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Medical Terminology > Chapter 20: Radiology and Nuclear Medicine > Flashcards

Chapter 20: Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

chol/e

A

Gall, bile

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2
Q

cinemat/o

A

Motion

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3
Q

ech/o

A

Echo

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4
Q

encephal/o

A

Brain

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5
Q

ion/o or iont/o

A

Ion

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6
Q

myel/o

A

Spinal cord

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7
Q

phot/o

A

Light

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8
Q

pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

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9
Q

sail/o

A

Salivary

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10
Q

son/o

A

Sound

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11
Q

Radiology

A

The scientific discipline of medical imaging using radionuclides, ionizing radiation, nuclear magnetic resonance, and ultrasound.

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12
Q

X-Ray

A

Electromagnetic wave of high energy produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a target in a vacuum tube (x-Ray tube)

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13
Q

Radiologist

A

Physician who specializes in radiology

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14
Q

Characteristics of x-rays

A

1)invisible form of radiant energy, with short wavelengths 2)ionization: process of creation of ions 3)cause fluorescence of certain substances that allows the physician to visualize internal structures 4)allow x-Ray beams to be directed at specific sites to produce a film 5)are able to penetrate substances of different densities 6) destroy body cells

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15
Q

Radiolucent

A

Pertaining to the property of permitting the passage of radiant energy

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16
Q

Radiopaque

A

Pertaining to the property of obstructing the passage of radiant energy

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17
Q

Danger of prolonged exposure to x-Ray

A

Can cause damage to the gonads (testes and ovaries) and depress the hematopoietic system (blood forming system-bone marrow), which can cause leukopenia and leukemia
Secondary radiation: x-rays scatter when they strike radiopaque objects. There is a device called a grid between the x-Ray machine and the patient to absorb the scatter before it reaches the patient

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18
Q

Safety precautions

A

Film badge, lead barrier, lead lined room, protective clothing, gonad shield

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19
Q

Positions used in Radiography

A

Anteroposterior (AP), Posteroanterior Position (PA), Lateral Position (lat.), Supine (on back), Prone (face down), Oblique Position: the body is placed at an angle

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20
Q

Diagnostic imaging

A

Use of x-rays, ultrasounds, radiopharmaceiticals, radiopaque media, and computers to provide the radiologist images of internal body organs and processes.

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21
Q

Computed tomography (CT)

A

Sometimes referred to as CAT scan (computerized axial tomography)

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22
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

Is used to view organs, bones, and other internal body structures. The images body part is exposed to radio waves while in a magnetic field.

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23
Q

Bore

A

Horizontal tube running through the magnet from front to back

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24
Q

Ultrasound

A

Literally means beyond sound, beyond the range of human hearing. It’s energy is transmitted into the patient and, because various internal organs and structures reflect and scatter sound differently, returning the echoes can be used in the form of images

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25
Q

The record produced by ultrasonography is

A

Sonogram or echogram

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26
Q

Doppler echocardiography

A

An adaptation of ultrasound technology, a non evasive technique for determining the blood flow velocity in different locations of the heart.

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27
Q

Thermography

A

Detailed images of body parts are developed from data showing the degree of heat and cold present in the areas being studied

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28
Q

Scintigraphy

A

Involves the production of two-dementional images of tissue areas

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29
Q

Nuclear medicine

A

Field of radiology that uses radioactive substances to produce images of body anatomy and function.

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30
Q

Positron emission tomography (PET)

A

PET scan, a nuclear medicine imaging technique that helps physicians see how the organs and tissues inside the body are actually functioning, involves injecting a very small dose of a radioactive chemical called a radiotracer

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31
Q

Interventional radiology (IR)

A

Branch of medicine in which certain diseases are treated nonoperatively. Usually done outpatient basis

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32
Q

Interventional radiologist

A

A physician who has had special training in imaging and who specializes in treating diseases percutaneously

33
Q

Treatment of disease by ionizing radiation is called

A

Radiotherapy, x-Ray therapy, cobalt treatment, or simply radiation therapy.

34
Q

-gram

35
Q

Angiocardiogram

A

X-Ray record of the heart and great vessels made visible through the use of raidiopaque contrast medium

36
Q

-graphy

A

Recording, making an x-Ray record

37
Q

Barium (Ba) sulfate

A

Radiopaque barium compound used as a contrast medium in x-ray examination of the digestive tract; may be administered orally or via a barium enema (BE)

38
Q

Bronchogram

A

X-Ray record of the bronchial tree made visible through the use of a raidiopaque contrast medium.

39
Q

Cassette

A

Light-proof case or holder for x-Ray film

40
Q

Cholangiogram

A

X-Ray record of the bike ducts made visible through the use of a raidiopaque contrast medium

41
Q

Cinematoradiography

A

Process of making an x-Ray record of an organ in motion

42
Q

Curie (Ci)

A

Unit of radioactivity

43
Q

Dose

A

Amount of medication or radiation to be administered

44
Q

Film

A

Thin, cellulose-coated, light-sensitive sheet or slip of material used in taking pictures

45
Q

Fluorescence

A

Property of certain substances to emit light as a result of exposure to and absorption of radiant energy

46
Q

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

A

X-Ray record of the kidney and renal pelvis made visible through the use of an injected radiopaque contrast medium

47
Q

Ion

A

Atomic particle consisting of an atom or a group of atoms that carry an electrical charge, either negative or positive

48
Q

Ionometer

A

Instrument used to measure the amount of radiation used by x-rays or radioactive substances

49
Q

Ionotherapy

A

Treatment by introducing ions into the body

50
Q

-meter

A

Instrument to measure

51
Q

Irradiation

A

Process of using x-rays, radium rays, or infrared rays in the diagnosis or therapeutic treatment of a patient

52
Q

Lead (Pb)

A

Metallic chemical element, protective shielding against x-rays

53
Q

Lymphangiogram

A

X-Ray record of the lymph vessels made visible with raid opaque contrast medium

54
Q

Mammography

A

Process of obtaining x-ray pictures of the breast using a low-dose x-Ray system

55
Q

Millicurie (mCi)

A

Unit of radioactivity

56
Q

Myelogram

A

X-Ray record of the spinal cord made visible with a radiopaque contrast medium

57
Q

Physicist

A

Literal means one who specializes in nature; person who studies the energy, mass, and laws of nature

58
Q

myel/o

A

Spinal cord

59
Q

physic

60
Q

-ist

A

One who specializes

61
Q

Rad

A

Amount of radiation absorbed ; the letters stand for radiation absorbed dose

62
Q

Radiodermatitis

A

Inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to x-rays or radioactive substances

63
Q

-er

64
Q

Radilucent

A

Pertaining to the property of permitting the passage of radiant energy

65
Q

Radiopaque

A

Pertaining to the property of obstructing the passage of radiant energy

66
Q

Radium (Ra)

A

Radioactive isotope used to treat certain malignant diseases

67
Q

Roentgen (R)

A

International unit for describing exposure dose of x-Ray or radiation; badge will be able to record this

68
Q

sail/o

69
Q

Ba

70
Q

BSE

A

Breast self-examination

71
Q

CAT

A

Computerized axial tomography

72
Q

IV

A

Intravenous

73
Q

lat

74
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging

75
Q

PA

A

Posteroanterior

76
Q

PET

A

Positron emission tomography

77
Q

PO

A

Orally, by mouth

78
Q

R

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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