Chapter 23.1, 23.2-24.1, 24.4, 24.5 Test

Question 1

What are 3 traits that all animals have? Where is collagen found?

Answer 1

1. All are heterotrophs
2. All have collagen (skin, bone, ligaments, fingernails, hair
3. All are diploid and reproduce sexually

Question 2

What do hox genes and homeotic genes do?

Answer 2

Determine and control early development in animals and the cell’s location and function

Question 3

What is a vertebrate and invertebrate animal?

Answer 3

Vertebrate- animal with an internal back bone

Invertebrate-animal without backbones

Question 4

What are the 3 tissues in triploblastic animals?

Answer 4

1. Ectoderm-out layer of embryo that develops into skin, brain, nervous system
2. Endoderm-inner layer that develops into animal’s gut
3. Mesoderm-middle layer that develops into tissues and organs

Question 5

Describe the development of protosomes

Answer 5

Mouth is formed first
Gut cavity forms from separations in the mesoderm
8-celled embryo is arranged in a spiral cleavage

Question 6

Describe the development of a deuterostome

Answer 6

Anus is formed first
Gut cavity forms from pouches in the folds of the gut tube
8-celled embryo is arranged in radial cleavage (stacked on top of each other)

Question 7

What are the 9 animal phyla and an example of each one?

Answer 7

1. Porifera (sponges)
2. Cnidaria (jelly fish)
3. Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
4. Annelida (segmented worms)
5. Mollusca (clams, snails, octopus)
6. Nematoda (round worms)
7. Arthropoda (crabs)
8. Echinodermata (star fish)
9. Chordata (vertebrates)

Question 8

What are the 2 animal taxon and their phyla that are protosomes? What are the characteristics within them?

Answer 8

1. LOPHOTROCHOZOA- Platyhelminthes, annelids,mollusk
2. ECDYSOZOA-nematoda, arthropods
3. Have either hollow tentacles or free swimming ciliated larval form
4. Must shed their outer skin to grow

Question 9

What are the two animal phyla that are deuterostomes?

Answer 9

Echinodermata and Chordata

Question 10

1. What are arthropod’s exoskeletons made out of? 2. What is an appendage? 3. What is proboscis?

Answer 10

1. Chitin
2. Extension of an organism’s body (legs)
3. Straw like mouth used for sucking nectar and fruits (bees, butterflies)

Question 11

What are the 6 types of arthropods

Answer 11

1. Trilobites-extinct, head, body, bottom
2. Crustaceans-crabs, lobsters, pill bugs
3. Chelicerates-scorpions, mites, ticks, (must have dagger like fangs)
4. Insects-must have 6 legs, a head, thorax, and abdomen
5. Myriapods-centipedes, first pair of legs have poisonous fangs
6. Velvet worms and water bears (omnivores-eat everything)

Question 12

1. What are mandibles? What is 2. complete and 3. incomplete metamorphosis?

Answer 12

1. Body parts for chewing
2. A. Larva B. Pupa C. Adult D. Reproduction
3. Insect goes through many nymphal stages and each stage looks like a small version of the adult

Question 13

What are 4 body parts of insects used for retaining water?

Answer 13

1. Exoskeleton
2. Malpighian tubules
3. Spiracles,
4. Trachea

Question 14

What are 3 ways to avoid insecticides when growing plants?

Answer 14

1. Using non harmful insecticides (neurotoxin)
2. Integrated pest management (traps, barriers, predators)
3. Genetically modified plants