns and runs one or several stores of a chain operation

franchises

banned union shops

right-to-work laws

physical labor

blue-collar jobs

early computer that handled business data

UNIVAC

business in which new workers were required to join the union

union shop

provided loans to veterans

GI Bill

group of mostly white artists who sought to live unconventional lives

beats

forcing business owners to hire only union members

closed shop

movies shown on large, panoramic screens

cinemascope

After WW II, labor unrest was triggered by - a) rising inflation b) falling wages c) lack of jobs d) poor working conditions

a) rising inflation

Which of the following choices best completes the following: Taft-Hartley Act - outlawed the Closed Shops prohibited featherbedding ? a) supported unions' right to contribute to political campaigns b) allowed right-to-work laws c) increased the minimum wage d) outlawed strikes

b) allowed right-to-work laws

Congress passed all of the following parts of Truman's Fair Deal EXCEPT: a) a minimum wage increase b) an expansion of Social Security c) a national housing act d) a civil rights act

d) a civil rights act

President Eisenhower described his political beliefs as - a) conservative b) liberal c) progressive d) middle of the road

d) middle of the road

According to John Kenneth Galbraith, postwar America had an "economy of abundance" because of - a) the huge numbers of new workers returning from the war b) new business techniques and improved technology c) the new consumer culture d) the growth of suburbs

b) new business techniques and improved technology

Some observers criticized suburbia because it - a) lacked diversity b) represented conspicuous consumption c) represented a departure from traditional values d) contributed to urban sprawl

a) lacked diversity

Many of the early television comedy shows were adapted from popular - a) movies b) radio shows c) novels d) stage plays

b) radio shows

Many quiz shows left the air when - a) fraud was discovered in one of them b) comedy became more popular c) they were accused of gambling d) young audiences lost interest

a) fraud was discovered in one of them

The government unwittingly encouraged residents of public housing to remain poor by - a) increasing the rent as they earned more money b) evicting them as soon as they began to earn any money c) requiring them to pay for maintenance d) locating the housing too far from available jobs

b) evicting them as soon as they began to earn any money

The federal government's termination policy was intended to - a) end poverty in the inner city by replacing slums with new high-rise buildings b) bring Native Americans into mainstream society c) fight juvenile delinquency d) end the dependence of poor Americans on government aid

b) bring Native Americans into mainstream society

What were some reasons for the rapid growth of suburbia in the 1950s

1. some moved to the suburbs to escape the crime and congestion of the city 2. Others viewed life in the suburbs as a move up to a better life 3. the GI Bill offered low-interest loans making new housing affordable during the postwar period 4. the government's offer of income tax deductions for home mortgage interest payments and property taxes 5. suburbs came to symbolize the American dream

Describe how the rise of television affected Hollywood, and how Hollywood responded.

As television gained popularity, movies lost viewers. Throughout the 1950s Hollywood struggled to recapture its audience - it tried contests, door prizes and advertising, but most of these tactics failed to lure people out of their living rooms. Then Hollywood tried to make films more exciting by introducing 3-D films which worked for a short-time. Cinemascope gave Hollywood a boost, and they began to film programs especially for television and also sold old movies which could be cheaply rebroadcast to the networks.