Chapter 22 Flashcards
What does the acronym SALT stand for?
How can bacteria enter the body through the skin? What happens when they do?
Through cuts and scrapes. they then establish themselves and travel towards the bloodstream to infect other areas
Name the 3 layers of skin and how they can protect against infection.
Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous layer. At baseline the will produce sweat that protects the skin from opportunistic bacteria
Define:
bullae
macules
maculopapular rash
papules
petechiae
What is varicella, and what are some of its signs and symptoms?
Chicken pox and a puritic vesicular rash. Usually the only symptom in children.
Can be very serious in adults, usually requires hospitalization
What is the causative agent of varicella?
herpes zoster. A double stranded DNA enveloped virus
Where does the latent version of varicella stay?
Latent versions of varicella stay in the ganglions of nerve cells waiting to be activated
What are the two different types of vaccines?
inactivated v attenuated
Define antigenic
Anything that triggers the body to create antibodies
What is rubeola and why is it making a reapperance?
Measles and because parents are refusing to vaccinate their children due to unfounded concerns
Where can you find a koplik spot?
On the gums near the molars and is indicative of a rubeola infection
What is the causative agent of Rubeola?
Rubeola is caused by paramyxoviridae. A enveloped single stranded RNA.
What is rubella, and what causes it?
Rubella is german measels or 3 day measeles. caused by a enveloped single stranded RNA called Togaviride
Why is acquiring rubella dangerous during pregnancy?
It can cause congenital birth defect or even death of the fetus
How does Varicella, rubella, and rubeola invade the body can cause infection?
Varicella is spread through direct contact with skin lesions and respiratory droplets. Ie pus or scabs from vesicles
Both rubella and rubeola are spread through respiratory droplets
Define Dermatophyte and give the 3 different types and what they affect.
Epidermophyton: Skin and Nails
Microsporum: Skin and Hair
Trichophyton: Skin, Hair, and nails
What kind of media do you use to grown fungi?
Sabouraud Dextrose
Candidemia
A blood infection caused by Candida albicans
What is impetigo and what causes it?
Impetigo is a skin disease caused by stap a and strep p.
They cause pus filled blisters that pop and crust over
Define pyoderma and give two examples
Pyoderma: The ability of a bacteria to proliferate quickly
Staph aureus
Strep. pyrogens
What bacteria will produce enterotoxins
Staph. aureus
furuncle v carbuncle
furuncle: a boil that is swollen and tender
Carbuncle: a boil that is large swollen and pus filled
SSSS
Staphylococcal Scald Skin Syndrome: Caused by Staph. aureus and the production of exfolitin an exotoxin
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rickettsia Rickettsii caused by a tick bite and is a rare but deadly disease
