Chapter 22-23 Flashcards
What are the guidelines for generally good health?
- eat a balanced diet
- practise good personal hygiene
- take regular exercise
- get sufficient rest and sleep
- don’t smoke or abuse drugs or alcohol
- develop a positive attitude
- visit the doctor regularly
- develop hobbies
What are guidelines for good mental health?
- have a good balance between work and relaxation
- spend time with people whose company you enjoy
- are regular exercise
- talk about your worries to someone you can trust
- make the most of your talents
- seek help for problems if necessary
What are precautions against disease?
- babies and children need to be screened regularly to identify problems concerning their development
- vaccinations are important before going to a new country
- women need breast and cervical examinations and men need to be tested for testicular cancer
- both men and women need their cholesterol levels checked
What is aerobic exercise?
Aerobic exercise is exercise that makes you breathe faster and your heart and lungs work harder for example running, swimming
What are the benefits of regular exercise?
- reduces the risk of heart disease and stroke
- reduces stress
- way of socialising
- helps you to sleep better
- helps maintain a healthy weight
- helps to control blood pressure
What are guidelines to reduce stress?
- become aware of the sources of stress in your life
- relax daily
- take regular service
- balance your diet
- express your feelings
- discuss what is stressing you out with someone you trust
What are the benefits of adequate sleep>
- we feel better
- we look better
- we have better concentration levels
- it improves our mood
What is the importance of leisure?
- reduces stress
- allows you to learn new skills
- allows you to socialise
- reduces boredom
Why do some people smoke>
- peer pressure
- curiosity
- image
- unaware of health risks
What is an addiction?
An uncontrollable craving for something
What are the harmful effects of smoking?
- lung cancer
- breathing difficulties: caused by tar
- heart disease
- high blood pressure
- emphysema:respiratory disease
- damage to unborn babies: can also cause miscarriages and stillborn babies
What is passive smoking?
Passive smoking occurs when non-smokers inhale the smoke from a nearby smoker
WHat are the steps taken to reduce smoking in Ireland?
- it is illegal to sell cigarettes to people under 18 years old
- it is illegal to smoke at a workplace
- advertising of cigarettes have been banned
- ten pack cigarettes no longer sold
- high taxes on cigarettes
Why do young people abuse alcohol?
- alcohol gives them more confidence
- peer pressure
- availability of alcohol encourages people to abuse it
- curiosity
- some people feel it helps them to relax and teenagers are stressed because of exams
What are the short-term effects of drinking?
- a person cannot think clearly and may take risks e.g drunk driving or sexual assault
- co-ordination and judgement are lost
- people lose self-control and make start fights
- very heavy drinking can cause unconsciousness and even death
What are the long-term effects of alcohol abuse?
- addiction
- brain cells can become permanently damaged which effects memory
- cancer may develop in the mouth, gullet or liver
- depression
- unborn babies are damaged
What a re the effects of alcohol abuse on society?
- increase in rate of crimes
- increase in road accidents
- absenteeism from work
- high cost to the state of treating alcohol related diseases
What are the guidelines for sensible drinking?
- drink slowly
- drink in moderation and avoid getting drunk
- don’t put pressure on others to drink
- don’t drink on an empty stomach
- don’t drink and drive
- avoid buying rounds
What are the steps to reduce alcohol consumption in Ireland?
- the intoxicating liquor act 2008 (restricts the sale and availability of alcohol
- it is illegal for people under 18 to buy alcohol
- off-license hours have been reduced
- children are not allowed into pubs after 9pm
What are organisations that deal with alcohol abuse?
- Alcoholics Anonymous (support for alcoholics)
- Al-Anon(helps families of alcoholics)
- Alateen (helps children of alcoholic parents)
Define drug
A drug is a chemical that changes how the body functions physically, mentally or emotionally
What are the five main types of drugs?
- depressants: alcohol, cause sleepiness
- sedatives: sleeping tablets, have calming effect
- opiates: heroine, cause happy feeling
- Stimulants:cocaine, changes the body’s natural levels of energy and alertness
- hallucinogens: LSD+magic mushrooms, cause strange visions
Reasons people take drugs
- curiosity
- peer pressure
- people want to escape from boredom or worry
- image
- people enjoy the effects of drugs
What are controlled drugs?
Drugs that are available only available through a doctors prescription
What is drug abuse?
Drug abuse is the use of a drug that damages some aspect of a person’s life
Effect of drugs on the body
- addiction
- dependence
- AIDS (spread through sharing needles)
- death (overdose)
What is the most dangerous way of taking a drug?
Injecting: high risk of overdosing and disease can spread if people share their needles
Effects of drug use on family and society?
- family disruption caused if a person ends up in jail
- many drug addicts turn to crime to get money for expensive drugs
- costs of law enforcement and medical bills are high
- absenteeism from work
