Chapter 22: Darwin Flashcards
evolution
descent with modification
Linnaeus
developed binomial names. classified based off physical patterns
fossils
remains/traces from past organisms
strata
layers of rock/sediment
paleontology
study of fossils
catasrophism
events in the past occurred suddenly and caused by mechanisms different from those in the present
Georges Cuvier
advocated catastrophism. said extinctions were common, opposed evolution
uniformitarianism
mechanisms of change are constant over time
James Hutton
Earth’s geological features caused by gradual mechanisms still occurring today
Charles Lyell
developed uniformitarianism
Lamarck
use and disuse. inheritance of acquired characteristics
adaptations
inherited characteristics that improve survival and reproduction
natural selection
individuals with certain inherited traits survive longer and reproduce more because of those traits
artificial selection
selecting and breeding individuals with desired traits
MRSA
methicillin-resistant S. aureus
homology
similarity resulting from common ancestry
homologous structures
variations of a structure from common ancestor
vestigial structures
remnants of structure from ancestor
convergent evolution
independent evolution of similar features in different lineages
analogous strucutre
structures evolved independently based on environment (not common ancestor)
endemic
found nowhere else in the world
