Chapter 24: Digestion System

Question 1

Ingestion takes place when materials enter the digestive tract through the ______.

Answer 1

mouth

Question 2

Mechanical processing is the _________ and shearing that makes materials easier to propel along the digestive tract.

Answer 2

crushing

Question 3

Chemical breakdown of food.

Answer 3

Digestion

Question 4

Secretion is the release of _____, acids, enzymes, buffers, and salts by the epithelium of the digestive tract and by glandular organs.

Answer 4

water

Question 5

Absorption is the movement of of organic molecules, __________, vitamins, and water across the digestive epithelium and into interstitial _____ of the digestive tract.

Answer 5

electrolytes

fluid

Question 6

Ejects materials from the digestive tract, eliminating them as feces.

Answer 6

Defacation

Question 7

_________ mucosa is the thin layer of smooth muscle that causes folds in the stomach and small intestine. Insures all absorptive cells come in contact with food.

Answer 7

Muscularis

Question 8

Submucosa is the ______ connective tissue that binds mucosa to third layer.
it contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, glands and nerves.

Answer 8

dense

Question 9

Brain of the gut.

Answer 9

Enteric nervous system

Question 10

Muscularis function is to mix and ______ food along.

Has inner and outer layer.

Answer 10

propel

Question 11

Outermost layer that functions in protection

Answer 11

Serosa

Question 12

Sphincter between esophagus and stomach.

Answer 12

Cardiac

Question 13

Sphincter between stomach and duodenum.

Answer 13

Pyloric

Question 14

Sphincter between small and large intestine.

Answer 14

Ileocecal

Question 15

Sphincter between anus and outside

Answer 15

Anal

Question 16

4 types of teeth

Answer 16

Incisors, canines, molars, bicuspids

Question 17

Secretes lingual lipase, functions to manipulate food, dorsal surface covered by papillae.

Answer 17

Tongue

Question 18

3 pair of salivary glands

Answer 18

Parotids, sublinguals, submandibular

Question 19

Mastication of food to form a bolus.

Answer 19

Mechanical digestion

Question 20

Common passageway for both the GI and respiratory tract.

Answer 20

Pharynx

Question 21

Contractions that propels food from one portion of the digestive tract to another.

Answer 21

Peristalsis

Question 22

Connects pharynx to stomach, passes through diaphragm.

Answer 22

Esophagus

Question 23

Occurs when cardiac sphincter at base does not close. Hydrochloric acid from stomach then splashes back into esophagus.

Answer 23

Heartburn

Question 24

5 parts of the stomach

Answer 24

Cardia, fundus, body, pyloris, pyloric sphincter

Question 25

Viscous, highly acidic, soupy mixture of partially digested food.

Answer 25

Chyme

Question 26

Smallest part of stomach. Helps protect the esophagus from the acid. Contains mucous glands.

Answer 26

Cardia

Question 27

Portion of stomach superior to the junction between the stomach and esophagus.

Answer 27

Fundus

Question 28

The largest region of the stomach. Acts as a mixing tank for ingested food. Gastric glands produce acid.

Answer 28

Body

Question 29

Forms sharp part of the J. Divided into an antron and canal.

Answer 29

Pylorus

Question 30

Most of the digestive tract is lined by ___________ epithelium.

Answer 30

Simple columnar