A&P Quiz #1: Study Guide Questions from Chapters 19, 20, and 21 Flashcards
- Compared with the inside of the cell, the outside of most cell membranes is:
a. positive.
b. negative.
c. equal.
d. none of the above.
- a. positive.
p. 413
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- The difference in electrical charge across a plasma membrane is called:
a. depolarization.
b. membrane potential.
c. both a and b.
d. none of the above.
- b. membrane potential.
p. 413
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- A neuron’s resting membrane potential is:
a. 70 mV.
b. –70 mV.
c. 30 mV.
d. –30 mV.
- b. –70 mV.
p. 413
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- Which of the following statements is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
a. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every two potassium ions pumped into the neuron.
b. Two sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three potassium ions pumped into the neuron.
c. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three chloride ions pumped into the neuron.
d. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every three potassium ions pumped into the neuron.
- a. Three sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron for every two potassium ions pumped into the neuron.
p. 414
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- During a relative refractory period:
a. an action potential is impossible.
b. an action potential is possible only in response to a very strong stimuli.
c. an action potential is occurring.
d. none of the above.
- b. an action potential is possible only in response to a very strong stimuli.
p. 417
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- Voltage-gated channels are:
a. membrane channels that close during voltage fluctuations.
b. ion channels that open in response to voltage fluctuations.
c. membrane channels that are altered from an extremely high stimulus.
d. none of the above.
- b. ion channels that open in response to voltage fluctuations.
p. 415
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- When current leaps across an insulating myelin sheath from node of Ranvier to node of Ranvier, the type of impulse conduction is:
a. repolarization.
b. refraction.
c. saltatory conduction.
d. diffusion.
- c. saltatory conduction.
p. 418
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- The larger the diameter of a nerve fiber:
a. the slower the speed of conduction.
b. the faster the speed of conduction.
c. Fiber diameter does not influence speed of conduction.
d. the more the speed fluctuates.
- b. the faster the speed of conduction.
p. 418
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- Which of the following structures is not a main component of a chemical synapse?
a. synaptic knob
b. synaptic cleft
c. synaptic process
d. plasma membrane of postsynaptic neuron
- c. synaptic process
p. 419
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- A synaptic knob is located on the:
a. synaptic cleft.
b. axon.
c. dendrite.
d. cell body.
- b. axon.
p. 419
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- Which of the following is true of spatial summation?
a. Neurotransmitters released simultaneously from several presynaptic knobs converge on one postsynaptic neuron.
b. Simultaneous stimulation of more than one postsynaptic neuron occurs.
c. Impulses are fired in a rapid succession by the same neuron.
d. Speed of impulse transmission is increased when several neurotransmitters are released.
- a. Neurotransmitters released simultaneously from several presynaptic knobs converge on one postsynaptic neuron.
p. 422
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to:
a. presynaptic terminals.
b. the synaptic cleft.
c. the base of the axon.
d. receptors on the postsynaptic terminal.
- d. receptors on the postsynaptic terminal.
p. 424
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- The main chemical classes of neurotransmitters include all of the following except:
a. acetylcholine.
b. norepinephrine.
c. amino acids.
d. amines.
- b. norepinephrine.
p. 425
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- Which of the following is not an example of an amine neurotransmitter?
a. serotonin
b. histamine
c. glycine
d. dopamine
- c. glycine
p. 425
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- Severe depression can be caused by a deficit in which of the following neurotransmitters?
a. acetylcholine
b. amino acids
c. amines
d. neuropeptides
- c. amines
p. 428
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- Which of the following is not a catecholamine?
a. epinephrine
b. norepinephrine
c. dopamine
d. serotonin
- d. serotonin
p. 425
Chapter 19: Nerve Signaling
- From superficial to deep, which is the correct order of location of the meninges?
a. dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater
b. pia mater, arachnoid membrane, dura mater
c. arachnoid membrane, pia mater, dura mater
d. dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid membrane
- a. dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater
p. 437
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- The falx cerebri separates the:
a. two hemispheres of the cerebellum.
b. cerebellum from the cerebrum.
c. two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
d. dura mater from the arachnoid.
- c. two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
p. 437
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- The cerebrospinal fluid resides in the:
a. epidural space.
b. subarachnoid space.
c. subdural space.
d. piarachnoid space.
- b. subarachnoid space.
p. 439
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- The layer of the meninges that serves as the inner periosteum of the cranial bones is the:
a. pia mater.
b. arachnoid membrane.
c. dura mater.
- c. dura mater.
p. 437
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- Formation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs mainly in the:
a. cerebral aqueduct.
b. superior sagittal sinus.
c. choroid plexuses.
d. median foramen.
- c. choroid plexuses.
p. 439
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- The lateral ventricles are located within the:
a. cerebrum.
b. cerebellum.
c. spinal cord.
d. none of the above.
- a. cerebrum.
p. 439
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- CSF is absorbed into the venous blood via the:
a. cisterna magna.
b. choroid plexus.
c. falx cerebri.
d. arachnoid villus.
- d. arachnoid villus.
p. 440
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- CSF is not found in the:
a. central canal.
b. subarachnoid space.
c. third ventricle.
d. subdural space.
- d. subdural space.
p. 439
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ transmits impulses of crude touch and pressure
a. lateral spinothalamic tract
b. anterior spinothalamic tract
c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
d. spinocerebellar tract
- b. anterior spinothalamic tract
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ transmits impulses of subconscious kinesthesia
a. lateral spinothalamic tract
b. anterior spinothalamic tract
c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
d. spinocerebellar tract
- d. spinocerebellar tract
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ transmits impulses of crude touch, pain, and temperature
a. lateral spinothalamic tract
b. anterior spinothalamic tract
c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
d. spinocerebellar tract
- a. lateral spinothalamic tract
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ transmits impulses of discriminating touch and kinesthesia
a. lateral spinothalamic tract
b. anterior spinothalamic tract
c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
d. spinocerebellar tract
- c. fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ transmits impulses that control voluntary movement of muscles on the same side of the body
a. lateral corticospinal tract
b. anterior corticospinal tract
c. reticulospinal tract
d. tectospinal tract
e. rubrospinal tract
- b. anterior corticospinal tract
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ facilitates head and neck movement related to visual reflexes
a. lateral corticospinal tract
b. anterior corticospinal tract
c. reticulospinal tract
d. tectospinal tract
e. rubrospinal tract
- d. tectospinal tract
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ helps maintain posture during skeletal muscle movements
a. lateral corticospinal tract
b. anterior corticospinal tract
c. reticulospinal tract
d. tectospinal tract
e. rubrospinal tract
- c. reticulospinal tract
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ transmits impulses that control voluntary movement of muscles on the opposite side of the body
a. lateral corticospinal tract
b. anterior corticospinal tract
c. reticulospinal tract
d. tectospinal tract
e. rubrospinal tract
- a. lateral corticospinal tract
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous
- ______ transmits impulses that coordinate body movements and maintenance of posture
a. lateral corticospinal tract
b. anterior corticospinal tract
c. reticulospinal tract
d. tectospinal tract
e. rubrospinal tract
- e. rubrospinal tract
p. 444
Chapter 20: Central Nervous