Chapter 18 Flashcards by Pam Colvin

Efficiency progressives believed that cities should be run by a -

a) city manager or commissioners
b) mayor elected by the people
c) mayor appointed by a party
d) city council elected by the people

a) city manager or commissioners

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Wisconsin become known as “the laboratory of democracy” because of its -

a) consumer protection laws
b) reforms that broke the power of party bosses
c) efforts for woman suffrage
d) antitrust laws

b) reforms that broke the power of party bosses

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Socialists believe in -

a) no government
b) private ownership of business
c) government regulation of business
d) government ownership of business

d) government ownership of business

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The Underwood Tariff Act included a provision for -

a) negotiating tariffs with other nations
b) levying an income tax
c) starting a new national bank
d) banning tying agreements

b) levying an income tax

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This amendment began prohibition, the sale of alcohol

Eighteenth

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T/F
In international affairs, Roosevelt was a Social Darwinist, but domestically he was a committed Progressive who firmly believed that government should actively balance the needs of competing groups in American society.

True

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In a direct primary -

a) all party members vote for delegates to the party’s convention
b) the party’s state legislators vote for delegates to the party’s conventions
c) all party members vote for a candidate to run in the general election
d) the party’s state legislators vote for a candidate to run in the election

c) all party members vote a candidate to run in the general election

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The Constitution originally specified that senators would be selected by -

the legislature of each state

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Which of the following best completes this statement:
If U.S. Steel company would: allow the government to look at its account books and records, then the government would
a) promise not to break up the trust
b) promise not to sue the company
c) allow the company to correct problems privately without going to court
d) allow an arbitrator to rule on whether the company was violating the law

c) allow the company to correct problems privately without going to court

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In early 1902, Roosevelt ordered his attorney general to file a lawsuit under the Sherman Antitrust Act against -

a) the New York Stock Exchange
b) the Union Pacific Railroad
c) the Burlington railroad
d) Northern Securities

D) Northern Securities

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Teddy Roosevelt put his stamp on the presidency most clearly in the area of -

a) environmental conservation
b) antitrust legislation
c) child labor laws
d) arbitration

a) environmental conservation

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T/F

Theodore Roosevelt believed that most trusts benefited the economy and breaking them up would do more harm than good.

True

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T/F
The Pure Food and Drug Act required federal inspection of meat sold through interstate commerce and required the Agriculture Department to set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants

False

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T/F

The Supreme Court ruled the Keating-Owen Child Labor Act unconstitutional.

True

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T/F

William Howard Taft brought many more antitrust cases during his term than Theodore Roosevelt did during his presidency.

True

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T/F

Progressives were pleased with William Howard Taft for pushing through the Payne-Aldrich Tariff.

False

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T/F

Progressivism was an organized political movement that worked together to achieve a set of agreed-upon reforms.

False

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What amendment stated that U.S. Senators would be elected by popular vote/direct election of senators

Seventeenth

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The federal government began the large-scale transformation of the West’s landscape and economy with the passage of which ACT.

Newlands Reclamation Act

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The meeting in 1905 that included W.E.B. Du Bois and other African American leaders to demand full political rights and responsibilities for African Americans eventually resulted in the founding of the -

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

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To restore public confidence in the banking system, Wilson supported the establishment of a -

a) loan system
b) gold-based currency system
c) Federal Reserve system
d) Federal Trade Commission

c) Federal Reserve system

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One provision of the Clayton Antitrust Act banned -

a) racial discrimination
b) income tax
c) child labor
d) price discrimination

d) price discrimination

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This amendment guaranteed women the right to vote -

Nineteenth

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The case that challenged a state’s authority to limit work hours for women was -

Muller vs Oregon

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__________were crusading journalists who investigated social conditions and political corruption.

muckrakers

A _____ allowed voters to demand a special election to remove an elected official from office before his or her term had expired.

recall

_______, a settlement imposed by an outside party

arbitration

In the election of 1912, Woodrow Wilson called his program New ______ and Theodore Roosevelt called his program New ________

Freedom | Nationalism

The right to vote

suffrage

The movement to lessen or eliminate the sale of alcohol was called

temperance

What was American's first national park

Yellowstone National Park

Woodrow Wilson was governor of what state before he become president

New Jersey

a journalist who wrote How the Other Half Lives

Jacob Riis

a leader of the women's rights movement

Susan B Anthony

the first head of the National Forestry Service

Gifford Pinchot

wrote articles criticizing Standard Oil

Ida Tarbell

wrote The Jungle

Upton Sinclair

founded the Sierra Club

John Muir

Who were the progressives and what did they believe

Progressives had many different views about how to fix the problems they thought existed in America's society. They generally believed that industrialism and urbanization had created many social problems. The demanded changes in the law and Constitution. In general they agreed the solution was in pushing for a more active role on the part of the government to solve society's problems. Progressives belonged to both major political parties and were usually urban, educated, middle-class Americans

Compare the views on trusts by Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson during the election campaign of 1912

Roosevelt accepted the economic power of the trusts and proposed a more powerful federal government and a strong executive to regulate them. Wilson criticized Roosevelt's "regulated monopoly" thinking and thought monopolies were evils to be destroyed instead of being regulated. Wilson felt Roosevelt's program gave the federal government too much power in the economy and did nothing to restore competition in the economy which he felt was important.

T/F | Progressives though that by applying scientific principles to society that they could fix its problems.

True

T/F | The Supreme Court ruled the Keating-Owen Child Labor Act unconstitutional

True

Theodore Roosevelt warned William Howard Taft to stay away from the tariff reform because why

it could split the Republican Party

Roosevelt believed that Taft's focus on breaking up trusts would - a) promote competition and lower prices for consumers b) please progressives and help the Republicans stay in power c) destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had arranged d) ruin the efficiency of business and cause prices to rise

c) destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had arranged

Wilson believed lower tariff rates would lead American companies to -

improve products and lower prices

What did progressives think needed to play a more active role in solving society's problems?

the government

What incident did Roosevelt criticize as an example of groups pursuing their private interests at the expense of the nation?

coal strike of 1902

What gave federal antitrust suits precedence on the dockets of circuit courts?

Expedition Act

Taft gave the impression that he had "sold the Square Deal down the river" by backing speaker Joe Cannon, by supporting Ballinger against Pinchot, and by signing what Act -

Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act.

In October 1911, Taft announced an antitrust lawsuit against what company -

U.S. Steel

What amendment allowed the government to directly tax personal income

Sixteenth

another word for disobedience

insubordination

What was the nickname given to the Progressive Party -

Bull Moose

What is the term for when a proposed legislation is presented to voters for approval

referendum

A tragedy in the city and state where showed many Americans that the leaders of cities needed to have experience in governing.

Galveston, TX

T/F | Eugene Debs was a candidate for president in 1912

True

governor of Wisconsin who worked to break the power of political machines

Robert LaFollette

Wilson told Americans that if he was elected he would institute reforms in four areas. What were those areas? Did he bring about those reforms? How or how not?

Answer later

governor of CA who was recalled

Gray

Synaca Falls, NY

first meeting of women

The _________ was a division o f the new Department of Commerce and Labor and had the authority to investigate corporations and issue reports on their activities.

Bureau of Corporations

The ______ Act required federal inspection of meat sold through interstate commerce and required the Agriculture Department to set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants.

Meat Inspection Act

Taft established the _______________ which was a federal agency that investigated and publicized child labor problems.

Children's Bureau

What were the powers of the new Federal Trade Commission

investigate companies and issue "cease or desist" orders on those engaging in unfair trade practices

Why did the Supreme Court declare the Keating -Owen Child Labor Act unconstitutional -

child labor was not interstate commerce, so only states could regulate it

laws banning the manufacture, sale and consumption of alcohol

prohibition

progressives campaigned against this emotional issue

child labor

allowed a group of citizens in a state to introduce legislation and required the legislature to vote on it

initiative

group of crusading journalists who investigated social conditions and political corruption

muckrakers

right of vote

suffrage

Political reform first came to the state level when Wisconsin voters elected as governor, Republican - a) Charles Edward Russell b) Frederick W Taylor c) Jacob Riis d) Robert La Follette

d)Robert La Follette

What did progressives think needed to play a more active role in solving society's problems? a) the government b) the churches c) social welfare organizations d) big business

a) the government

Who formed the National Woman's Party and wanted to use protests to force President Wilson to take action on suffrage? a) Lucretia Mott b) Carrie Chapman Catt c) Lucy Stone d) Alice Paul

d) Alice Paul

A law that divides a town or city into areas for commercial, residential, or other development is called a a) referendum b) temperance c) zoning law d) recall law

d) zoning law

Efficiency progressives wanted to selection of the heads of city departments to be made by a city manager or - a) the mayor b) a board of commissioners c) the city council d) a political party

b) a board of commissioners

wrote, The Jungle, a book with appalling descriptions of conditions in the meatpacking industry

Upton Sinclair

had the authority to investigate corporations and issue reports on their activities

Bureau of Corporations

appointed to head the United States Forest Service

Gifford Pinchot

a settlement imposed by an outside party

arbitration

Roosevelt's reform program

Square Deal

What incident did Roosevelt criticize as an example of groups pursuing their private interests at the expense of the nation a) formation of the Northern Securities b) coal strike of 1902 c) irrigation in the West d) strengthening of the Interstate Commerce Commission

b) coal strike of 1902

In early 1902, Roosevelt ordered his attorney general to file a lawsuit under the Sherman Antitrust Act against - a) the New York Stock Exchange b) the Union Pacific Railroad c) the Burlington Railroad d) Northern Securities

d) Northern Securities

Teddy Roosevelt put his stamp on the presidency most clearly in the area of a) environmental regulation b) antitrust legislation c) child labor laws d) arbitration

a) environmental regulation

The federal government began the large-scale transformation of the West's landscape and economy with the passage of the - a) Expedition Act b) Hepburn Act c) Newlands Reclamation Act d) Square Deal

c) Newlands Reclamation Act

What gave federal antitrust suits precedence on the dockets of circuit courts - a) Expedition Act b) Department of Commerce and Labor c) Hepburn Act d) Pure Food and Drug Act

a) Expedition Act

disobedience

insubordination

senator who wanted to protect high tariffs

Nelson Aldrich

increased the ICC's regulatory powers

Mann-Elkins Act

business group

syndicate

Speaker of the House who appointed all committees and decided which bills they handled

Joseph G Cannon

Who was surrounded by suspicion as secretary of the interior because he tried to remove forests and mineral reserves from the public lands and make them available for private development - a) Richard A Ballinger b) Gifford Pinchot c) James R Garfield d) Nelson Aldrich

a) Richard A Ballinger

What did Taft establish to investigate and publicize child labor problems? a) Bureau of Children Services b) Bureau of Children and Family Services c) Bureau of Corporations d) Children's Bureau

d) Children's Bureau

In October 1911, Taft announced an antitrust lawsuit against - a) the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company b) the Burlington Railroad c) U.S. Steel d) Standard Oil

c) U.S. Steel

Taft was a dedicated conservationist and set up the Bureau of Mines to monitor the activities of mining companies, protect waterpower sites from private development, and a) create national seashores b) expand the national forests c) encourage hunting laws d) curb industrial pollution

b) expand the national forests

Teddy Roosevelt's program

New Nationalism

direct tax on the earnings of individuals and corporations

income tax

established the eight-hour workday for railroad workers

Adamson Act

created to monitor American business

Federal Trade Commission

Woodrow Wilson's program

New Freedom

What law reduced the average tariff on imported goods to about 30% of the value of the goods, or about half the tariff rate of the 1890s? a) Clayton Antitrust Act b) Underwood Tariff c) Keating-Owen Act d) Adamson Act

b) Underwood Tariff

To restore public confidence in the banking system, Wilson supported the establishment of a a) loan system b) gold-based currency system c) Federal Reserve system d) Federal Trade Commission

c) Federal Reserve System

In the election of 1912, Teddy Roosevelt became the presidential candidate for the newly formed - a) Progressive Party b) Independent Party c) Libertarian Party d) Populist Party

a) Progressive Party

Name the type of Progressivism for the following - | Interstate Commerce Commission

Regulation of Big Business

Name the type of Progressivism for the following - | referendum

Democracy

Name the type of Progressivism for the following - | scientific management

Efficiency

Name the type of Progressivism for the following - | Women's Christian Temperance Union

Social Welfare

cities run by people who had expertise in city services

commission plan

movement for moderation or elimination of alcohol

temperance

allowed proposed legislation to be submitted to the voters for approval

referendum

insurance fund financed by employers

workers' compensation

exposed corruption and scandal

muckraker

Progressives had a strong faith in - a) the basic goodness of humanity b) politicians to serve the people c) science and expertise d) God

c) science and expertise

Efficiency progressives believed that cities should be run by a a) city manager or commissioners b) mayor elected by the people c) mayor appointed by a party d) city council elected by the people

a) city manager or commissioners

In the case Northern Securities v. the United States, the Supreme Court ruled that Northern Securities - a) violate the Clayton Antitrust Act b) violated the Sherman Antitrust Act c) would be placed under the supervision of the Bureau of Corporations d) would be placed under the supervision of the Interstate Commerce Commission

b) violated the Sherman Antitrust Act

Alice Paul's strategy alarmed many in the suffrage movement because she wanted to a) support Woodrow Wilson b) start a women-only political party c) use protests to force suffrage d) use violence to force suffrage

c) use protests to force suffrage

Socialists believe in a) no government b) private ownership of business c) government regulation of business d) government ownership of business

d) government ownership of business

By 1920 the Interstate Commerce Commission had drifted from its original purpose and had started a) raising rates to help ensure railroads' profits b) suing railroads for competing unfairly c) imposing fees on goods transported by rail across state lines d) taking an active role in operating railroads

a) raising rates to help ensure railroads' profits

Theodore Roosevelt tried to win the Republican nomination from William Howard Taft in the 1912 election because he believed that Taft a) did not deal with trusts aggressively enough b) had failed to live up to progressive ideals c) could not defeat Woodrow Wilson d) was too slow in pushing for tariff reform

b) had failed to live up to progressive ideals

The Underwood Tariff Act included a provision for a) negotiating tariffs with other nations b) levying an income tax c) starting a new national bank d) banning tying agreements

b) levying an income tax

provided for the direct election of senators

Seventeenth Amendment

made it legal for the federal government to tax the income of individuals directly

Sixteenth Amendment

guaranteed women the right to vote

Nineteenth Amendment

"laboratory of democracy"

Wisconsin

banned the manufacture, sale and consumption of alcohol

prohibition

tried to open nearly a million acres of public land to private development

Richard A Ballinger

as governor of New Jersey, he introduced many progressive reforms

Woodrow Wilson

wrote articles criticizing Standard oil

Ida Tarbell

passed in response to The Jungle

Meat Inspection Act

investigated and publicized problems with child labor

Children's Bureau

Through scientific management, a company could become efficient by a) keeping staff to a minimum and treating the employees well b) breaking tasks down into small parts and using standardized tools c) keeping staff to a minimum and breaking tasks down into small parts d) using standardized tools and treating employees well

b) breaking tasks down into small parts and using standardized tools

Theodore Roosevelt viewed the coal miners strike against mine owners in 19902 as an example of a) groups pursuing their private interests at the expense of the nation b) workers pursuing their right to fair wages and safe working conditions c) big business abusing its power by exploiting workers d) big business exercising its right to operate without a union

a) groups pursuing their private interests at the expense of the nation

Tragedy at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company led to a) child labor laws b) standards for safe use of machines c) laws against harmful fumes d) building codes requiring fire escapes

d) building codes requiring fire escapes

The laissez-faire argument for the best way to preserve public land was to a) keep it under government control and not allow companies to use it b) keep it under government control, but allow its use for land development projects c) sell it to lumber companies, who would conserve it as a source of profits d) sell it to private individuals, who would conserve it because it belonged to them

c) sell it to lumber companies who would conserve it as a source of profits

The Payne-Aldrich Tariff a) raised tariffs significantly b) imposed new tariffs c) cut tariffs significantly d) cut tariffs hardly at all

d) cut tariffs hardly at all

Roosevelt believed that Taft's focus on breaking up trusts would - a) promote competition and lower prices for consumers b) please progressives and help the Republican party c) destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had arranged d) ruin the efficiency of business and cause prices to rise

c) destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had arranged

Wilson believed lower tariff rates would lead American companies to a) go out of business b) form trusts c) invest in foreign companies d) improve products and lower prices

d) improve products and lower prices