A&P Quiz #3: Study Guide Questions from Chapters 25, 26, 27 and 42 Flashcards
- The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are:
a. hormones.
b. neurotransmitters.
c. target tissues.
d. target organs.
- a. hormones.
p. 562
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- Which of the following statements is true of the endocrine system?
a. The cells secreting the chemical messengers are called neurons.
b. The distance traveled by the chemical messengers is short (across a microscopic synapse).
c. Its effects are slow to appear, yet long-lasting.
d. None of the above.
- c. Its effects are slow to appear, yet long-lasting.
p. 563
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?
a. pineal
b. placenta
c. parathyroid
d. intestines
- d. intestines
p. 564
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- The neuroendocrine system performs all of the following functions except:
a. communication.
b. control.
c. conduction.
d. integration.
- c. conduction.
p. 563
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- The many hormones secreted by endocrine tissues can be classified simply as:
a. steroid or nonsteroid hormones.
b. anabolic or catabolic hormones.
c. sex or nonsex hormones.
d. tropic or hypotropic hormones.
- a. steroid or nonsteroid hormones.
p. 564
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- Nonsteroid hormones include:
a. proteins.
b. peptides.
c. glycoproteins.
d. all of the above.
- d. all of the above.
p. 564
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- Anabolic hormones:
a. target other endocrine glands and stimulate their growth and secretion.
b. target reproductive tissue.
c. stimulate anabolism in their target cells.
d. stimulate catabolism in their target cells.
- c. stimulate anabolism in their target cells.
p. 564
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- The second messenger often involved in nonsteroid hormone action is:
a. cAMP.
b. mRNA.
c. ATP.
d. GTP.
- a. cAMP.
p. 568
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- The control of hormone secretion is:
a. usually part of a negative feedback loop.
b. rarely part of a positive feedback loop.
c. both a and b.
d. none of the above.
- c. both a and b.
pp. 569 and 570
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- When a small amount of hormone allows a second hormone to have its full effect on a target cell, the phenomenon is called:
a. synergism.
b. permissiveness.
c. antagonism.
d. combination.
- b. permissiveness.
p. 567
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- Eicosanoids are referred to as:
a. growth hormones.
b. tissue hormones.
c. target cells.
d. thyroxins.
- b. tissue hormones.
p. 572
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- Which of the following is false?
a. Eicosanoids tend to integrate activities of neighboring cells.
b. The first prostaglandin was discovered in semen.
c. Aspirin produces some of its effects by increasing PGE synthesis.
d. PGFs have been used to induce labor and accelerate delivery of a baby.
- c. Aspirin produces some of its effects by increasing PGE synthesis.
p. 573
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- If norepinephrine diffuses into the blood and then binds to an adrenergic receptor in a distant target cell, it is known as a:
a. hormone.
b. neurotransmitter.
c. second messenger.
d. none of the above.
- a. hormone.
p. 563
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- All steroid hormones are derived from which common molecule?
a. amino acid
b. peptide
c. cholesterol
d. protein
- c. cholesterol
p. 564
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- Which of the following is not a peptide?
a. antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
b. oxytocin (OT)
c. melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
d. testosterone
- d. testosterone
p. 564
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- Combinations of hormones will have a greater effect on a target cell than the sum of the effects that each would have if acting alone. This phenomenon is called:
a. permissiveness.
b. synergism.
c. antagonism.
d. transduction.
- b. synergism.
p. 567
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- The target cell concept is an example of the _______ model of chemical reactions.
a. lock-and-key
b. signal transduction
c. mobile-receptor
d. nuclear-receptor
- a. lock-and-key
p. 567
Chapter 25: Endocrine Regulation
- The pituitary is attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk called the:
a. physis.
b. infundibulum.
c. pars intermedia.
d. none of the above.
- b. infundibulum.
p. 580
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- The vascular link between the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis is called the:
a. hypophyseal portal system.
b. hepatic portal system.
c. releasing hormone portal system.
d. both a and c.
- a. hypophyseal portal system.
p. 583
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Which of the following links the nervous system with the endocrine system?
a. pituitary
b. pineal gland
c. thalamus
d. hypothalamus
- d. hypothalamus
p. 585
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Hypersecretion of prolactin can cause:
a. insufficient milk production in nursing women.
b. atrophy of breast tissue in non-nursing women.
c. impotence in men.
d. both a and b.
- c. impotence in men.
p. 582
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Psychosomatic and somatopsychic relationships between human body systems and the brain:
a. are not believed to exist.
b. are a real phenomenon.
c. have a minimal effect on human physiology.
d. none of the above.
- b. are a real phenomenon.
p. 585
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Which thyroid hormone is released in greatest quantity?
a. T3
b. T4
c. triiodothyronine
d. calcitonin
- b. T4
p. 588
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- The principal thyroid hormone is:
a. thyroxine.
b. triiodothyronine.
c. T4.
d. both a and c.
- b. triiodothyronine.
p. 588
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- The two lobes of the thyroid are connected by the:
a. infundibulum.
b. isthmus.
c. peninsula.
d. islet.
- b. isthmus.
p. 587
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- High blood calcium levels can cause all of the following except:
a. constipation.
b. muscle spasms.
c. lethargy.
d. coma.
- b. muscle spasms.
p. 591
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- PTH increases calcium absorption in the intestines by activating:
a. vitamin A.
b. vitamin C.
c. vitamin D.
d. iron.
- c. vitamin D.
p. 590
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?
a. aldosterone
b. epinephrine
c. adrenal androgens
d. adrenal estrogens
- b. epinephrine
p. 594
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the adrenal medulla?
a. epinephrine
b. norepinephrine
c. adrenaline
d. all of the above are secreted by the adrenal medulla
- d. all of the above are secreted by the adrenal medulla
p. 595
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- The most physiologically important mineralocorticoid is:
a. aldosterone.
b. angiotensin II.
c. renin.
d. angiotensin I.
- a. aldosterone.
p. 593
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Glucagon functions to:
a. promote the entry of glucose into cells.
b. convert glucose into glycogen.
c. increase blood glucose concentration.
d. decrease blood glucose concentration.
- c. increase blood glucose concentration.
p. 596
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Insulin functions to:
a. decrease blood concentration of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids.
b. increase blood concentration of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids.
c. inhibit the secretion of growth hormone.
d. both a and c.
- a. decrease blood concentration of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids.
p. 596
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- The major hormone produced by the corpus luteum is:
a. progesterone.
b. estrogen.
c. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
d. none of the above.
- a. progesterone.
p. 598
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- Testosterone is produced by:
a. seminiferous tubules.
b. interstitial cells.
c. LH.
d. the scrotum.
- b. interstitial cells.
p. 598
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- The hormone that can be detected during the early part of a woman’s pregnancy with an over-the-counter kit is:
a. LH.
b. estrogen.
c. hCG.
d. atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH).
- c. hCG.
p. 598
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- What does the outer zone of the adrenal cortex secrete?
a. mineralocorticoids
b. sex hormones
c. glucocorticoids
d. epinephrine
- a. mineralocorticoids
p. 592
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands
- From what condition does diabetes insipidus result?
a. low insulin levels
b. high glucagon levels
c. low antidiuretic hormone levels
d. high steroid levels
- c. low antidiuretic hormone levels
p. 586
Chapter 26: Endocrine Glands