Chapter 25: Amphibians, Order: Anura (frogs and toads)

Question 1

The organisms in this group are categorized how when it comes to acquiring food?

Answer 1

• carnivorous

Question 2

Their skin is composed of two layers what are they?

Answer 2

• Epidermis (soft keratin) and Dermis

Question 3

Whats the difference between frogs and toads?

Answer 3

toads are frogs! Say what??

Question 4

What organisms belong to the Family Ranidae?What of the family Bufonidae?

Answer 4

• True frogs

- True Toads

Question 5

Characteristics of True Frogs?(4)

Answer 5

• Two bulging eyes
• strong ,long ,webbed hind feet that are adapted for swimming and leaping
• smooth or slimy skin (frogs gen live in moist environments)
• They tend to lay eggs in clusters

Question 6

Characteristics of True toads?

Answer 6

• stubby bodies with short hind legs (walking)
• warty and dry skin (live in dryer climates)
• paratoid (poison) glands behind the eyes
• chest cartilage of toads is different
• lay eggs in long chains, a few give live birth

Question 7

What are the two types of glands?

Answer 7

• mucous glands that secrete mucous water proofing

- serous glands producing poison

Question 8

Skin colour is due to what?

Answer 8

• chromatophores

Question 9

Their vertebral column is not as ___ in amphibians as in fish
- Vertebral column is now what?

Answer 9

• flexible
• a rigid frame for transmitting force from hind limbs of body
• muscular system is modified to provide locomotion on land

Question 10

• Frog hearts have two separate __ and a single undivided ___.
• The blood from the body enters the heart at __ then into the right atrium
• Left atrium receives what:?
• Atria contracs ____ so blood remains separated; which is aided by what in the conus arteriosus?

Answer 10

• atria, ventricle
• sinus venosus
• blood from skin and lungs
• asynchronously, spiral valve

Question 11

The brain has become more developed than that of the fish. List the modifications (4)

Answer 11

• Cephalization increases
• Forebrain concerned with smell
• Midbrain concerned with vision
• Hindbrain with hearing and balance

Question 12

The middle ear is closed by what? containing what?

Answer 12

• tympanic membrane
• ## columella, (stapes) that transmits vibrations to inner ear and is sensitive to low freq sounds.

Question 13

What is the dominant sense?

Answer 13

• vision (rods and cones)

Question 14

How is accommodation (adjusting focus on near and distant objects) accomplished?

Answer 14

• moving the lens (same as in fish)

Question 15

At rest, adjusted for distance objects and lesn moves forward to focus on nearby objects.
What is different with fish and lamprey?

Answer 15

In fish and lamprey, eye adjusted for nearby objects and lens moves backward to focus on distance objects.

Question 16

In __ and __ the same as amphibians in which relaxed eye focused on distance objects and lens move forward to focus on nearby ones.

Answer 16

• sharks

- snakes

Question 17

For vision most mammals, birds and most reptiles (minus snakes) how does vision work?

Answer 17

-the relaxed on focuses on distant objects and changes the curvature (rounded) of the lens to focus on nearby objects.

Question 18

What is found in weed killers?

Answer 18

• Atrazine