Chapter 18 Flashcards
Efficiency progressives believed that cities should be run by a -
a) city manager or commissioners
b) mayor elected by the people
c) mayor appointed by a party
d) city council elected by the people
a) city manager or commissioners
Wisconsin become known as “the laboratory of democracy” because of its -
a) consumer protection laws
b) reforms that broke the power of party bosses
c) efforts for woman suffrage
d) antitrust laws
b) reforms that broke the power of party bosses
Socialists believe in -
a) no government
b) private ownership of business
c) government regulation of business
d) government ownership of business
d) government ownership of business
The Underwood Tariff Act included a provision for -
a) negotiating tariffs with other nations
b) levying an income tax
c) starting a new national bank
d) banning tying agreements
b) levying an income tax
This amendment began prohibition, the sale of alcohol
Eighteenth
T/F
In international affairs, Roosevelt was a Social Darwinist, but domestically he was a committed Progressive who firmly believed that government should actively balance the needs of competing groups in American society.
True
In a direct primary -
a) all party members vote for delegates to the party’s convention
b) the party’s state legislators vote for delegates to the party’s conventions
c) all party members vote for a candidate to run in the general election
d) the party’s state legislators vote for a candidate to run in the election
c) all party members vote a candidate to run in the general election
The Constitution originally specified that senators would be selected by -
the legislature of each state
Which of the following best completes this statement:
If U.S. Steel company would: allow the government to look at its account books and records, then the government would
a) promise not to break up the trust
b) promise not to sue the company
c) allow the company to correct problems privately without going to court
d) allow an arbitrator to rule on whether the company was violating the law
c) allow the company to correct problems privately without going to court
In early 1902, Roosevelt ordered his attorney general to file a lawsuit under the Sherman Antitrust Act against -
a) the New York Stock Exchange
b) the Union Pacific Railroad
c) the Burlington railroad
d) Northern Securities
D) Northern Securities
Teddy Roosevelt put his stamp on the presidency most clearly in the area of -
a) environmental conservation
b) antitrust legislation
c) child labor laws
d) arbitration
a) environmental conservation
T/F
Theodore Roosevelt believed that most trusts benefited the economy and breaking them up would do more harm than good.
True
T/F
The Pure Food and Drug Act required federal inspection of meat sold through interstate commerce and required the Agriculture Department to set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants
False
T/F
The Supreme Court ruled the Keating-Owen Child Labor Act unconstitutional.
True
T/F
William Howard Taft brought many more antitrust cases during his term than Theodore Roosevelt did during his presidency.
True
T/F
Progressives were pleased with William Howard Taft for pushing through the Payne-Aldrich Tariff.
False
T/F
Progressivism was an organized political movement that worked together to achieve a set of agreed-upon reforms.
False
What amendment stated that U.S. Senators would be elected by popular vote/direct election of senators
Seventeenth
The federal government began the large-scale transformation of the West’s landscape and economy with the passage of which ACT.
Newlands Reclamation Act
The meeting in 1905 that included W.E.B. Du Bois and other African American leaders to demand full political rights and responsibilities for African Americans eventually resulted in the founding of the -
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
To restore public confidence in the banking system, Wilson supported the establishment of a -
a) loan system
b) gold-based currency system
c) Federal Reserve system
d) Federal Trade Commission
c) Federal Reserve system
One provision of the Clayton Antitrust Act banned -
a) racial discrimination
b) income tax
c) child labor
d) price discrimination
d) price discrimination
This amendment guaranteed women the right to vote -
Nineteenth
The case that challenged a state’s authority to limit work hours for women was -
Muller vs Oregon
__________were crusading journalists who investigated social conditions and political corruption.
muckrakers
A _____ allowed voters to demand a special election to remove an elected official from office before his or her term had expired.
recall
_______, a settlement imposed by an outside party
arbitration
In the election of 1912, Woodrow Wilson called his program New ______ and Theodore Roosevelt called his program New ________
Freedom
Nationalism
The right to vote
suffrage
The movement to lessen or eliminate the sale of alcohol was called
temperance
What was American’s first national park
Yellowstone National Park
Woodrow Wilson was governor of what state before he become president
New Jersey
a journalist who wrote How the Other Half Lives
Jacob Riis
a leader of the women’s rights movement
Susan B Anthony
the first head of the National Forestry Service
Gifford Pinchot
wrote articles criticizing Standard Oil
Ida Tarbell
wrote The Jungle
Upton Sinclair
founded the Sierra Club
John Muir
Who were the progressives and what did they believe
Progressives had many different views about how to fix the problems they thought existed in America’s society. They generally believed that industrialism and urbanization had created many social problems. The demanded changes in the law and Constitution. In general they agreed the solution was in pushing for a more active role on the part of the government to solve society’s problems. Progressives belonged to both major political parties and were usually urban, educated, middle-class Americans
Compare the views on trusts by Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson during the election campaign of 1912
Roosevelt accepted the economic power of the trusts and proposed a more powerful federal government and a strong executive to regulate them.
Wilson criticized Roosevelt’s “regulated monopoly” thinking and thought monopolies were evils to be destroyed instead of being regulated. Wilson felt Roosevelt’s program gave the federal government too much power in the economy and did nothing to restore competition in the economy which he felt was important.
T/F
Progressives though that by applying scientific principles to society that they could fix its problems.
True
T/F
The Supreme Court ruled the Keating-Owen Child Labor Act unconstitutional
True
Theodore Roosevelt warned William Howard Taft to stay away from the tariff reform because why
it could split the Republican Party
Roosevelt believed that Taft’s focus on breaking up trusts would -
a) promote competition and lower prices for consumers
b) please progressives and help the Republicans stay in power
c) destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had arranged
d) ruin the efficiency of business and cause prices to rise
c) destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had arranged
Wilson believed lower tariff rates would lead American companies to -
improve products and lower prices
What did progressives think needed to play a more active role in solving society’s problems?
the government
What incident did Roosevelt criticize as an example of groups pursuing their private interests at the expense of the nation?
coal strike of 1902
What gave federal antitrust suits precedence on the dockets of circuit courts?
Expedition Act
Taft gave the impression that he had “sold the Square Deal down the river” by backing speaker Joe Cannon, by supporting Ballinger against Pinchot, and by signing what Act -
Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act.
In October 1911, Taft announced an antitrust lawsuit against what company -
U.S. Steel
What amendment allowed the government to directly tax personal income
Sixteenth
another word for disobedience
insubordination
What was the nickname given to the Progressive Party -
Bull Moose
What is the term for when a proposed legislation is presented to voters for approval
referendum
A tragedy in the city and state where showed many Americans that the leaders of cities needed to have experience in governing.
Galveston, TX
T/F
Eugene Debs was a candidate for president in 1912
True
governor of Wisconsin who worked to break the power of political machines
Robert LaFollette
Wilson told Americans that if he was elected he would institute reforms in four areas. What were those areas? Did he bring about those reforms? How or how not?
Answer later
governor of CA who was recalled
Gray
Synaca Falls, NY
first meeting of women
The _________ was a division o f the new Department of Commerce and Labor and had the authority to investigate corporations and issue reports on their activities.
Bureau of Corporations
The ______ Act required federal inspection of meat sold through interstate commerce and required the Agriculture Department to set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants.
Meat Inspection Act
Taft established the _______________ which was a federal agency that investigated and publicized child labor problems.
Children’s Bureau
What were the powers of the new Federal Trade Commission
investigate companies and issue “cease or desist” orders on those engaging in unfair trade practices
Why did the Supreme Court declare the Keating -Owen Child Labor Act unconstitutional -
child labor was not interstate commerce, so only states could regulate it
laws banning the manufacture, sale and consumption of alcohol
prohibition
progressives campaigned against this emotional issue
child labor
allowed a group of citizens in a state to introduce legislation and required the legislature to vote on it
initiative
group of crusading journalists who investigated social conditions and political corruption
muckrakers
right of vote
suffrage
Political reform first came to the state level when Wisconsin voters elected as governor, Republican -
a) Charles Edward Russell
b) Frederick W Taylor
c) Jacob Riis
d) Robert La Follette
d)Robert La Follette
What did progressives think needed to play a more active role in solving society’s problems?
a) the government
b) the churches
c) social welfare organizations
d) big business
a) the government
Who formed the National Woman’s Party and wanted to use protests to force President Wilson to take action on suffrage?
a) Lucretia Mott
b) Carrie Chapman Catt
c) Lucy Stone
d) Alice Paul
d) Alice Paul
A law that divides a town or city into areas for commercial, residential, or other development is called a a) referendum
b) temperance
c) zoning law
d) recall law
d) zoning law
Efficiency progressives wanted to selection of the heads of city departments to be made by a city manager or -
a) the mayor
b) a board of commissioners
c) the city council
d) a political party
b) a board of commissioners
wrote, The Jungle, a book with appalling descriptions of conditions in the meatpacking industry
Upton Sinclair
had the authority to investigate corporations and issue reports on their activities
Bureau of Corporations
appointed to head the United States Forest Service
Gifford Pinchot
a settlement imposed by an outside party
arbitration
Roosevelt’s reform program
Square Deal
What incident did Roosevelt criticize as an example of groups pursuing their private interests at the expense of the nation
a) formation of the Northern Securities
b) coal strike of 1902
c) irrigation in the West
d) strengthening of the Interstate Commerce Commission
b) coal strike of 1902
In early 1902, Roosevelt ordered his attorney general to file a lawsuit under the Sherman Antitrust Act against -
a) the New York Stock Exchange
b) the Union Pacific Railroad
c) the Burlington Railroad
d) Northern Securities
d) Northern Securities
Teddy Roosevelt put his stamp on the presidency most clearly in the area of
a) environmental regulation
b) antitrust legislation
c) child labor laws
d) arbitration
a) environmental regulation
The federal government began the large-scale transformation of the West’s landscape and economy with the passage of the -
a) Expedition Act
b) Hepburn Act
c) Newlands Reclamation Act
d) Square Deal
c) Newlands Reclamation Act
What gave federal antitrust suits precedence on the dockets of circuit courts -
a) Expedition Act
b) Department of Commerce and Labor
c) Hepburn Act
d) Pure Food and Drug Act
a) Expedition Act
disobedience
insubordination
senator who wanted to protect high tariffs
Nelson Aldrich
increased the ICC’s regulatory powers
Mann-Elkins Act
business group
syndicate
Speaker of the House who appointed all committees and decided which bills they handled
Joseph G Cannon
Who was surrounded by suspicion as secretary of the interior because he tried to remove forests and mineral reserves from the public lands and make them available for private development -
a) Richard A Ballinger
b) Gifford Pinchot
c) James R Garfield
d) Nelson Aldrich
a) Richard A Ballinger
What did Taft establish to investigate and publicize child labor problems?
a) Bureau of Children Services
b) Bureau of Children and Family Services
c) Bureau of Corporations
d) Children’s Bureau
d) Children’s Bureau
In October 1911, Taft announced an antitrust lawsuit against -
a) the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company
b) the Burlington Railroad
c) U.S. Steel
d) Standard Oil
c) U.S. Steel
Taft was a dedicated conservationist and set up the Bureau of Mines to monitor the activities of mining companies, protect waterpower sites from private development, and
a) create national seashores
b) expand the national forests
c) encourage hunting laws
d) curb industrial pollution
b) expand the national forests
Teddy Roosevelt’s program
New Nationalism
direct tax on the earnings of individuals and corporations
income tax
established the eight-hour workday for railroad workers
Adamson Act
created to monitor American business
Federal Trade Commission
Woodrow Wilson’s program
New Freedom
What law reduced the average tariff on imported goods to about 30% of the value of the goods, or about half the tariff rate of the 1890s?
a) Clayton Antitrust Act
b) Underwood Tariff
c) Keating-Owen Act
d) Adamson Act
b) Underwood Tariff
To restore public confidence in the banking system, Wilson supported the establishment of a
a) loan system
b) gold-based currency system
c) Federal Reserve system
d) Federal Trade Commission
c) Federal Reserve System
In the election of 1912, Teddy Roosevelt became the presidential candidate for the newly formed -
a) Progressive Party
b) Independent Party
c) Libertarian Party
d) Populist Party
a) Progressive Party
Name the type of Progressivism for the following -
Interstate Commerce Commission
Regulation of Big Business
Name the type of Progressivism for the following -
referendum
Democracy
Name the type of Progressivism for the following -
scientific management
Efficiency
Name the type of Progressivism for the following -
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Social Welfare
cities run by people who had expertise in city services
commission plan
movement for moderation or elimination of alcohol
temperance
allowed proposed legislation to be submitted to the voters for approval
referendum
insurance fund financed by employers
workers’ compensation
exposed corruption and scandal
muckraker
Progressives had a strong faith in -
a) the basic goodness of humanity
b) politicians to serve the people
c) science and expertise
d) God
c) science and expertise
Efficiency progressives believed that cities should be run by a
a) city manager or commissioners
b) mayor elected by the people
c) mayor appointed by a party
d) city council elected by the people
a) city manager or commissioners
In the case Northern Securities v. the United States, the Supreme Court ruled that Northern Securities -
a) violate the Clayton Antitrust Act
b) violated the Sherman Antitrust Act
c) would be placed under the supervision of the Bureau of Corporations
d) would be placed under the supervision of the Interstate Commerce Commission
b) violated the Sherman Antitrust Act
Alice Paul’s strategy alarmed many in the suffrage movement because she wanted to
a) support Woodrow Wilson
b) start a women-only political party
c) use protests to force suffrage
d) use violence to force suffrage
c) use protests to force suffrage
Socialists believe in
a) no government
b) private ownership of business
c) government regulation of business
d) government ownership of business
d) government ownership of business
By 1920 the Interstate Commerce Commission had drifted from its original purpose and had started
a) raising rates to help ensure railroads’ profits
b) suing railroads for competing unfairly
c) imposing fees on goods transported by rail across state lines
d) taking an active role in operating railroads
a) raising rates to help ensure railroads’ profits
Theodore Roosevelt tried to win the Republican nomination from William Howard Taft in the 1912 election because he believed that Taft
a) did not deal with trusts aggressively enough
b) had failed to live up to progressive ideals
c) could not defeat Woodrow Wilson
d) was too slow in pushing for tariff reform
b) had failed to live up to progressive ideals
The Underwood Tariff Act included a provision for
a) negotiating tariffs with other nations
b) levying an income tax
c) starting a new national bank
d) banning tying agreements
b) levying an income tax
provided for the direct election of senators
Seventeenth Amendment
made it legal for the federal government to tax the income of individuals directly
Sixteenth Amendment
guaranteed women the right to vote
Nineteenth Amendment
“laboratory of democracy”
Wisconsin
banned the manufacture, sale and consumption of alcohol
prohibition
tried to open nearly a million acres of public land to private development
Richard A Ballinger
as governor of New Jersey, he introduced many progressive reforms
Woodrow Wilson
wrote articles criticizing Standard oil
Ida Tarbell
passed in response to The Jungle
Meat Inspection Act
investigated and publicized problems with child labor
Children’s Bureau
Through scientific management, a company could become efficient by
a) keeping staff to a minimum and treating the employees well
b) breaking tasks down into small parts and using standardized tools
c) keeping staff to a minimum and breaking tasks down into small parts
d) using standardized tools and treating employees well
b) breaking tasks down into small parts and using standardized tools
Theodore Roosevelt viewed the coal miners strike against mine owners in 19902 as an example of
a) groups pursuing their private interests at the expense of the nation
b) workers pursuing their right to fair wages and safe working conditions
c) big business abusing its power by exploiting workers
d) big business exercising its right to operate without a union
a) groups pursuing their private interests at the expense of the nation
Tragedy at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company led to
a) child labor laws
b) standards for safe use of machines
c) laws against harmful fumes
d) building codes requiring fire escapes
d) building codes requiring fire escapes
The laissez-faire argument for the best way to preserve public land was to
a) keep it under government control and not allow companies to use it
b) keep it under government control, but allow its use for land development projects
c) sell it to lumber companies, who would conserve it as a source of profits
d) sell it to private individuals, who would conserve it because it belonged to them
c) sell it to lumber companies who would conserve it as a source of profits
The Payne-Aldrich Tariff
a) raised tariffs significantly
b) imposed new tariffs
c) cut tariffs significantly
d) cut tariffs hardly at all
d) cut tariffs hardly at all
Roosevelt believed that Taft’s focus on breaking up trusts would -
a) promote competition and lower prices for consumers
b) please progressives and help the Republican party
c) destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had arranged
d) ruin the efficiency of business and cause prices to rise
c) destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had arranged
Wilson believed lower tariff rates would lead American companies to
a) go out of business
b) form trusts
c) invest in foreign companies
d) improve products and lower prices
d) improve products and lower prices
