Chapter 21

Question 1

What are some normal flora of the skin?

Answer 1

staphylococci, micrococci, corynebacteria, C. xerosis, propionibacterium acnes

Question 2

What is the most significant bacteria involved in bacterial diseases?

Answer 2

G+ cocci bacteria

Question 3

Staphylococcal Infections

Answer 3

G +, clusters hospital

Question 4

What is a coagulase positive staphylococcal infection?

Answer 4

Staphlococcus aureus (Toxic Shock Syndrome)

Question 5

What is a coagulase negative staphylococcal infection?

Answer 5

Staphlococcus epidermids

Question 6

Staph aureus

Answer 6

coagulase, toxin, leukocidin

Question 7

Toxic Shock Syndrome causes depletion of what?

Answer 7

Magnesium

Question 8

What is Group A (B. hemolytic) streptococci?

Answer 8

Flesh eating bacteria; 40% fatal; produces Exotoxin A; often in people with weakened immune system

Question 9

Strep. pyogenes (scarlet fever) causes _________ toxins.

Answer 9

erythrogenic

Question 10

What symptoms do Erysepelas cause?

Answer 10

fever, skin rashes, sore throat

Question 11

What is Necrotizing Fascitis?

Answer 11

flesh eating bacteria

Question 12

What is Pseudomonas?

Answer 12

aerobic G- bacteria often found in water, soil, moist environments

Question 13

Where is Pseudomonas dermatitis found?

Answer 13

in swimming pools and saunas; can cause hair follicle infection

Question 14

What is Otitis externa?

Answer 14

a skin infection in burn patients

Question 15

___% of cystic acne is found in teen years.

Answer 15

85%

Question 16

What causes cystic acne?

Answer 16

the passage of sebum in blocked rupture of the lining of hair follicles

Question 17

What does Propionibacterium acne do?

Answer 17

metabolizes sebum, causes inflammation, causes tissue damage, causes scarring.

Question 18

How can Propionibacterium acne be treated?

Answer 18

With benzoyl peroxide or Tetracycline

Question 19

What is Papillomavirus? How is it transmitted?

Answer 19

a DNA virus that causes warts; most commonly transmitted through sexual contact

Question 20

How can Papillomavirus be treated?

Answer 20

With Cryotherapy (Liquid N2 at -190 degrees), duck tape therapy, laser surgery

Question 21

What is small pox? How is it transmitted?

Answer 21

a DNA virus; eradicated; transmitted through respiratory

Question 22

What is chicken pox? transmission?

Answer 22

an enveloped DNA virus; transmitted through respiratory

Question 23

What is viral latency?

Answer 23

when a virus remains latent in your system (can even remain latent for decades), and then is reactivated. (such as chicken pox to shingles many decades later)

Question 24

There is a ___% infection rate for HSV-1.

Answer 24

90%

Question 25

Measles is highly contagious and can lead to________________.

Answer 25

pneumonia and even death

Question 26

What is the route of transmission for measles?

Answer 26

respiratory

Question 27

A person who has contracted measles is __________ even before symptoms appear.

Answer 27

infectious

Question 28

What are symptoms of Measles?

Answer 28

fever, headache, cough, rash in face, trunk, extremeties, oral mucosa.

Question 29

The rash seen with Measles is similar to the rash seen in _________________.

Answer 29

Rocky mountain spotted fever

Question 30

What is Rubella?

Answer 30

a Rogavirus; RNA virus.

Question 31

What are symptoms of Rubella? how is it transmitted?

Answer 31

small red spots, rash, fever; respiratory route.

Question 32

Rubella can pass to an unvaccinated _________, causing serious birth defects.

Answer 32

pregnant woman

Question 33

What is Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum) caused by?

Answer 33

Parvovirus-B19; can cause abortion in unvaccinated women.

Question 34

What is Dermatophyte?

Answer 34

a fungal disease in hair, nails, epidermis

Question 35

What are the two Genuses in ringworm infection?

Answer 35

Microsporum and Trichophyton

Question 36

Microsporum and Trichophyton are _________.

Answer 36

zoonotic

Question 37

How is ringworm transmitted?

Answer 37

direct or indirect contact

Question 38

What medicines are used to treat ringworm?

Answer 38

miconazole , clotrinazole, griseofulvin.

Question 39

Name 3 subcutaneous mycosis diseases.

Answer 39

1. sporotricosis 2. candidiasis 3. scabies

Question 40

How is sporotricosis gotten?

Answer 40

from the soil

Question 41

How is sporotricosis treated?

Answer 41

with Potassium iodide and Amphoterecin-B

Question 42

What are two things candidiasis can cause?

Answer 42

chronic vaginitis and newborn oral thrush

Question 43

What medicines can treat candidiasis?

Answer 43

nystatin, miconazole, clotrimazole

Question 44

What is neomatal gonorrheal opthalmia?

Answer 44

a disease in the eye of newborns caused by the transmission of nisseria gonnorhea from the mother during birth; all babies are given eyedrops at birth to prevent this.

Question 45

What can Chlamydia trachomatis cause?

Answer 45

scarring of the cornea; blindness