Chapter 24

Question 1

Adolf Hitler blamed Germany’s defeat in World War I on the -

a) weak German ruler
b) democratic form of government
c) Jews
d) Slavs

Answer 1

c) Jews

Question 2

The Nuremberg Laws -

a) took citizenship away from Jewish Germans
b) required all Jewish Germans to move to concentration camps
c) required all Jewish Germans to leave the country
d) authorized German police to shoot Jewish Germans

Answer 2

a) took citizenship away from Jewish Germans

Question 3

The Nazis’ “final solution” referred to their plans to -

a) defeat France
b) conquer Britain
c) exterminate Europe’s Jews
d) rule Europe after conquering it

Answer 3

c) exterminate Europe’s Jews

Question 4

Most of the Jewish refugees aboard the SS St Louis -

a) immigrated to the US
b) disembarked in Cuba
c) were given refuge in Mexico
d) died in the Nazis’ “final solution”

Answer 4

d) died in the Nazis’ “final solution”

Question 5

To get resources, the Japanese military invaded -

a) Taiwan
b) Korea
c) Tibet
d) Manchuria

Answer 5

d) Manchuria

Question 6

The Neutrality Act of 1935 made it illegal for -

a) American citizens to join another country’s military
b) Americans to sell arms to any country at war
c) Congress to declare war on any country
d) Americans to join the Communist or Fascist Party

Answer 6

b) Americans to sell arms to any country at war

Question 7

In the Munich Conference, Britain and France -

a) told Hitler that they would declare war if he invaded Czechoslovakia
b) gave in to Hitler’s demands for the Sudetenland
c) allowed Czechoslovakia to become a German protectorate
d) told Hitler they would declare war if he invaded Poland

Answer 7

b) gave in to Hitler’s demands for the Sudentenland

Question 8

The Nazi-Soviet nonaggression treaty contained a secret deal between Germany and the Soviet Union -

a) divide Poland between them
b) divide France between them
c) not fight each other
d) fight France and Britain

Answer 8

a) divide Poland between them

Question 9

In the Wannsee Conference, Nazi leaders -

a) planned the invasion of Poland
b) negotiated with Britain and France for the Sudetenland
c) planned the “final solution”
d) negotiated a nonaggression treaty with the Soviet Union

Answer 9

c) planned the “final solution”

Question 10

The Lend-Lease Act was Roosevelt’s way of getting arms to Britain without Britain having to -

a) pick them up
b) return them after the war
c) take out loans to pay for them
d) pay cash

Answer 10

d) pay cash

Question 11

The air battle between the German air force and the British RAF that began in June 1940 and lasted into the fall of 1940 became known as -

a) sitzkrieg
b) the Battle of Britain
c) the Munich Crisis
d) the “Miracle at Dunkirk”

Answer 11

b) the Battle of Britain

Question 12

The Nazis reserved their strongest hatred for Jews, although they also held other groups in contempt including homosexuals, the disabled, Gypsies, and -

a) brown-eyed people
b) Scandinavians
c) Slavic peoples
d) the Japanese

Answer 12

c) Slavic peoples

Question 13

Hitler’s air force was called the -

a) Wehrmacht
b) Messerschmitz
c) Gestapo
d) Luftwaffe

Answer 13

d) Luftwaffe

Question 14

The first act of Hitler which violated the treaty of Versailles was the -

a) seizure of the Sudetenland
b) rejoining of Germany and Austria
c) Beer Hall Putsch
d) rearming of the Rhineland

Answer 14

d) rearming of the Rhineland

Question 15

Hitler’s army was called the -

a) Wehrmacht
b) Messerschmitz
c) Gestapo
d) Luftwaffe

Answer 15

a) Wehrmacht

Question 16

After being trapped by the Germans in Belgium, the only port remaining open for Britain and France to evacuate their surviving troops was at -

a) Antwerp
b) Brussels
c) Dunkirk
d) Danzig

Answer 16

c) Dunkirk

Question 17

The Enabling Act -

a) made Hitler dictator of Germany
b) made Hitler head of the Nazi Party
c) brought Mussolini to power
d) allowed the German Constitution to be ignored for 4 years

Answer 17

d) allowed the German Constitution to be ignored for 4 years

Question 18

The Fascist militia that supported Mussolini was known as the ___________

Answer 18

blackshirts

Question 19

As Hitler began to claim lands for Germany, other nations followed a policy of _________, or giving in to his demands in exchange for peace. Also the policy of giving concessions in exchange for peace _______.
Same answer to both statements

Answer 19

appeasement

Question 20

Japans attack on Pearl Harbor occurred on the date _________ (month, day and year)

Answer 20

December 7, 1941

Question 21

The German attack on Poland began WWII on ______ (month, date and year)

Answer 21

September 1, 1939

Question 22

The forced rejoining of Germany and Austria was called the ______; another term for unification

Answer 22

anschluss

Question 23

The night time bombing of London by the Germans was called the _____

Answer 23

blitz

Question 24

The German attack on Poland was called “lightning war” or _______ (Hitler’s “lightening “war” was called ____?) Same answer for both statements

Answer 24

blitzkrieg

Question 25

The Axis powers at the beginning of WWII were ______, ______ and _______.

Answer 25

Germany, Italy and Japan

Question 26

The German secret police was called the ________

Answer 26

gestapo

Question 27

Hitler's autobiography, written while in prison, was name ___________

Answer 27

Meinkempf (My Struggle)

Question 28

Hitler's attempt to overthrow the government in Munich was called ________.

Answer 28

Beer Hall Putsch

Question 29

Bolshevik leader of Russia after Lenin; became the leader of Russia after Lenin

Answer 29

Josef Stalin

Question 30

Japanese Admiral who developed the plan to bomb Pearl Harbor

Answer 30

Yamamoto

Question 31

Prime Minister of Britain AFTER 1940

Answer 31

Winston Churchill

Question 32

Il Duce

Answer 32

Benito Mussolini

Question 33

der Fuhrer

Answer 33

Adolf Hitler

Question 34

President of Germany who made Hitler Chancellor; gave Hitler the title of Chancellor of Germany

Answer 34

Paul Hindenberg

Question 35

head of the German secret police

Answer 35

Heinrich Himmler

Question 36

established a fascist government in Spain after the civil war

Answer 36

Francisco Franco

Question 37

leader of the government in Vichy, France

Answer 37

Henri Petain

Question 38

Prime Minister of Britain BEFORE 1940

Answer 38

Neville Chamberlain

Question 39

What was the Maginot Line? Did it serve its purpose? Why or Why not? (5 pt)

Answer 39

The Maginot Line was a series of concrete bunkers on the French and German border. These bunkers did not stop the Germans from advancing because the Germans were able to cut through the Ardennes Forest.

Question 40

What was the Night of the Long Knives? Why do you think it occurred? (5 pt)

Answer 40

It was the night when Hitler purged all those who helped him come to power. He knew these were the only people who might could take his power away.

Question 41

Explain how Hitler's treatment of the Jews progressed from his first speeches against them to his "final solution." (10 pt)

Answer 41

The first thing Hitler did to the Jews was to take away their citizenship by issuing the Nuremberg Laws. These laws restricted Jews from being able to vote, hold public office, marry Germans, study medicine and many other things. Hitler's next step was making all Jews wear the bright yellow star of David. Once they had these, he packed Jews in tiny cities called ghettos. The biggest ghetto was called Warsaw. Once they were in these concentrated areas, Hitler would send his SS (secret service) to bring the Jews to concentration camps. Hitler's followers had a meeting to decide the "final solution" for the Jews. This decision was extermination. The Jews were then sent to extermination and death/camps.

Question 42

Explain how the treaty that ended WWI became one of the underlying causes of WWII in Europe. (10 pts)

Answer 42

The Treaty of Versailles ended WWI and became part of what led to WWII in Europe. The treaty placed full blame for WWI on Germany and Austria. The treaty also posed harsh financial repayments required by Germany which led to economic problems. Germany was also limited on how it could rebuild its military. The German people also mistrusted their government. Along with all of this, the depression hit. People were looking for a new leader and government which gave rise to the Nazi party.

Question 43

Explain how Japanese aggression in Asia and the reaction to it led to the bombing of British and America holdings in Asia. (10 pts)

Answer 43

Answer later

Question 44

What was kristallnacht? Why was it important? (5 pts)

Answer 44

Kristallnacht, literally, "Night of Crystal," is often referred to as the "Night of Broken Glass." The name refers to the wave of violent anti-Jewish actions which took place on November 9 and 10, 1938. This wave of violence took place throughout Germany, annexed Austria, and in areas of the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia recently occupied by German troops. Broken glass from the windows of synagogues, homes, and Jewish-owned businesses plundered and destroyed during the violence lined the streets. The rioters destroyed 267 synagogues throughout Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland. Many synagogues burned throughout the night in full view of the public and of local firefighters, who had received orders to intervene only to prevent flames from spreading to nearby buildings. Windows of an estimated 7,500 Jewish-owned commercial establishments were shattered and the businesses looted. Jewish cemeteries became a particular object of desecration in many regions. It was important because Kristallnacht marked the first instance in which the Nazi regime incarcerated Jews on a massive scale simply on the basis of their ethnicity. Hundreds died in the camps as a result of the brutal treatment they endured. Most did obtain release over the next three months on the condition that they begin the process of emigration from Germany. Kristallnacht would serve as a spur to the emigration of Jews from Germany in the months to come and led to more drastic measures, the Holocaust.

Question 45

Hitler's extermination of nearly 6 million Jews is called the ______

Answer 45

Holocaust

Question 46

The combined air and land force Hitler sent to Spain was called the _____

Answer 46

Condor Legion

Question 47

The largest warship ever built was the German ship, _______

Answer 47

Bismarck

Question 48

The Jews were confined in fenced off areas of cities called ______ (Jewish people were concentrated in areas of large cities called ______) Same answer to both statements

Answer 48

ghettos

Question 49

One airfield bombed in Hawaii was _______

Answer 49

Ewa

Question 50

A night of anti-Jewish violence became known as - a) blitzkrieg b) Anschluss c) Kristallnacht d) Gestapo

Answer 50

d) Kristallnacht

Question 51

Roosevelt sent destroyers to Britain in exchange for - a) cash b) a promise to pay at war's end c) U.S. bases on British-held territory d) manufactured British goods

Answer 51

c) U.S. bases on British-held territory

Question 52

One of the new political parties to rise during the political and economic chaos in Germany after World War I was the National Socialist German Workers' Party, also known as the - a) Socialist Party b) Nazi Party c) Fascist Party d) Bolshevik Party

Answer 52

b) Nazi Party

Question 53

Who was the leader of the 1936 rebellion in Spain that quickly became a civil war? a) Benito Mussolini b) Vladimir Lenin c) Francisco Franco d) Gerald M Nye

Answer 53

c) Francisco Franco

Question 54

What finally brought the United States into World War II - a) sinking of the Reuben James b) Americans' horror at the persecution of people by Nazis c) Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor d) the Atlantic Charter

Answer 54

c) Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

Question 55

Hitler's purging of those who had helped him come to power and might question his authority was called the - a) blitzkrieg b) Anschluss c) Kristallnacht d) Night of the Long Knives

Answer 55

d) Night of the Long Knives

Question 56

The force sent by Hitler to aid the Spanish rebels was called the - a) Wehrmacht b) Luftwaffe c) Condor Legion d) Gestapo

Answer 56

c) Condor Legion

Question 57

The forced rejoining of Germany and Austria was called the - a) blitzkrieg b) Anschluss c) kristallnacht d) Night of the Long Knives

Answer 57

b) Anschluss

Question 58

The attempt by Hitler and his followers to take control of the government of Munich was called the - a) Night of the Long Knives b) Beer Hall Putsch c) Munich Conference d) Night of the Broken Glass

Answer 58

b) Beer Hall Putsch

Question 59

The man Hitler named to be his successor was - a) Goring b) Himmler c) Hydrich d) Geobbels

Answer 59

a) Goring

Question 60

Hitler established a puppet government at ______, a small town outside Paris.

Answer 60

Vichy (check this answer)

Question 61

The string of concrete bunkers built along the French/German border was called the _________; also a line of concrete bunkers and fortifications built by the French along the German border

Answer 61

Maginot Line

Question 62

The Germans developed a chemical called ______ which was used in gas chambers to execute prisoners.

Answer 62

Zyklon B

Question 63

Hitler took back the _______, an area of Czechoslovakia where many people of German descent lived.

Answer 63

Sudetenland

Question 64

What name was given to the German doctor, Josef Mengele?

Answer 64

Angel of Death

Question 65

What is the German word used by Hitler for "living room"

Answer 65

lebensraum

Question 66

What is the Jewish word for the Holocaust, which means "catastrophe? Hebrew for "catastrophe" and used specifically to refer to the Holocaust

Answer 66

Shoah

Question 67

To what South American country did many Nazi war criminals escape after the war?

Answer 67

The majority to Argentina (about 5,000) 1,500 - 2,000 to Brazil 500 - 1000 to Chile others to Paraguay and Uruguay

Question 68

headed up the German puppet government near Paris

Answer 68

Henri Petain

Question 69

helped to save hundreds of Jews by hiring them to work in his factory

Answer 69

Oscar Schindler

Question 70

Germany, Italy and Japan

Answer 70

Axis Powers

Question 71

idea that a country should focus on its own problems and avoid international commitments

Answer 71

isolationism

Question 72

a kind of aggressive nationalism

Answer 72

fascism

Question 73

resource-rich province of China invaded by the Japanese army

Answer 73

Manchuria

Question 74

Who was a fervent anti-Communist and a great admirer of Benito Mussolini's leadership style a) Adolf Hitler b) Joseph Stalin c) Francisco Franco d) Vladimir Lenin

Answer 74

a) Adolf Hitler

Question 75

Many military officers in Japan were strong nationalists and believed Japan was destined to dominate - a) North America b) South America c) East Asia d) Europe

Answer 75

c) East Asia

Question 76

In 1927 the Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin began a massive effort to - a) overthrow communism b) industrialize his country c) educate the peasants d) increase trade

Answer 76

b) industrialize his country

Question 77

A Polish port with strong German roots - ____________

Answer 77

Danzig

Question 78

In late 1937, Hitler concluded that Germany would gain supplies of food, defensible frontiers, and soldiers by seizing Austria and - a) Czechoslovakia b) Poland c) Belgium d) France

Answer 78

a) Czechoslovakia

Question 79

After the fall of Poland, Hitler and his generals decided to attack - a) Belgium and Luxembourg b) Japan and China c) Norway and Denmark d) France and England

Answer 79

c) Norway and Denmark

Question 80

Girl who kept a diary of her life in hiding from the Nazis

Answer 80

Anne Frank

Question 81

Nazi extermination camp where 1,600,000 people died

Answer 81

Auschwitz

Question 82

took citizenship away from Jewish Germans and banned marriage between Jews and other Germans

Answer 82

Nuremberg Laws

Question 83

What event in 1938 marked a significant escalation in the Nazi policy of persecution against the Jews - a) Kristallnacht b) Nuremberg Laws c) Wannsee Conference d) Battle of Britain

Answer 83

a) Kristallnacht

Question 84

Few Americans wanted to raise immigration quotas, even to accommodate European - a) leaders b) trade c) peace d) refugees

Answer 84

d) refugees

Question 85

What was the name of one of the first and largest concentration camps built near the town of Weimar in 1937 - a) Wannsee b) Buchenwald c) Treblinka d) Krstallnacht

Answer 85

b) Buchenwald

Question 86

In 1942 Nazi leaders met to make plans for exterminating Europe's Jews more quickly and efficiently at - a) the Wannsee Conference b) the Munich Conference c) Nuremberg d) the Berlin Meetings

Answer 86

a) Wannsee Conference

Question 87

materials important for fighting a war

Answer 87

strategic materials

Question 88

revised to allow warring countries to buy arms from the United States on a cash-and-carry basis

Answer 88

Neutrality Act of 1939

Question 89

American destroyer torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine

Answer 89

Reuben James

Question 90

stated the United States could lend or lease arms to any country considered "vital to the defense of the United States"

Answer 90

Lend-Lease Act

Question 91

the entire western half of the Atlantic Ocean that Roosevelt declared as neutral territory

Answer 91

hemispheric defense zone

Question 92

In June 1941, in violation of the Nazi-Soviet pact, Hitler launched a massive invasion of - a) Norway b) Bulgaria c) the Soviet Union d) Czechoslovakia

Answer 92

c) the Soviet Union

Question 93

In 1941 President Roosevelt began sending lend-lease aid to - a) China b) Britain c) the Philippines d) France

Answer 93

a) China

Question 94

Roosevelt and Churchill met near Newfoundland in 1941 and agreed on the text of the - a) Export Control Act b) Neutrality Act c) Lend-Lease Act d) Atlantic Charter

Answer 94

d) Atlantic Charter

Question 95

What did Roosevelt want to build on British-controlled land that compelled him to bypass the provisions of the Neutrality Act and trade 50 old destroyers with Britain - a) new industries b) military bases c) research centers d) schools

Answer 95

b) military bases

Question 96

Unification

Answer 96

Anschluss

Question 97

period when Britain and France waited for the Germans to attack

Answer 97

sitzkrieg

Question 98

Il Duce

Answer 98

Benito Mussolini

Question 99

mass killing of millions of European Jews by the Nazis

Answer 99

Holocaust

Question 100

requirement imposed by the first two Neutrality Acts for the purchase of nonmilitary supplies from the US

Answer 100

cash and carry

Question 101

depended on radios to coordinate the large number of tanks and aircraft

Answer 101

blitzkrieg

Question 102

French fortifications along the German border

Answer 102

Maginot Line

Question 103

Two causes of the rise of dictatorships after World War I were - a) the peace treaty and economic depression b) new political ideas and economic depression c) the peace treaty and lack of strong leadership after the war d) new political ideas and lack of strong leadership after the war

Answer 103

a) the peace treaty and economic depression

Question 104

The Nye Committee report created the impression that America's entry into World War I was influenced by - a) attacks on American merchant ships b) militarism in Europe c) American arms manufacturers d) the American Communist Party

Answer 104

c) American arms manufacturers

Question 105

Claiming part of Czechoslovakia posed a problem for Hitler for all of the following reasons EXCEPT - a) the Czechs spoke several different languages b) Czechoslovakia was a democracy c) the Czechs had a strong military d) Czechoslovakia was allied with France and the Soviet Union

Answer 105

c) the Czechs had a strong military

Question 106

``` Which choice best completes the diagram - Axis Powers - Germany, Italy and a) Spain b) USSR c) Japan d) Austria ```

Answer 106

c) Japan

Question 107

The British and French realized that appeasement had failed when Hitler - a) invaded Czechoslovakia b) invaded Austria c) invaded Poland d) made demands for territory in Poland

Answer 107

d) made demands for territory in Poland

Question 108

In presenting his "Four Freedoms," Roosevelt was trying to - a) justify America's neutrality b) justify his call for speeding up America's military build-up c) shift public opinion toward entering the war d) shift public opinion toward helping Britain

Answer 108

d) shift public opinion toward helping Britain

Question 109

Describe fascism and the beliefs of its followers

Answer 109

Fascism was a kind of aggressive nationalism. Fascists believed that the nation was more important than the individual. They argued that individualism made countries weak, and that a strong government led by a dictator was needed to impose order on society. Fascists believed a nation became great by expanding its territory and building up its military. Fascism was also strongly anti-Communist.

Question 110

Describe the "Miracle at Dunkirk" and Hitler's surprising order that helped make it possible.

Answer 110

After trapping the British and French forces in Belgium, the Germans began to drive them toward the English Channel. The Germans had captured nearly all of the ports except the one at Dunkirk in northern France. As German forces closed in on Dunkirk, Hitler suddenly ordered them to stop. No one is sure why. Historians know he was nervous about risking his tank forces, and he wanted to wait until more infantry arrived. Perhaps Hitler believed Herman Goering that aircraft alone could destroy the soldiers trapped near Dunkirk. There is also some evidence that Hitler thought the British would be more willing to accept peace if the Germans did not humiliate them by destroying their forces at Dunkirk. In any case, his order provided a three-day delay. In that time, the British sent 850 ships of all sizes, some as small as sailboats operated by civilian volunteers. They were able to save an estimated 338,000 British and French soldiers, a feat referred to as the "Miracle of Dunkirk."

Question 111

believed by Hitler to be a "master race" destined to rule the world

Answer 111

Aryans

Question 112

idea that trade between nations helps to prevent war

Answer 112

internationalism

Question 113

living space

Answer 113

lebensraum

Question 114

The first area that Hitler "unified" with Germany was - a) The Sudentenland b) Czechoslovakia c) Poland d) Austria

Answer 114

d) Austria

Question 115

In the Battle of Britain - a) British troops defeated the German ground invasion b) the British sunk most of the German ships that crossed the English Channel c) the German air force destroyed the Royal Air Force d) the Royal Air Force saved Britain from invasion

Answer 115

d) the Royal Air Force saved Britain from invasion

Question 116

Describe Adolf Hitler's beliefs, including his views on different races -

Answer 116

In his book, Hitler called for the unification of all Germans under one government. He claimed that certain Germans, particularly blond, blue-eyed Germans, were descendants of a "mater-race" called Aryans. He argued that these Germans needed more lebensraum, or living space, and called for Germany to expand east into Poland and Russia. According to Hitler, the Slavic people of Eastern Europe belonged to an inferior race, which Germans should enslave. He believed that Jews were responsible for many of the world's problems. In particular, he blamed them for Germany's defeat in World War I.

Question 117

Although no consensus has been reached for why an event so horrifying as the Holocaust could have occurred, give five factors that most historians think could have contributed.

Answer 117

1. The German people's sense of injury after World War I 2. Severe economic problems 3. Hitler's grip on the German nation 4. The lack of a strong tradition of representative government in Germany 5. German fear of Hitler's secret police 6. And a long history of anti-Jewish prejudice and discrimination in Europe