Chapter 22

Question 1

swine classification

Answer 1

suidae, sus, vittatus

Question 2

sow boar barrow

Answer 2

intact mature female intact mature male male castrated before puberty

Question 3

stag males gilt farrowing

Answer 3

castrated after puberty immature female, before birth of first litter parturition

Question 4

piglet shoat pig

Answer 4

very young and small, generally fr birth to weaning intact male before puberty, sometimes synon with pig young swine

Question 5

hog Swine TPR

Answer 5

large swine > 120 lb, preferred by commercial swine producer regardless of sz 101-103.5 F, 60-90 bpm, 10-24 breaths/min for newborn: 200-280 bpm and up to 50 breaths/min

Question 6

Answer 6

American Landrace

mothering ability, large litters

White, long-bodied large ears the lop forward and down.

Question 7

Answer 7

Berkshire
•Medium size, black with six white points, ears are erect

Question 8

Answer 8

Chester White

Known for its mothering ability, Maternal breed

Originated in Chester County, PA, White breed, ears droop forward

Question 9

Answer 9

Duroc

One of most popular breeds in the United States.

New Jersey/New York breed- Red color, ears droop forward, good mothering ability, growth rate and feed conversion.

Question 10

Answer 10

Hampshire

•The Hampshire has a white belt that includes the forelegs.

•Black with white belt, erect ears, rustling (foraging ability) muscle and carcass leaness.

Question 11

Answer 11

Hereford

•Missouri, Iowa and nebraska breed. Red with white face. Ears forward and drooping

Question 12

Answer 12

Poland China

•Ohio, is black with six white points, forward drooping ears. A terminal breed.

Question 13

Answer 13

spotted swine

• Indiana- Black and white with forward drooping ears. A terminal breed
• Many producers will refer to Spotted Swine as “Spots”

Question 14

Answer 14

tamworth

Sows are good mothers.

Originated in Ireland. Red with shades varying from light to dark. Ears are erect.

Question 15

Answer 15

Yorkshire

Maternal.

• Large litters, high feed efficiency, rapid growth, good mothering ability and long carcasses. Maternal breed
• Originating in England
• Ears are erect, face sightly dished

Question 16

potbellied pigs

identify this pig

breeding info pigs

Answer 16

•No more than 95 pounds and no higher than 18 inches. Typically bed. 50% abandoned or sent to another home in first year of life :(

pietrain pig

polyestrus

Question 17

swine producer goalz

signs of estrus in swine

when do swine enter estrus

Answer 17

•Swine producers should strive to wean 21 to 22 pigs per sow per year. This equates to weaning 9 or more piglets per litter and trying to keep death losses to less than 10%.

include frequent mounting by other sows, restless activity, swelling of the vulva, discharge from the vulva, frequent urination, decreased appetite, occasional loud grunting, and a lordosis response during male mounting or when back pressure is applied, resulting in a rigid stance and erect ears. (Called Popping of the ears)

4 to 10 days after the piglets are weaned

Question 18

semen collection

clinical signs impending parturition

savaging

Answer 18

corkscrew shaped penis. electroejac NOT rec. ejac releases large amounts of sperm–easy to deplete epididymus. EOD rec’d. 1-2 billion sperm per dose recc’d. Melrose cath–spiral tip insemination pipette

most farrow @ nite. noticable restlessness within 24h, nest building, pawing at ground if no material avail, may lie down, cyclically nest and rest…vocalization, defend nesting area, within 1h lie quietly in lateral recumb

mom kills and eats one or more piglets as born

Question 19

most common causes of death in neonatal pd

dystocia

teat order

Answer 19

being crushed by the sow, starvation from failure to adequately nurse, and chilling (hypothermia) (sparse hair)

uncommon; more likely when small litter because each piglet is bigger. normal farrowing is 16min, 30min or more tends to be assoc with dystocia!

established in first several days. larger and stronger piglets dominate preferred cranial teats, which are easier to access and produce more milk. should reach a teat within 5min of birth

Question 20

orphans

dental formulas

grinding feeds

Answer 20

• whole cow milk or commercial sow milk replacer
• feed q 2-3h for first 2-3 days
• 100 F milk
• prestarter or creep feed @ 1 week

Deciduous Dental Formula: 2(I3/3 C1/1 PM3/3) = 28
Total Permanent Dental Formula: 2(I3/3 C1/1 PM4/4 M3/3)

increases feed efficiency but if ground too finely can create digestive problems. Weaned at 3-5 wks