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xxx Term 2: BIO 202.2 Human A&P II > A&P Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation > Flashcards

A&P Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation Flashcards

1
Q
  1. The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are:
    a. hormones.
    b. neurotransmitters.
    c. target tissues.
    d. target organs.
A
  1. a. hormones.
    p. 562

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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2
Q
  1. Which of the following statements is true of the endocrine system?
    a. The cells secreting the chemical messengers are called neurons.
    b. The distance traveled by the chemical messengers is short (across a microscopic synapse).
    c. Its effects are slow to appear, yet long-lasting.
    d. None of the above.
A
  1. c. Its effects are slow to appear, yet long-lasting.
    p. 563

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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3
Q
  1. Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?
    a. pineal
    b. placenta
    c. parathyroid
    d. intestines
A
  1. d. intestines
    p. 564

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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4
Q
  1. The neuroendocrine system performs all of the following functions except:
    a. communication.
    b. control.
    c. conduction.
    d. integration.
A
  1. c. conduction.
    p. 563

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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5
Q
  1. The many hormones secreted by endocrine tissues can be classified simply as:
    a. steroid or nonsteroid hormones.
    b. anabolic or catabolic hormones.
    c. sex or nonsex hormones.
    d. tropic or hypotropic hormones.
A
  1. a. steroid or nonsteroid hormones.
    p. 564

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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6
Q
  1. Nonsteroid hormones include:
    a. proteins.
    b. peptides.
    c. glycoproteins.
    d. all of the above.
A
  1. d. all of the above.
    p. 564

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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7
Q
  1. Anabolic hormones:
    a. target other endocrine glands and stimulate their growth and secretion.
    b. target reproductive tissue.
    c. stimulate anabolism in their target cells.
    d. stimulate catabolism in their target cells.
A
  1. c. stimulate anabolism in their target cells.
    p. 564

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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8
Q
  1. The second messenger often involved in nonsteroid hormone action is:
    a. cAMP.
    b. mRNA.
    c. ATP.
    d. GTP.
A
  1. a. cAMP.
    p. 568

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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9
Q
  1. The control of hormone secretion is:
    a. usually part of a negative feedback loop.
    b. rarely part of a positive feedback loop.
    c. both a and b.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. both a and b.
    pp. 569 and 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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10
Q
  1. When a small amount of hormone allows a second hormone to have its full effect on a target cell, the phenomenon is called:
    a. synergism.
    b. permissiveness.
    c. antagonism.
    d. combination.
A
  1. b. permissiveness.
    p. 567

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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11
Q
  1. ______ The nervous system functions at a much greater speed than the endocrine system.

True and False

A
  1. True
    p. 563

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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12
Q
  1. ______ The most widely used method of hormone classification is by chemical structure.

True and False

A
  1. True
    p. 564

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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13
Q
  1. ______ Steroid hormone receptors are usually attached in the plasma membrane of a target cell.

True and False

A
  1. False
    p. 567

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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14
Q
  1. ______ Production of too much hormone of a diseased gland is termed hyposecretion.

True and False

A
  1. False
    p. 574

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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15
Q
  1. ______ Input from the nervous system influences secretion of hormones.

True and False

A
  1. True
    p. 571

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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16
Q
  1. ______ Binds to specific plasma membrane receptor
    a. Steroid hormone
    b. Nonsteroid hormone
A
  1. b. Nonsteroid hormone
    p. 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

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17
Q
  1. ______ Response time is usually 1 hour to several days
    a. Steroid hormone
    b. Nonsteroid hormone
A
  1. a. Steroid hormone
    p. 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

18
Q
  1. ______ Receptor is mobile in the cytoplasm or nucleus
    a. Steroid hormone
    b. Nonsteroid hormone
A
  1. a. Steroid hormone
    p. 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

19
Q
  1. ______ Lipid
    a. Steroid hormone
    b. Nonsteroid hormone
A
  1. a. Steroid hormone
    p. 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

20
Q
  1. ______ Regulates gene activity
    a. Steroid hormone
    b. Nonsteroid hormone
A
  1. a. Steroid hormone
    p. 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

21
Q
  1. ______ Stored in secretory vesicles before release
    a. Steroid hormone
    b. Nonsteroid hormone
A
  1. b. Nonsteroid hormone
    p. 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

22
Q
  1. ______ One or more amino acids
    a. Steroid hormone
    b. Nonsteroid hormone
A
  1. b. Nonsteroid hormone
    p. 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

23
Q
  1. ______ Response time is usually several seconds to a few minutes
    a. Steroid hormone
    b. Nonsteroid hormone
A
  1. b. Nonsteroid hormone
    pp. 569 and 570

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

24
Q
  1. Eicosanoids are referred to as:
    a. growth hormones.
    b. tissue hormones.
    c. target cells.
    d. thyroxins.
A
  1. b. tissue hormones.
    p. 572

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

25
Q
  1. Which of the following is false?
    a. Eicosanoids tend to integrate activities of neighboring cells.
    b. The first prostaglandin was discovered in semen.
    c. Aspirin produces some of its effects by increasing PGE synthesis.
    d. PGFs have been used to induce labor and accelerate delivery of a baby.
A
  1. c. Aspirin produces some of its effects by increasing PGE synthesis.
    p. 573

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

26
Q

Applying What You Know!

  1. India was pregnant and was 2 weeks past her due date. Her doctor suggested that she enter the hospital and he would induce labor.

What local hormone might he give India to encourage labor?

A
  1. Prostaglandin F (PGF)

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

27
Q

Applying What You Know!

  1. Susie suffered a severe sprain while playing volleyball one day. She noticed her leg was swollen, red, warm to the touch, and very painful. X-rays indicated that there was no fracture, but, nonetheless, she was extremely uncomfortable. After reviewing the x-rays and lab reports, the doctor sent her home with instructions and suggested that she simply take aspirin for pain.

Why did he make this recommendation for pain?

A
  1. In the presence of an injury, prostaglandins may be synthesized and released into surrounding tissue fluid. They may serve as an inflammatory agent and may cause swelling, redness, and pain. Aspirin is a COX inhibitor that reduces the effect of prostaglandins in the body.

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

28
Q
  1. Endocrine target cells must have the appropriate receptor to be influenced by the signaling chemical—a process called (signal transduction or signal induction).
A
  1. signal—transduction
    p. 563

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

29
Q
  1. If too little hormone is produced, the condition is called (hypersecretion or hyposecretion).
A
  1. hyposecretion
    p. 575

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

30
Q
  1. Many nonsteroid hormones seem to use cAMP as the (first messenger or second messenger).
A
  1. second messenger
    p. 568

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

31
Q
  1. Some hormones produce their effects by triggering the opening of (calcium or potassium) channels.
A
  1. calcium
    p. 569

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

32
Q
  1. The (pituitary or parathyroids) regulate(s) the thyroid by producing thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
A
  1. pituitary

p. 570

33
Q
  1. ______ blood regulator important in blood clotting
    a. tissue hormone
    b. eicosanoids
    c. ibuprofen
    d. thromboxane
    e. leukotrienes
A
  1. d. thromboxane
    p. 574

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

34
Q
  1. ______ immunity regulator
    a. tissue hormone
    b. eicosanoids
    c. ibuprofen
    d. thromboxane
    e. leukotrienes
A
  1. e. leukotrienes
    p. 574

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

35
Q
  1. ______ local hormone
    a. tissue hormone
    b. eicosanoids
    c. ibuprofen
    d. thromboxane
    e. leukotrienes
A
  1. a. tissue hormone
    p. 573

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

36
Q
  1. ______ lipid molecules
    a. tissue hormone
    b. eicosanoids
    c. ibuprofen
    d. thromboxane
    e. leukotrienes
A
  1. b. eicosanoids
    p. 572

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

37
Q
  1. ______ inhibits PGE synthesis
    a. tissue hormone
    b. eicosanoids
    c. ibuprofen
    d. thromboxane
    e. leukotrienes
A
  1. c. ibuprofen
    p. 573

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

38
Q
  1. If norepinephrine diffuses into the blood and then binds to an adrenergic receptor in a distant target cell, it is known as a:
    a. hormone.
    b. neurotransmitter.
    c. second messenger.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. a. hormone.
    p. 563

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

39
Q
  1. All steroid hormones are derived from which common molecule?
    a. amino acid
    b. peptide
    c. cholesterol
    d. protein
A
  1. c. cholesterol
    p. 564

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

40
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a peptide?
    a. antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
    b. oxytocin (OT)
    c. melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
    d. testosterone
A
  1. d. testosterone
    p. 564

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

41
Q
  1. Combinations of hormones will have a greater effect on a target cell than the sum of the effects that each would have if acting alone. This phenomenon is called:
    a. permissiveness.
    b. synergism.
    c. antagonism.
    d. transduction.
A
  1. b. synergism.
    p. 567

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

42
Q
  1. The target cell concept is an example of the _______ model of chemical reactions.
    a. lock-and-key
    b. signal transduction
    c. mobile-receptor
    d. nuclear-receptor
A
  1. a. lock-and-key
    p. 567

Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation

xxx Term 2: BIO 202.2 Human A&P II (20 decks)

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