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Medical Terminology > Chapter 20: Radiology and Nuclear Medicine > Flashcards

Chapter 20: Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

chol/e

A

Gall, bile

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2
Q

cinemat/o

A

Motion

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3
Q

ech/o

A

Echo

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4
Q

encephal/o

A

Brain

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5
Q

ion/o or iont/o

A

Ion

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6
Q

myel/o

A

Spinal cord

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7
Q

phot/o

A

Light

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8
Q

pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

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9
Q

sail/o

A

Salivary

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10
Q

son/o

A

Sound

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11
Q

Radiology

A

The scientific discipline of medical imaging using radionuclides, ionizing radiation, nuclear magnetic resonance, and ultrasound.

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12
Q

X-Ray

A

Electromagnetic wave of high energy produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a target in a vacuum tube (x-Ray tube)

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13
Q

Radiologist

A

Physician who specializes in radiology

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14
Q

Characteristics of x-rays

A

1)invisible form of radiant energy, with short wavelengths 2)ionization: process of creation of ions 3)cause fluorescence of certain substances that allows the physician to visualize internal structures 4)allow x-Ray beams to be directed at specific sites to produce a film 5)are able to penetrate substances of different densities 6) destroy body cells

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15
Q

Radiolucent

A

Pertaining to the property of permitting the passage of radiant energy

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16
Q

Radiopaque

A

Pertaining to the property of obstructing the passage of radiant energy

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17
Q

Danger of prolonged exposure to x-Ray

A

Can cause damage to the gonads (testes and ovaries) and depress the hematopoietic system (blood forming system-bone marrow), which can cause leukopenia and leukemia
Secondary radiation: x-rays scatter when they strike radiopaque objects. There is a device called a grid between the x-Ray machine and the patient to absorb the scatter before it reaches the patient

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18
Q

Safety precautions

A

Film badge, lead barrier, lead lined room, protective clothing, gonad shield

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19
Q

Positions used in Radiography

A

Anteroposterior (AP), Posteroanterior Position (PA), Lateral Position (lat.), Supine (on back), Prone (face down), Oblique Position: the body is placed at an angle

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20
Q

Diagnostic imaging

A

Use of x-rays, ultrasounds, radiopharmaceiticals, radiopaque media, and computers to provide the radiologist images of internal body organs and processes.

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21
Q

Computed tomography (CT)

A

Sometimes referred to as CAT scan (computerized axial tomography)

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22
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

Is used to view organs, bones, and other internal body structures. The images body part is exposed to radio waves while in a magnetic field.

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23
Q

Bore

A

Horizontal tube running through the magnet from front to back

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24
Q

Ultrasound

A

Literally means beyond sound, beyond the range of human hearing. It’s energy is transmitted into the patient and, because various internal organs and structures reflect and scatter sound differently, returning the echoes can be used in the form of images

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25
The record produced by ultrasonography is
Sonogram or echogram
26
Doppler echocardiography
An adaptation of ultrasound technology, a non evasive technique for determining the blood flow velocity in different locations of the heart.
27
Thermography
Detailed images of body parts are developed from data showing the degree of heat and cold present in the areas being studied
28
Scintigraphy
Involves the production of two-dementional images of tissue areas
29
Nuclear medicine
Field of radiology that uses radioactive substances to produce images of body anatomy and function.
30
Positron emission tomography (PET)
PET scan, a nuclear medicine imaging technique that helps physicians see how the organs and tissues inside the body are actually functioning, involves injecting a very small dose of a radioactive chemical called a radiotracer
31
Interventional radiology (IR)
Branch of medicine in which certain diseases are treated nonoperatively. Usually done outpatient basis
32
Interventional radiologist
A physician who has had special training in imaging and who specializes in treating diseases percutaneously
33
Treatment of disease by ionizing radiation is called
Radiotherapy, x-Ray therapy, cobalt treatment, or simply radiation therapy.
34
-gram
Record
35
Angiocardiogram
X-Ray record of the heart and great vessels made visible through the use of raidiopaque contrast medium
36
-graphy
Recording, making an x-Ray record
37
Barium (Ba) sulfate
Radiopaque barium compound used as a contrast medium in x-ray examination of the digestive tract; may be administered orally or via a barium enema (BE)
38
Bronchogram
X-Ray record of the bronchial tree made visible through the use of a raidiopaque contrast medium.
39
Cassette
Light-proof case or holder for x-Ray film
40
Cholangiogram
X-Ray record of the bike ducts made visible through the use of a raidiopaque contrast medium
41
Cinematoradiography
Process of making an x-Ray record of an organ in motion
42
Curie (Ci)
Unit of radioactivity
43
Dose
Amount of medication or radiation to be administered
44
Film
Thin, cellulose-coated, light-sensitive sheet or slip of material used in taking pictures
45
Fluorescence
Property of certain substances to emit light as a result of exposure to and absorption of radiant energy
46
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
X-Ray record of the kidney and renal pelvis made visible through the use of an injected radiopaque contrast medium
47
Ion
Atomic particle consisting of an atom or a group of atoms that carry an electrical charge, either negative or positive
48
Ionometer
Instrument used to measure the amount of radiation used by x-rays or radioactive substances
49
Ionotherapy
Treatment by introducing ions into the body
50
-meter
Instrument to measure
51
Irradiation
Process of using x-rays, radium rays, or infrared rays in the diagnosis or therapeutic treatment of a patient
52
Lead (Pb)
Metallic chemical element, protective shielding against x-rays
53
Lymphangiogram
X-Ray record of the lymph vessels made visible with raid opaque contrast medium
54
Mammography
Process of obtaining x-ray pictures of the breast using a low-dose x-Ray system
55
Millicurie (mCi)
Unit of radioactivity
56
Myelogram
X-Ray record of the spinal cord made visible with a radiopaque contrast medium
57
Physicist
Literal means one who specializes in nature; person who studies the energy, mass, and laws of nature
58
myel/o
Spinal cord
59
physic
Nature
60
-ist
One who specializes
61
Rad
Amount of radiation absorbed ; the letters stand for radiation absorbed dose
62
Radiodermatitis
Inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to x-rays or radioactive substances
63
-er
One who
64
Radilucent
Pertaining to the property of permitting the passage of radiant energy
65
Radiopaque
Pertaining to the property of obstructing the passage of radiant energy
66
Radium (Ra)
Radioactive isotope used to treat certain malignant diseases
67
Roentgen (R)
International unit for describing exposure dose of x-Ray or radiation; badge will be able to record this
68
sail/o
Salivary
69
Ba
Barium
70
BSE
Breast self-examination
71
CAT
Computerized axial tomography
72
IV
Intravenous
73
lat
Lateral
74
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
75
PA
Posteroanterior
76
PET
Positron emission tomography
77
PO
Orally, by mouth
78
R
Roentgen

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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