Chapter 19: Phylum Arthropoda, Subphylum: Chelicerata, Class: Arachnida, Order: Araneae

Question 1

The body consists of an ___ cephalothorax and abdomen joined by a slender ___.

Answer 1

• unsegmented

- pedicel

Question 2

Anterior appendages are a pair of ___ with ____. (hint subphylum? hmmm)

Answer 2

• Chelicerae, terminal fangs

Question 3

There is a pair of ___ that have sensory functions and are used by males to do what?

Answer 3

• pedipalps

- transfer sperm

Question 4

Basal parts of pedipalps are used to?

Answer 4

• handle food

Question 5

There are four pairs of ____ that terminate in what?

Answer 5

• walking legs , claws

Question 6

All spiders are ____, mostly on ___.

Answer 6

• predaceous , insects

Question 7

Explain the 8 eyed elephant in the room.

Answer 7

• Front eyes are for image forming functions

- peripheral eyes are for shadow and light detection

Question 8

Injected venom ___ and ___ the tissues of prey which are then sucked into the spider’s stomach.

Answer 8

• liquifies, digests

Question 9

How do members of this order breathe?(2)

Answer 9

• book lungs and /or tracheae

Question 10

Are book lungs present in other organisms besides spiders?

Answer 10

• NO, they are unique to spiders

Question 11

Book lungs how the heck do they work? GO.

Answer 11

• Parallel air pockets extend into blood-filled chamber

- air enters chamber through a slit in body wall

Question 12

The tracheae system is __ extensive than in insects. It transports air __ to tissues. The tracheal systems of arthropods represents a case of what?

Answer 12

• less
• directly
• evolutionary convergence

Question 13

In spiders and insects, ______ serve as excretory structures.

Answer 13

• Malpighian Tubules.

Question 14

____ and other ___, and ___ are secreted into the Malpighian Tubules.

Answer 14

• Potassium, solutes, waste

Question 15

Rectal glands reabsorb the ___ and ___, leaving ___ and ___ for excretion.

Answer 15

• Potassium, water, wastes and uric acid

Question 16

What evolutionary purpose do rectal glands serve for Spiders?

Answer 16

• conservation of water to live in water deprived environments.

Question 17

Many spiders have ____ (____) at the base of their legs.

Answer 17

• coxal glands, modified nephridia

Question 18

Most spiders have _____ eyes, each with a ___, ___ and a ___. They detect ___ and may form __.

Answer 18

• 8 simple eyes, lens, optic rods and a retina

- movement, images

Question 19

On spiders what detects air currents, web vibrations and other stimuli?

Answer 19

• sensory setae

Question 20

-Spider’s vision is usually __.

Answer 20

poor

Question 21

Since spider’s vision is usually poor, awareness of their environment depends largely on what?

Answer 21

• cuticular mechanoreceptors such as sensory setae.

Question 22

The ability to _____ is critical for spiders and some other arachnids.

Answer 22

• Spin silk

Question 23

__to__ pairs of ____contain microscopic tubes that run to silk glands.

Answer 23

• 3 to 4 spinnerets

Question 24

What is secreted from the spinnerets that hardens as it is extruded from them?

Answer 24

• Scleroprotein

Question 25

The silk threads secreted by the spinnerets are very ____ and will stretch ____ before breaking.

Answer 25

- strong, considerably

Question 26

What is silk used for??(4)

Answer 26

- orb webs, linning burrows, forming egg sacs and wrapping prey up.

Question 27

Before mating, the male stores sperm where?

Answer 27

- in pedipalps

Question 28

Mating involves inserting ___ into the female ___.

Answer 28

- pedipalps, genital openings.

Question 29

A ____ is often required before the female will allow mating to commence.

Answer 29

- courtship ritual.

Question 30

Eggs may develop in a ___ in the web or may be carried by the___.

Answer 30

- cocoon, female

Question 31

Young hatch in about ___ and may ___ before leaving the cocoon.

Answer 31

- 2 weeks | - molt

Question 32

In relation to the male are females generally larger or smaller? Are they veracious?

Answer 32

- larger | - yes very

Question 33

In what way are spiders allies to humans?

Answer 33

- aid in our battle with insects

Question 34

American tarantulas __ bite and the bite is ___?.

Answer 34

rarely, not dangerous

Question 35

Is the species of black widow spiders dangerous?

Answer 35

YEP

Question 36

The species of black widow spiders venom is classified as what?

Answer 36

- Neurotoxic….(paralysis)

Question 37

The brown recluse spider has what kind of venom? | Classic symptoms aside from the obvious?

Answer 37

- Hemolytic : destroys tissue around the bite * causes necrotic lesions - chills, rash, dizziness, fatigue