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Farm Camp > Chapter 25 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Flashcards

1
Q

atrophic rhinitis

A

regressive: Bordatella bronchiseptica
progressive: Pasturella multocida

nose bleeds, upper jaw deform, tear stains, sneeze, cough

dx: signs and deform, tx with abx

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2
Q

brucellosis

A

brucella suis

ZOONOTIC

abortion, orchitis, spondylitis, metritis, temp or perm sterility, bacteremia persisting 90 days, lameness or paralysis

gotta slaughter the infected :-(

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3
Q

C. Perfringens Type C Enteritis

A

necrohemorrhagic enteriis -> hemorrhagic diarrhea, collapse and death in very young.

dx on necropsy, once diarrhea develops lesions are irreversible

vaccinate, yo

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4
Q

Enteric Colibacillosis

A

E. Coli

diarrhea! rapid dhy, acidosis, death

dx on culture

abx tx, correct fluid/electrolyte imbalances

slatted floors, prevent chillling, vac preg sows

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5
Q

Eperythrozoonosis

A

Eperythrozoon suis (rickettsial, lice)

anemia, fever, pale mucous membranes, jaundice, emaciation, staggering or paralysis, weak neonates, unthrift appearances, and reproductive failure

dx giemsa stain periph smears, e. suis attached to RBC surface

tetracyclines

prev: disposable needles, sterilize sx equip, control arthropod parasites

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6
Q

Exudative Epidermitis

A

s. areus
early: red skin, coronary band erosion, anorexia, dep. can lead to death
abx: penicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides
prev: disinfect mom and birthing environ; clip needle teeth in piglets; soft bedding; try to stop fighting

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7
Q

Glasser Dz

A

Haemophilus parasuis

maybe: Haemophilus parainfluenzae;stress predisposes pigs to dz, Mycoplasma hyorhinis may be the cause in younger pigs

fever! 104-107, difficult breathe, cough, some dev lameness assoc with tender swollen and warm joints

presumpt: hx and signs definitive: culture CSF cardiac blood or joints

abx

prev by reducing stress or maybe feeding meds in food or water during high stress times

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8
Q

Lepto

A

Leptospira pomonasMEDI and L. bratislava

ZOONOTIC

abortion; SMEDI (stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death, infertility)

chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline

prev: annual vaccinations, confinement rearing, rodent control programs, fencing to prevent contact with contaminated water, and purchase of seronegative stock

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9
Q

Mycoplasmal Pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

persistent dry cough, sporadic dyspnea, high incidence of lung lesions in slaughtered hogs and death, dec growth rates and feed efficiency

prev: adeq ventil, reduce crowding, all in/all out management, vaccs

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10
Q

pleuropneumonia

A

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

cyanotic extremities, thumps (abdominal breathing), open mouth breathing with blood stained frothy nasal and oral discharge, fever up to 107, abortion, fatal infections, death

tentative dx rapid onset signs and lesions found on necropsy. definitive culture

tx systemic abx, don’t wanna eat or drink

depopulation, early segregated weaning, all in/all out management, improved ventilation, and reduced stocking rates. If the herd is already APP free, new pigs should be purchased from other APP-free herds

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11
Q

Streptococcal infections

A

S. suis. D, C, L E

reddened patches of skin, enlarged lymph nodes, thickened joint capsules, congestion, edema, excess clear or cloudy cerebrospinal fluid, and bronchopneumonia

isolate and identify causative agent

abx feed/water or systemic. penicillin tends to inactivate in feed

prev: reducing slurry gases, reducing overcrowding, and preventing introductions of carrier pigs

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12
Q

swine dysentery

A

Serpulina hyodysenteriae

mucoid diarrhea with flecks of blood and mucus that develops into a watery mucohemorrhagic diarrhea. soft shit, dhy, anorexia, weak, gaunt

presumptive dx on signs and necrospy, must isolate for definitive

water abx

improve sanitation and eliminate rodents. partial or total depop

prev: buy pathogen free stock

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13
Q

Swine Erysipelas

A

: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

no milk prod, abortion, skin discoloration leading to lesions, death. fever, lame. Lesions become diamond shaped if untreated

acute = signs, chronic or endocarditic = necropsy

penicillin, ceftiofur, tetracyclines. acute, also antiserum

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14
Q

Hog Cholera

A

pestivirus group of the family Flaviviridae

REPORTABLE

poor repro performance, piglets born with neuro dz. Severe virulent dec appetite fever constipation….2-6 day incubation, die 10-20 days after infection

virologic tests, ag detection, virus isolation, nucleic acid detection, serologic testing

report! herd slaughter. vaccs avail

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15
Q

Porcine Parvovirus

A

***porcine parvovirus

fetus mummification if before 70 days and stillbirth. does not affect endometrial tissues so does not cause abortion.

flourescent ab testing mummies

vaccinate please***

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16
Q

Porcine Reproductive andRespiratory Syndrome

A

enveloped virus that belongs to the Arteriviridae group of viruses

inc preweaning mortality, thumps, clinical signs of pneumonia upon necropsy. high repro losses, decrease daily gains significantly.

presumptive on signs, definitive on serologic tests

purchase animals that do not have it and vaccinate

17
Q

Pseudorabies

A

enveloped DNA herpesvirus. nose-nose, feco-oral, aerosol transmission

resp dz main sign in weaned piglets, piglets also get tremors and paddling. swine of any age can get anorexia and fever

virus isolation, fluor ab test, serologic testing

symptomatic care

vacs, test and cull programs, segregate weaning

18
Q

Swine Influenza

A

orthomyxovirus of the influenza A group

outbreaks in north america common in fall or winter

fever p to 108, trouble breathing, mucous discharge eyes and nose

dx acute signs, def: virus isolation or demo virus specific ab

Prevention/control: reducing stress levels, especially due to overcrowding, reducing dust, vaccination, use of all in/all out management, and strict import regulations

19
Q

Transmissible Gastroenteritis

A

Coronavirus

aerosol and pig to pig

v, osmotic diarrhea, hy, death up to 100% and abortions

dx on signs

Prevention: vaccination, increasing farrowing room temperatures, all in/all out management, and good sanitation

20
Q

name a regularly diagnosed problem in piglets

A

anemia. present 1-2 wks, The signs include difficulty breathing, roughened hair coat, and poor growth. IM or oral iron supp. mom milk lacks iron

21
Q

PSE, malignant hyperthermia, and PSS

A

Pale soft exudative pork (PSE): Animals with the Hal gene produce inferior quality meat that is pale (grayish), soft, and watery, which devalue the carcass. These changes occur after death of the animal, due to an abnormally rapid fall in pH in the muscle cells that damages the cell membrane and allows water to leak freely out of the cells. PSE affects a large percentage of animals that are homozygous for the Hal gene as well as many animals that carry the gene as heterozygotes.

  1. Malignant hyperthermia: This is a drug-induced phenomenon characterized by muscle rigidity; tachycardia; tachypnea; metabolic acidosis; and a rapid, extreme, progressive rise in body temperature. Cardiovascular collapse and death usually occur. The condition may be triggered by halothane gas or by some of the neuromuscular blocking agents.
  2. PSS: This is an acute manifestation that requires a stressful “trigger” to initiate clinical signs. Physical stressors such as restraint, exertion, fighting, breeding, parturition, veterinary procedures, fighting, transportation, overcrowding, and high environmental temperatures may initiate a sudden attack of dyspnea and open-mouth breathing,
22
Q

how to tx and prevent malignant hypertherm and PSS

Rickets

A

IV dantrolene (skeletal muscle relaxant)

caused by a lack of calcium, phosphorus, or vitamin D in the diet. Ca-P ration extremely important signs incl slower than normal growth rates, crocked legs

23
Q

Parakeratosis

suture than can prevent prolapse reoccurence

A

metabolic, d/t Zn deficiency. more severe when Ca levels are high. Rough, scaly skin. Prev by balance Zn and Ca in diet

Buhner retention suture

Farm Camp (12 decks)

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