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Med Micro Exam 3 > Chapter 17 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Antibody

A

the proteinaceous substance made by specialized lymphocytes in response to antigen

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2
Q

Define Antigen

A

Organisms of substances that provoke immune system to produce antibodies or cell mediated immunity

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3
Q

What are two examples of naturally acquired immunity?

A

active immunity and passive immunity

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4
Q

What is an example of an artificially acquired immunity?

A

a vaccine

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5
Q

What is an example of a serum protein?

A

Gamma Globulin

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6
Q

What does the humoral immune system produce?

A

antibodies

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7
Q

What is the name for the Y shaped defensive protein?

A

antibody

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8
Q

One peptoglycan can contain more than ___ antigen.

A

one

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9
Q

There are __ different antigenic determinants on one ________.

A

5, protein

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10
Q

What are the 5 Immunoglobulin classes?

A

IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE

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11
Q

What is the function of IgG?

A

neutralization of organisms and toxins

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12
Q

What is the function of IgD?

A

regulatory role

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13
Q

What is the function of IgE?

A

monometer (allergic reactions)

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14
Q

What is the function of IgA?

A

protects murosal surface, respiratory, urogenital, intestinal, conjuction

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15
Q

What is the function of IgM?

A

used for diagnosis in aggluntination reactions.

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16
Q

The body produces antibodies ____ days after exposure.

A

4-5

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17
Q

What produces all WBC’s?

A

The mother stem cell.

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18
Q

What are some of the T cell dependent antigens?

A

bacteria, foreign RBC’s, proteins

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19
Q

What does agglutination do?

A

reduces number of infectious units to be dealt with.

20
Q

Differentiate between B and T cells.

A

B cells are humoral and cell mediated. T cells are made in the thymus.

21
Q

What do T Lymphocytes kill?

A

abnormal cells that show the flag because they’re abnormal

22
Q

What might elevated Eusinophils indicate?

A

parasite infection or allergic reaction

23
Q

Define self tolerance.

A

differentiation between self and nonself.

24
Q

What are the 6 things that antigen-antibody binding and results lead to?

A
  1. Agglutination
  2. Opsonization
  3. Activation of complement
  4. Enhanced inflammation
  5. Antibody mediation
  6. Neutralization
25
Q

Agglutination

A

easy phagocytosis and antigen destroyed

26
Q

Opsonization

A

leads to enhanced phagocytosis and antigen destruction

27
Q

Activation of complement

A

leads to Cytolysis

28
Q

Enhanced inflammation

A

antigen destruction

29
Q

Antibody mediated

A

cell mediated cytotoxicity; destruction of cells and large parasites by non specific immune system.

30
Q

Neutralization

A

Neutralization of bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and toxins

31
Q

Define Cytolysis

A

the destruction of a cell

32
Q

What 3 things is the monoclonal antibody used for?

A
  1. Diagnostic use
  2. Cancer treatment
  3. Recombinant monoclonal
33
Q

What is cell mediated immunity?

A

immunity resulting from a cell-mediated immune response; cellular immunity

34
Q

What are the 4 types of T cells?

A
  1. Helper (TH) cells
  2. Delayed hypersensitivity T (TD) cells
  3. Suppressor TR (T3) cells
  4. Cytotoxic T (TC) Cells**
35
Q

The Helper (TH) cell helps ___________.

A

The B Lymphocyte

36
Q

The Delayed hypersensitivity T (TD) cells produce what?

A

chemical hormones that boost immune system.

37
Q

The Suppressor TR (T3) cells program ____________.

A

plasma cells to die.

38
Q

What do the Cytotoxic T (TC) cells do?

A

attach to cells hiding inside and kill them.

39
Q

What is herd immunity?

A

When they vaccinate 95% of the herd so that if the other 5% gets infected it can’t cause all of the herd to be infected.

40
Q

What are the two examples of Toxoid vaccines?

A

Diphtheria, Tetanus

41
Q

What are examples of inactivated vaccines?

A

Rabies, polio, influenza, salmonella typhi

42
Q

What are the examples of live (attenuated) vaccines?

A

yellow fever, measles, mumps, rubella

43
Q

What is an example of a subunit vaccine?

A

Recombinent DNA, Hep B

44
Q

What are the limitations of the subunit vaccine?

A

protozoa and parasites, giardia, trypanosomes, AIDS virus

45
Q

What is the conjugated vaccine?

A

polysaccharide + protein toxins (stronger together)

46
Q

What is the nucleic acid vaccine for?

A

viruses; highly mutating organisms such as cancer, HIV, influenza

Med Micro Exam 3 (10 decks)

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