Chapter 19:Blood

Question 1

The transport system. Composed of blood, heart, and blood vessels.

Answer 1

Cardiovascularsystem

Question 2

7% of body mass.
Body contains about 4-5 liters.
PH is 7.35-7.45 a little more than neutral.

Answer 2

Blood

Question 3

Liquid part of blood.
46-63% of blood volume.
Mostly water(92%). 7% proteins, fibrinogin, globulin, albumin.

Answer 3

Blood Plasma

Question 4

Make up 99% of formed elements.
About 40% of blood volume.
Main job is oxygen transport.

Answer 4

Red blood cells

Question 5

About 0.1% of formed elements.

Involved in immune response and prevention of blood loss during an injury.

Answer 5

White blood cells

Question 6

Production of formed elements.

Made in red bone marrow(myeloid tissue).

Answer 6

Hemopoeisis

Question 7

Contain hemoglobin.
Biconcave disc with a thin central region and a thicker outer margin.
Their size a allows them to stack on top of each other and also bend and flex with ease.

Answer 7

Red blood Cells

Question 8

Each hemoglobin chained contains a single molecule of _______, a non-protein complex

Answer 8

heme

Question 9

Red blood cell formation.

Occurs only in red bone marrow.

Answer 9

Erythropoeisis

Question 10

______ stem cells divide to produce red blood cells and several classes of white blood cells.

Answer 10

Myeloid stem cells

Question 11

_______ stem cells divide to produce the various classes of lymphocytes.

Answer 11

Lymphoid stem cells

Question 12

Cells destined to become RBCs first differentiate into _________ and then proceed through various erythroblast stages

Answer 12

Proerythroblasts

Question 13

After 4 days of differentiation, the erythroblast, now called a normoblast, sheds its nucleus and becomes a ____________

Answer 13

Reticulocyte

Question 14

______ blood cells do not contain hemoglobin.
Large nucleus and organelles.
Protects the body.

Answer 14

White blood cells

Question 15

Contain darkly staining granules, larger than RBCs, function as phagocytes.

Answer 15

Granulocytes

Question 16

Most numerous granulocyte.

Granuoles contain digestive enzymes.

Answer 16

Neutrophils

Question 17

Granulocyte that secretes toxic compounds and attacks parasitic worms.

Answer 17

Eosinophils

Question 18

Rarest of the leukocytes, contain histamine granules, and responsible for vasodilation during inflammation.

Answer 18

Basophils

Question 19

Lack membrane granules. 2 types

Answer 19

Agranulocytes

Question 20

20-25% of all WBCs, help mediate immune response.

Tcells, Bcells, and natural killer cells.

Answer 20

Lymphocytes

Question 21

3-8% of leukocytes.

Have phagocytes and macrophages.

Answer 21

Monocytes

Question 22

Cell fragments that initiate clotting process.

Answer 22

Platelets

Question 23

3 stages of Hemostasis

Answer 23

Vascular, platelets, and coagulation

Question 24

_______ make up 60% of the plasma proteins.

Important for osmotic pressure in plasma.

Answer 24

Albumins

Question 25

_______ make up 35% of plasma proteins.

Includes antibodies and transport ________.

Answer 25

Globulins

Question 26

Fibrinogen functions in _______ and makes up 4% of plasma proteins.

Answer 26

Clotting

Question 27

_______ is a series of actions that stops bleeding.

Answer 27

Hemostasis

Question 28

Fibrinogen molecules are converted to ______ during the clotting process.

Answer 28

fibrin

Question 29

Serum is plasma without _______.

Answer 29

fibrinogen

Question 30

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes are part of the body’s ___________ defense.

Answer 30

nonspecific

Question 31

Lymphocytes are part of the body’s ________ defense.

Answer 31

specific