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Med Micro Exam 3 > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some normal flora of the skin?

A

staphylococci, micrococci, corynebacteria, C. xerosis, propionibacterium acnes

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2
Q

What is the most significant bacteria involved in bacterial diseases?

A

G+ cocci bacteria

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3
Q

Staphylococcal Infections

A

G +, clusters hospital

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4
Q

What is a coagulase positive staphylococcal infection?

A

Staphlococcus aureus (Toxic Shock Syndrome)

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5
Q

What is a coagulase negative staphylococcal infection?

A

Staphlococcus epidermids

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6
Q

Staph aureus

A

coagulase, toxin, leukocidin

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7
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome causes depletion of what?

A

Magnesium

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8
Q

What is Group A (B. hemolytic) streptococci?

A

Flesh eating bacteria; 40% fatal; produces Exotoxin A; often in people with weakened immune system

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9
Q

Strep. pyogenes (scarlet fever) causes _________ toxins.

A

erythrogenic

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10
Q

What symptoms do Erysepelas cause?

A

fever, skin rashes, sore throat

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11
Q

What is Necrotizing Fascitis?

A

flesh eating bacteria

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12
Q

What is Pseudomonas?

A

aerobic G- bacteria often found in water, soil, moist environments

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13
Q

Where is Pseudomonas dermatitis found?

A

in swimming pools and saunas; can cause hair follicle infection

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14
Q

What is Otitis externa?

A

a skin infection in burn patients

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15
Q

___% of cystic acne is found in teen years.

A

85%

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16
Q

What causes cystic acne?

A

the passage of sebum in blocked rupture of the lining of hair follicles

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17
Q

What does Propionibacterium acne do?

A

metabolizes sebum, causes inflammation, causes tissue damage, causes scarring.

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18
Q

How can Propionibacterium acne be treated?

A

With benzoyl peroxide or Tetracycline

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19
Q

What is Papillomavirus? How is it transmitted?

A

a DNA virus that causes warts; most commonly transmitted through sexual contact

20
Q

How can Papillomavirus be treated?

A

With Cryotherapy (Liquid N2 at -190 degrees), duck tape therapy, laser surgery

21
Q

What is small pox? How is it transmitted?

A

a DNA virus; eradicated; transmitted through respiratory

22
Q

What is chicken pox? transmission?

A

an enveloped DNA virus; transmitted through respiratory

23
Q

What is viral latency?

A

when a virus remains latent in your system (can even remain latent for decades), and then is reactivated. (such as chicken pox to shingles many decades later)

24
Q

There is a ___% infection rate for HSV-1.

A

90%

25
Q

Measles is highly contagious and can lead to________________.

A

pneumonia and even death

26
Q

What is the route of transmission for measles?

A

respiratory

27
Q

A person who has contracted measles is __________ even before symptoms appear.

A

infectious

28
Q

What are symptoms of Measles?

A

fever, headache, cough, rash in face, trunk, extremeties, oral mucosa.

29
Q

The rash seen with Measles is similar to the rash seen in _________________.

A

Rocky mountain spotted fever

30
Q

What is Rubella?

A

a Rogavirus; RNA virus.

31
Q

What are symptoms of Rubella? how is it transmitted?

A

small red spots, rash, fever; respiratory route.

32
Q

Rubella can pass to an unvaccinated _________, causing serious birth defects.

A

pregnant woman

33
Q

What is Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum) caused by?

A

Parvovirus-B19; can cause abortion in unvaccinated women.

34
Q

What is Dermatophyte?

A

a fungal disease in hair, nails, epidermis

35
Q

What are the two Genuses in ringworm infection?

A

Microsporum and Trichophyton

36
Q

Microsporum and Trichophyton are _________.

A

zoonotic

37
Q

How is ringworm transmitted?

A

direct or indirect contact

38
Q

What medicines are used to treat ringworm?

A

miconazole , clotrinazole, griseofulvin.

39
Q

Name 3 subcutaneous mycosis diseases.

A
  1. sporotricosis
  2. candidiasis
  3. scabies
40
Q

How is sporotricosis gotten?

A

from the soil

41
Q

How is sporotricosis treated?

A

with Potassium iodide and Amphoterecin-B

42
Q

What are two things candidiasis can cause?

A

chronic vaginitis and newborn oral thrush

43
Q

What medicines can treat candidiasis?

A

nystatin, miconazole, clotrimazole

44
Q

What is neomatal gonorrheal opthalmia?

A

a disease in the eye of newborns caused by the transmission of nisseria gonnorhea from the mother during birth; all babies are given eyedrops at birth to prevent this.

45
Q

What can Chlamydia trachomatis cause?

A

scarring of the cornea; blindness

Med Micro Exam 3 (10 decks)

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