Chapter 24 Special Senses: Study Guide Exam (by Liz)

Question 1

Formation of the Retinal Image

Answer 1

The cornea, aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body are the refracting media of the eye.

Question 2

Formation of the Retinal Image

Answer 2

An increase in the curvature of the lens is needed to achieve the greater refraction needed for near vision.

Question 3

Strabismus

Answer 3

Is abnormal convergence

Question 4

Cones

How many types of cones are present in the retina?

Answer 4

Three

Question 5

Cones

Blue-sensitive cones

Answer 5

Are often called S cones (for “short”wavelengths).

Question 6

Cones

Green-sensitive cones

Answer 6

Are often called M cones for “medium” wavelengths.

Question 7

Cones

Red-sensitive cones

Answer 7

Are called L cones for “long” wavelengths.

Question 8

Olfactory Receptors

Olfactory cells are

Answer 8

Chemoreceptors

Question 9

Taste Buds

Fungiform papillae:

Answer 9

Large, mushroom-shaped bumps found in the anterior two thirds of the tongue.

Question 10

Taste Buds

Foliage papillae:

Answer 10

Are red, leaflike ridges of mucosa on the lateral edges of the posterior tongue surface.

Question 11

Taste Buds

Filiform papillae:

Answer 11

are bumps with tiny, threadlike-projections; these papillae are scattered among the fungiform papillae. They do not contain taste buds, but rather allow us to experience food texture and “feel”.

Question 12

Taste Buds

Chemoreceptors:

Answer 12

Are stimulated by chemicals dissolved in the saliva

Question 13

Taste Buds

The five sensations are:

Answer 13

Sour, sweet, bitter, umami, and salty (and perhaps others, such as metallic).

Question 14

Neural Pathway for Taste

Nerve Impulses:

Answer 14

Nerve impulses from the anterior two thirds of the tongue travel over the facial nerve

Question 15

Ear

The Middle Ear has three auditory ossicles( tiny bones):

Answer 15

Malleus (hammer)
Incus (anvil)
Stapes (stirrup)

Question 16

External Ear

Malleus:

Answer 16

The malleus is attached to the inner surface of the tympanic membrane.

Question 17

Middle Ear

What are the openings of the middle ear cavity?

Answer 17

~Opening from the external acoustic meatus is covered with TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.
~Oval Window: stapes fits into this opening
~Round Window: Covered by a membrane
~Opening into the auditory (Eustachian) tube

Question 18

Inner Ear

Cochlea:

Answer 18

Involved with hearing

Question 19

The body labyrinth is made up of the:

Answer 19

Vestibule, cochlea, and semicircular canals.

Question 20

The endolymph is a:

Answer 20

Clear, potassium-rich fluid filling the membranous labyrinth.