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xxx Term 2: BIO 202.2 Human A&P II > A&P Quiz #5: Study Guide Questions from Chapters 31, 32, 33, and 48 > Flashcards

A&P Quiz #5: Study Guide Questions from Chapters 31, 32, 33, and 48 Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. The most important function(s) of the lymphatic system is/are:
    a. fluid balance of the internal environment.
    b. immunity.
    c. both a and b.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. both a and b.
    p. 729

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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2
Q
  1. Lymphatic capillaries that operate in the villi of the small intestine are called:
    a. lymphatics.
    b. lacteals.
    c. Peyer patches.
    d. lymph nodes.
A
  1. b. lacteals.
    p. 730

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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3
Q
  1. Lymph from the entire body drains into the thoracic duct, except lymph from the:
    a. upper right quadrant.
    b. upper left quadrant.
    c. lower limbs.
    d. entire head and neck.
A
  1. a. upper right quadrant.
    p. 731

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a difference between lymphatics and veins?
    a. Lymphatics have thinner walls.
    b. Lymphatics contain more valves.
    c. Lymphatics contain lymph nodes.
    d. Lymphatics endure greater pressure.
A
  1. d. Lymphatics endure greater pressure.
    p. 731

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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5
Q
  1. If lymphatic return is blocked, which of the following will not occur?
    a. Blood protein concentration will fall.
    b. Blood osmotic pressure will fall.
    c. CO2 levels in the blood will rise.
    d. Fluid imbalance will occur.
A
  1. c. CO2 levels in the blood will rise.
    p. 732

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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6
Q
  1. Lymphatic circulation is maintained by all of the following except:
    a. breathing movements.
    b. heart.
    c. skeletal muscle contractions.
    d. valves.
A
  1. b. heart.
    p. 733

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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7
Q
  1. Lymphatic circulation begins with lymphatic:
    a. capillaries.
    b. veins.
    c. venules.
    d. arterioles.
A
  1. a. capillaries.
    p. 732

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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8
Q
  1. The small depression of a lymph node from which the efferent lymph vessel arises is termed the:
    a. sinus.
    b. hilum.
    c. capsule.
    d. nodule.
A
  1. b. hilum.
    p. 735

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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9
Q
  1. The lymph nodes located in front of the ear are called the:
    a. submaxillary groups.
    b. inguinal lymph nodes.
    c. cervical lymph nodes.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. d. none of the above.
    p. 734

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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10
Q
  1. An infection of a lymph node is called:
    a. adenitis.
    b. noditis.
    c. lymphitis.
    d. lysis.
A
  1. a. adenitis.
    p. 737

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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11
Q
  1. The lymphatic tissue of lymph nodes serves as the final maturation site for:
    a. monocytes.
    b. lymphocytes.
    c. both a and b.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. both a and b.
    p. 737

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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12
Q
  1. Over 85% of the lymph from the breast enters lymph nodes of the:
    a. axillary region.
    b. supraclavicular region.
    c. brachial region.
    d. subscapular region.
A
  1. a. axillary region.
    p. 739

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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13
Q
  1. The breast—mammary gland and surrounding tissue—is drained by:
    a. lymphatics that originate in and drain the skin over the breast, with the exception of the areola and nipple.
    b. lymphatics that originate in and drain the substance of the breast itself, including the skin of the areola and nipple.
    c. both a and b.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. both a and b.
    p. 738

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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14
Q
  1. Adenoids are swollen:
    a. pharyngeal tonsils.
    b. palatine tonsils.
    c. lingual tonsils.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. a. pharyngeal tonsils.
    p. 744

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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15
Q
  1. The thymus secretes:
    a. T3.
    b. T4.
    c. thymosin.
    d. both a and c.
A
  1. c. thymosin.
    p. 740

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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16
Q
  1. The thymus is located:
    a. deep to the thyroid.
    b. in the axillary region.
    c. in the mediastinum.
    d. none of the above
A
  1. c. in the mediastinum.
    p. 739

Chapter 31: Lymphatic System

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17
Q
  1. Which of the following cells is not involved with innate immunity?
    a. natural killer cells
    b. neutrophils
    c. macrophages
    d. all of the above are involved with innate immunity
A
  1. d. all of the above are involved with innate immunity
    p. 751

Chapter 32: Innate Immunity

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18
Q
  1. The “first line of defense” in innate immunity is:
    a. inflammation.
    b. phagocytosis.
    c. mechanical and chemical barriers.
    d. complement.
A
  1. c. mechanical and chemical barriers.
    p. 752

Chapter 32: Innate Immunity

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19
Q
  1. About 15% of the total number of lymphocyte cells are:
    a. natural killer (NK) cells.
    b. macrophages.
    c. neutrophils.
    d. interferon.
A
  1. a. natural killer (NK) cells.
    p. 757

Chapter 32: Innate Immunity

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20
Q
  1. The most numerous type of phagocyte is the:
    a. neutrophil.
    b. macrophage.
    c. histocyte.
    d. Kupffer cell.
A
  1. a. neutrophil.
    p. 756

Chapter 32: Innate Immunity

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21
Q
  1. Which of the following is a phagocytic monocyte that migrates out of the bloodstream?
    a. neutrophil
    b. macrophage
    c. phagosome
    d. none of the above
A
  1. b. macrophage
    p. 756

Chapter 32: Innate Immunity

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22
Q
  1. B cells and T cells are examples of:
    a. monocytes.
    b. lymphocytes.
    c. neutrophils.
    d. macrophages.
A
  1. b. lymphocytes.
    p. 763

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

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23
Q
  1. Cell-mediated immunity involves:
    a. B cells.
    b. T cells.
    c. both a and b.
    d. neither a nor b.
A
  1. b. T cells.
    p. 763

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

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24
Q
  1. The T cell subsets that are clinically important in diagnosing AIDS are:
    a. CD4.
    b. CD8.
    c. neither a nor b.
    d. both a and b.
A
  1. d. both a and b.
    p. 763

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

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25
Q
  1. An antibody consists of:
    a. two heavy and two light polypeptide chains.
    b. two heavy and one light polypeptide chains.
    c. one heavy and two light polypeptide chains.
    d. one heavy and one light polypeptide chain.
A
  1. a. two heavy and two light polypeptide chains.
    p. 766

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

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26
Q
  1. The amount of antibodies in a person’s blood in response to exposure to a pathogen is called:
    a. toxoid.
    b. titer.
    c. both a and b.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. b. titer.
    p. 770

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

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27
Q
  1. The most abundant circulating antibody is:
    a. IgM
    b. IgG.
    c. IgA.
    d. IgE.
A
  1. b. IgG.
    p. 767

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

28
Q
  1. The specific cells that secrete antibodies are:
    a. B cells.
    b. T cells.
    c. plasma cells.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. plasma cells.
    p. 766

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

29
Q
  1. T cells are sensitized by:
    a. direct exposure to an antigen.
    b. presentation of an antigen by an antigen- presenting cell.
    c. antibodies produced by B cells.
    d. lymphokines.
A
  1. b. presentation of an antigen by an antigen- presenting cell.
    p. 771

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

30
Q
  1. Complement can best be described as:
    a. an antibody.
    b. an enzyme in the blood plasma.
    c. a hormone.
    d. a lymphokine.
A
  1. b. an enzyme in the blood plasma.
    p. 768

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

31
Q
  1. The chemical messengers that T cells release into inflamed tissues are called:
    a. pathogens.
    b. cytokines.
    c. lymphotoxins.
    d. suppressor cells.
A
  1. b. cytokines.
    p. 772

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

32
Q
  1. T cells do which of the following?
    a. develop in the thymus
    b. form memory cells
    c. form plasma cells
    d. all of the above
A
  1. a. develop in the thymus
    p. 771

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

33
Q
  1. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is characterized by which of the following?
    a. caused by a retrovirus
    b. causes inadequate T cell formation
    c. can result in death from cancer
    d. all of the above
A
  1. d. all of the above
    p. 780

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

34
Q
  1. B cells do which of the following?
    a. develop into plasma cells and memory cells
    b. secrete antibodies
    c. develop from primitive cells in bone marrow called stem cells and then into naïve B cells
    d. all of the above
A
  1. d. all of the above
    p. 766

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

35
Q
  1. Which of the following kills invading cells by drilling a hole in their plasma membrane?
    a. interferon
    b. complement
    c. antibody
    d. memory cell
A
  1. b. complement
    p. 768

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

36
Q
  1. What is a rapidly growing population of identical cells that produce large quantities of specific antibodies called?
    a. complementary
    b. lymphotoxic
    c. chemotactic
    d. monoclonal
A
  1. d. monoclonal
    p. 769

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

37
Q
  1. Which of the following is a form of passive natural immunity?
    a. A child develops measles and acquires immunity to subsequent exposure.
    b. Antibodies are injected into an infected individual.
    c. An infant receives protection through its mother’s milk.
    d. Vaccinations are given against smallpox.
A
  1. c. An infant receives protection through its mother’s milk.
    p. 767

Chapter 33: Adaptive Immunity

38
Q
  1. When its genetic codes are being expressed, DNA is in a threadlike form called:
    a. mRNA.
    b. chromosomes.
    c. chromatin.
    d. tRNA.
A
  1. c. chromatin.
    p. 1127

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

39
Q
  1. Each DNA molecule can be called either a chromatin strand or a:
    a. gene.
    b. genome.
    c. chromosome.
    d. gamete.
A
  1. c. chromosome.
    p. 1127

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

40
Q
  1. A person with a genotype expressed as AA is said to be:
    a. heterozygous recessive.
    b. heterozygous dominant.
    c. homozygous recessive.
    d. homozygous dominant.
A
  1. d. homozygous dominant.
    p. 1131

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

41
Q
  1. Both males and females need at least:
    a. one normal Y chromosome.
    b. two normal X chromosomes.
    c. one normal X chromosome.
    d. two normal Y chromosomes.
A
  1. c. one normal X chromosome.
    p. 1133

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

42
Q
  1. The entire collection of genetic material in each typical cell of the human body is called the:
    a. genome.
    b. chromosome.
    c. genotype.
    d. phenotype.
A
  1. a. genome.
    p. 1128

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

43
Q
  1. Mutations are caused:
    a. spontaneously.
    b. by mutagens.
    c. by environmental agents that damage DNA.
    d. all of the above.
A
  1. d. all of the above.
    p. 1135

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

44
Q
  1. Red-green color blindness is an example of an X-linked recessive condition. If X is normal, X1 is recessive, and Y is normal, an individual with the genotype XX1 will be a:
    a. normal male.
    b. color-blind male.
    c. normal female and a carrier.
    d. normal female and not a carrier.
A
  1. c. normal female and a carrier.
    pp. 1134-1135

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

45
Q
  1. The scientific study of genetics began in the:
    a. 16th century.
    b. 17th century.
    c. 18th century.
    d. 19th century.
A
  1. d. 19th century.
    p. 1127

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

46
Q
  1. Trisomy and monosomy result from:
    a. an error in meiosis called disjunction.
    b. an error in meiosis called nondisjunction.
    c. single-gene abnormality.
    d. chromosome breakage.
A
  1. b. an error in meiosis called nondisjunction.
    p. 1136

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

47
Q
  1. Trisomy 21 is also called:
    a. Klinefelter syndrome.
    b. Down syndrome.
    c. Turner syndrome.
    d. cystic fibrosis.
A
  1. b. Down syndrome.
    pp. 1139-1140

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

48
Q
  1. A person with the sex chromosomes XXY is afflicted with:
    a. Klinefelter syndrome.
    b. Down syndrome.
    c. Turner syndrome.
    d. cystic fibrosis.
A
  1. a. Klinefelter syndrome.
    p. 1140

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

49
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a recessive X-linked genetic disease?
    a. hemophilia
    b. red-green color blindness
    c. sickle-cell anemia
    d. cleft palate
A
  1. c. sickle-cell anemia
    p. 1132

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

50
Q
  1. Which of the following abnormal genes are linked to some form of cancer?
    a. codominant genes
    b. tumor suppressor genes
    c. oncogenes
    d. recessive genes
A
  1. c. oncogenes
    p. 1141

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

51
Q
  1. A grid used to determine the mathematical probability of inheriting genetic traits is called:
    a. a pedigree.
    b. a Punnett square.
    c. amniocentesis.
    d. a chorionic villus sampling.
A
  1. b. a Punnett square.
    pp. 1141-1142

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

52
Q
  1. Which of the following genetic diseases can be treated to some degree, if diagnosed early?
    a. PKU
    b. Turner syndrome
    c. Klinefelter syndrome
    d. all of the above
A
  1. d. all of the above
    pp. 1137; 1140-1141

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

53
Q
  1. In
    a. genetically altered cells are introduced into the body.
    b. genetic disease is treated by inducing an alteration in metabolism.
    c. synthetic hormones are used to relieve symptoms.
    d. genes that specify production of abnormal, disease-causing proteins are replaced by normal, or “therapeutic,” genes.
A
  1. d. genes that specify production of abnormal, disease-causing proteins are replaced by normal, or “therapeutic,” genes.
    p. 1143

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

54
Q
  1. Disorders that involve trisomy or monosomy can be detected after a __________ is produced.
    a. genotype
    b. phenotype
    c. karyotype
    d. polytype
A
  1. c. karyotype
    p. 1142

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

55
Q
  1. Cells that display distinct chromosomes during collection via amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling are in:
    a. prophase.
    b. metaphase.
    c. anaphase.
    d. telophase.
A
  1. b. metaphase.
    p. 1142

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

56
Q
  1. Independent assortment of chromosomes ensures:
    a. each offspring from a single set of parents is genetically unique.
    b. at meiosis each gamete receives the same number of chromosomes.
    c. that the sex chromosomes always match.
    d. an equal number of males and females are born.
A
  1. a. each offspring from a single set of parents is genetically unique.
    p. 1130

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

57
Q
  1. Which of the following statements is not true of a pedigree?
    a. It is useful to genetic counselors in predicting the possibility of producing offspring with genetic disorders.
    b. It may allow a person to determine his or her likelihood of developing a genetic disorder later in life.
    c. It indicates the occurrence of those family members affected by a trait, as well as carriers of the trait.
    d. All of the above are true of a pedigree.
A
  1. d. All of the above are true of a pedigree.
    p. 1141

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

58
Q
  1. The genes that cause albinism are:
    a. codominant.
    b. dominant.
    c. recessive.
    d. AA.
A
  1. c. recessive.
    p. 1131

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

59
Q
  1. During meiosis, matching pairs of chromosomes line up and exchange genes from their location to the same location on the other side; a process called:
    a. gene linkage.
    b. crossing over.
    c. cross-linkage.
    d. genetic variation.
A
  1. b. crossing over.
    p. 1130

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

60
Q
  1. When a sperm cell unites with an ovum, a _________ is formed.
    a. zygote
    b. chromosome
    c. gamete
    d. none of the above
A
  1. a. zygote
    p. 1130

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

61
Q
  1. DNA molecules can also be called:
    a. a chromatin strand.
    b. a chromosome.
    c. a and b.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. a and b.
    p. 1127

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

62
Q
  1. Sex-linked traits:
    a. show up more often in females than in males.
    b. are nonsexual traits carried on sex chromosomes.
    c. are the result of genetic mutation.
    d. all of the above.
A
  1. b. are nonsexual traits carried on sex chromosomes.
    p. 1134

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

63
Q
  1. If a person has only X chromosomes, that person is:
    a. missing essential proteins.
    b. abnormal.
    c. female.
    d. male.
A
  1. c. female.
    p. 1133

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

64
Q
  1. A karyotype:
    a. can detect trisomy.
    b. is useful for diagnosing a tubal pregnancy.
    c. is frequently used as a tool in gene augmentation therapy.
    d. can detect the presence of oncogenes.
A
  1. a. can detect trisomy.
    p. 1142

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

65
Q
  1. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
    a. osteogenesis imperfecta—dominant
    b. Turner syndrome—trisomy
    c. PKU—recessive
    d. cystic fibrosis—recessive
A
  1. b. Turner syndrome—trisomy
    p. 1141

Chapter 48: Genetics and Heredity

xxx Term 2: BIO 202.2 Human A&P II (20 decks)

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