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Farm Camp > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Classification

A

Animal Chordata Mammalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Bos Tarus Indicus

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2
Q

Cow
bull
steer

A

Mature female
mature male
castrated male

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3
Q

Heifer
Calf
Calving

A

Immature female

Neonate (heifer/bull calf

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4
Q

Normal TPR cow

A

100-102.5°
60-80 BPM
20-40 breaths per minute

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5
Q

American Salers

A

Noted for ease of calving and good maternal ability

Central France- horned breed, deep mahogany red

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6
Q

Angus (Aberdeen-Angus- Scotland origin)

A

Are black, smooth hair and polled. Alert and vigorous. Registered purebred Angus cattle are black.

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7
Q

Beefmaster

A

Known for good disposition, fertility, gain, conformation, hardiness, and milk production.

Origin: Texas- Variety of colors, some horned, some polled, some droopy ears, some not.

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8
Q

Brahman

A

Used for crossing

Southwest USA- light gray to black, drooping ears, loose hide, pendulous sheath and hump over shoulder

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9
Q

Brangus

A

Brahma x angus

Good moms, good feed efficiency, and produce desirable carcasses.

Drooping ears, solid black, polled, small hump, adapt well to different climates.

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10
Q

Charolais

A

High feed efficiency well adapted

French breed-white to light straw, large heavy muscled, horns white slender

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11
Q

Chianina

A

Largest breed of cattle. Good foragers, good mothers, high tolerance to disease and insects.

Italy: white with black switch, skin pigment black, high heat tolerance and gental disposition.

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12
Q

Horned and polled Herefords

A

Superior foraging, vigor and hardiness in calving

Origin- England-white faces and red bodies, white on dewlap and underline and flank. They are polled or horned, gentle nature and easily handled.

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13
Q

Limousin

A

Carcass leanness and large loin area

Origin- France, mahogany red to gold color, skin free of pigmentation. Small, short head, short neck

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14
Q

Red Angus

A

Good carcass producers, tolerate high heat temperatures

US origin

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15
Q

Santa Gertrudis

A

Desirable carcasses with little waste fat. Resist diseases and insects.

Origin- Texas- Brahma x Shorthorn- Cherry red w/occasional white marking, droopy ears, loose skin, horned or polled.

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16
Q

Shorthorn

A

Good mothers with excellent milking ability. Desirable carcass

Origin: England- red, white or roan, small horns, easily handled good disposition.

17
Q

Simmental

A

Rapid growth, little fat, adaptable.

Origin: Switzerland, red and white, yellow and white, gray and white, solid, or black and white. Horned breed, large bodied and docile.

18
Q

Texas Longhorn

A

Long legs, high fertility, resistant to many diseases, and parasites, adapt well, survive on sparse rangeland, easy calving, hardiness

Origin: Spain, many shades and combinations of colors. Horns up to 4 feet spreads.

19
Q

Ayrshire

A

vigorous, strong and excellent grazers. 3rd in milk production, 4% mild fat-ranked 4th in milk fat

Origin- Scotland, shades of cherry red, horned, straight lines and well balanced udders, attached high

20
Q

Brown Swiss

A

2nd in milk production, 3rd in milk fat with 4.19%

Origin: Switzerland- solid brown. Horned, large frames, heifers mature slowly, quiet docile temperament.

21
Q

Guernsey

A

2nd in milk fat at 5%, 4th in mild production, Produce golden milk

Origin: Isle of Guernsey- English Channel any shade of fawn, skin is yellow. Medium, small and yellow at the base, gentle behavior

22
Q

Holstein Friesian

A

1st in milk production 5th in milk fat with 3.5%. Excellent grazing ability and large feed capacity, adaptable.

Origin: Netherlands- black and white, horned, largest of dairy breeds.

23
Q

Jersey

A

smallest of dairy cattle breeds. 1st in milk fat 5.4% ; 5th in milk production

Horned, medium length, excellent grazing ability

Origin: isle of Jersey: cream, light fawn or almost black

24
Q

optimal breeding time and litter size

most common form semen collection bovine

breeding

A

12h after standing heat

1-2

electroejaculation

live cover or artificial insemination

25
Q

things often used to tx uterine infections in bovine

A

uterine lavage and infusion

26
Q

clinical signs of impending parturition bovine

A
  1. Softening of muscles and ligaments of the hindquarters and tail head 24-48 hours prior to labor
  2. Separate from herd
  3. Slight fall in rectal body temperature 54 hours prior
27
Q

leading causes of mortality in first 3 days of life

how can you stimulate neonate breathing? normal pulse/temp

A

starvation and hypothermia

sternal recumbency, rubbing briskly with towels. 90-100 bpm; 100-102 degrees

28
Q

how soon nurse neonate, and how much

what is essential for natural passive transfer of ab

A

1-2h (10-15% BW in colostrum within first 12-24h)

colostrum ingestion and absorption. SG 1.050 (IgG sufficient)

29
Q

1 cause of sick neonate

hypoglycemia

meconium

A

can develop within 6h. If 60 is life threatening

first feces. usually dark, should be passed within 1st 24h of life–alert vet if not

failure of passive immunity

30
Q

neonatal septicemia tx

most common cause of death in calves

zoonotic etiological agents of diarrhea

A

IX fluids, parenteral nutrition, resp support, recumbent issues management, tx fpt, broad spec abx poss

dhy & metabolic acidosis

Cryptosporidia & salmonella

31
Q

calf pneumonia

cattle nutrition

dental fact

rumen pH

A

common calves > 4 wks. caused by management and infectious agents (incl mycoplasma) high morbidity, some mortality

ruminants -> herbivores, can convert cellulose into meat products for humans

no upper incisors

6.2-7.2 ideal; responsible for microbial digestion w/ bacteria and protzoans; become acidic if fed lots of grain

32
Q

water

Deciduous dental formula

Permanent dental formula

A

ad lib, 10-14 gallons daily. Dairy: 3-5 gallons water -> 1 gallon of milk

Deciduous: Dental Formula: 2(I0/3 C0/1* PM3/3) = 20 Total

Permanent: Dental Formula: 2(I0/3 C0/1* PM3/3 M3/3) = 32 Total

Farm Camp (12 decks)

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