Chapter 22 Attention Flashcards
“Bottom-up” processing is associated with __________.
a. identification of “pop-out” stimuli in an array
b. the sort of search that one makes when trying to find a particular street
c. language development in children
d. none of the above
a. identification of “pop-out” stimuli in an array
Serial processing is used by subjects for __________.
a. “pop-out” searches in visual arrays
b. conjunction searches
c. detecting sad faces
d. all of the above
b. conjunction searches
In Treisman’s theory, attention is a cognitive process that serves to __________.
a. embed aspects of the visual world in long-term storage
b. determine the color of visual objects
c. select and integrate features in maps
d. place stimuli in object files
c. select and integrate features in maps
In Moran and Desimone’s experiment, attentional effects were observed __________.
a. only if the monkey had to reach for an object
b. in all visual areas studied
c. in area V1
d. none of the above
d. none of the above
Summarizing several studies, Corbetta and colleagues found that the parietal cortex is particularly active during tasks that require attention to __________.
a. movement
b. color
c. location
d. distance from the animal
c. location
In divided-attention tasks, PET studies show particular activation of the __________.
a. parietal lobes
b. cingulate cortex
c. hippocampus
d. inferior frontal cortex
b. cingulate cortex
The existing evidence suggests that a mechanism in the __________ is particularly involved in the selection of movements.
a. inferior temporal cortex
b. dorsomedial prefrontal cortex
c. cerebellum
d. frontal eye fields
d. frontal eye fields
When subjects fail to detect a second visual target if it is presented within half a second of the first one, this is called __________.
a. inattentional blindness
b. attentional blink
c. change blindness
d. retrograde amnesia
b. attentional blink
Temporary reductions in the field defect present in patients with contralateral neglect was observed by Rossetti after the use of __________.
a. aids to memory, such as taking notes of the location of objects
b. increased rewards for such reductions
c. prisms that shifted the visual field to the right
d. Contralateral neglect is impervious to attempts to reduce it.
c. prisms that shifted the visual field to the right
Imagined movements seem to be represented in the __________.
a. premotor cortex
b. hippocampus
c. inferior temporal lobe
d. cingulate cortex
a. premotor cortex
When people use a third-person perspective to imagine something that they are doing, the imagery is called __________.
a. external imagery
b. internal imagery
c. meta-imagery
d. motor imagery
a. external imagery
According to __________, when a movement is initiated it leaves a trace or record of what the intended movement should be.
a. theory of attentional network
b. theory of mind
c. reafference theory
d. afference theory
c. reafference theory
Ideational apraxia has to do with inability to ___.
inability to conceive the goal [of a movement; emerges when required to manipulate objects]
Ideomotor apraxia has to do with inability to ___.
inability to form subgoals [or to understand nonverbal communication such as gesture and pantomime]
Motor apraxia has to do with inability to ___.
inability to execute voluntary movements
