Chapter 17: Female Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
cervic/o
A
cervix, neck
2
Q
coit/o
A
a coming together
3
Q
colp/o
A
vagina
4
Q
culd/o
A
cul-de-sac
5
Q
gyneco/o
A
female
6
Q
hyster/o
A
womb, uterus
7
Q
men/o
A
month, menses, menstruation
8
Q
metr/I or metr/o
A
womb, menses, menstruation
9
Q
o/o
A
ovum, egg
10
Q
oophor/o
A
ovary
11
Q
pareun/o
A
lying beside, sexual intercourse
12
Q
salping/o
A
fallopian tube
13
Q
uter/o
A
uterus
14
Q
venere/o
A
sexual intercourse
15
Q
vers/o
A
turning
16
Q
uterus
A
provides a place for the nourishment and development of the fetus during pregnancy, contracts powerfully to help push out the fetus during birthing
17
Q
fallopian tubes
A
serve as ducts to convey the ovum from the ovary to the uterus and to convey spermatozoa from the uterus toward each ovary; also called uterine tubes or oviducts
18
Q
function of the ovaries
A
produce the ova, female reproductive cells, and are endocrine glands that produce hormones: estrogen and progesterone
19
Q
vagina
A
female organ of copulation (sexual intercourse), serves as a passageway for the discharge of menstruation and a passageway for the birth of a fetus; it is the musculomembranous tube extending from the vestibule to the uterus
20
Q
mons pubis
A
provides pad of fatty tissue
21
Q
vulva
A
external female genitalia
22
Q
labia majora
A
provides two folds of adipose tissue
23
Q
labia minora
A
lying within the labia majora, encloses the vestibule
24
Q
vestibule
A
serves as the enterance to the urethra,, the vagina, and two excretory ducts of Barthonlin’s glands
25
clitoris
erectile tissue that is homologous (similar) to the penis of the male; produces pleasurable sensations
26
breasts
following childbirth, mammary glands produce milk
27
anteflexion
normal position of the uterus
28
three layers of the uterus
perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
29
perimetrium
outer layer
30
myometrium
muscular middle layer
31
endometrium
the mucuus membrane lining the inner surface of the uterus.
32
retroversion
turned backward with the cervix pointing forward toward the symphysis pubis
33
retroflexion
bent backward at an angle with the cervix usually unchanged from its normal position
34
anteversion
fundus turned forward toward the pubis with the cervix tilted up toward the sacrum/ pg 595
35
Three layers of the fallopian tubes
serosa: outer most layer composed of connective tissue; the muscular layer smooth muscle; mucosa or inner layer containing columnar epithelium.
36
fertilization
the process in which a sperm penetrates an ovum and unites with it
37
zygote
the resulting cell of a single sperm penetrating the ovum
38
morula
when the zygote begins to divide forming a solid mass of cells
39
embryo
stage of development between weeks 2 and 8
40
blastocyst
hollow ball of cells which consists of an outer layer of cells and an inner cell mass
41
yolk sac
is the site of formation of the first red blood cells and the cells that will become ovum and sperm
42
ovaries
almond shaped organs attached to the uterus by the ovarian ligament
43
suspensory ligaments
each ovary is attached to the side of the pelvis by these
44
mesovarium
portion of the peritoneal fold that attached the anterior border of each ovary to the posterior layer of the broad ligament
45
The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which produces the gonadotropic hormones FSH and LH primarily control the functional activity of the ovaries.
Follicle-stimulation hormone, and Luteinizing hormone
46
hymen
A fold of mucous membrane, that partially covers the external opening of the vagina. If you have this you are considered a virgin
47
ovulation
each month a graafian follicle ruptures on the ovarian cortex, and an ovum discharges in to the pelvic cavity, where it enters the fallopian tube
48
vulva
Consists of the Mons pubis, Labia majora, labia minora, vestibule, and clitoris
49
perineum
the region bounded by the inferior edges of the pelvis, in the female it is located between the vulva and the anus. This is where an episiotomy is performed
50
breasts
mammary glands, alveolar structures consisting of 15-20 grandular tissue lobes separated by the septa of connective tissue
51
prolactin
the hormone which is produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary that stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk after childbirth
52
colostrum
a thin yellowish secretion, is the first milk and contains mainly serum and WBCs
53
oxytocin
the hormone that is released by the baby's suckling that stimulated the uterus to contract and promotes the return of the uterus to its normal nonpregnant size and state
54
menstrual cycle
starts at the age of puberty 11-12 yrs old, and ceases at menopause. Menstruation occurs every 21-40 days and has three phases: the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase
55
follicular phase
menstruation, which marks the first day of the follicular phase and is shedding of the endometrium. The average is 4-5 days
56
ovulatory phase
stimulation of estrogen, the ovulatory phase occurs 14 days before menstruation
57
luteal or secretory phase
follows ovulation and lasts about 14 days, unless fertilization occurs, and ends just before a menstrual period
58
premenstrual or ischemic time period
about 2 days and ends with the occurrence of menstruation
59
Obstetrics (OB)
the branch of medicine that pertains to the care of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum periods
60
Pregnancy
last 40 wks or 280 days, or 3 segments of 3 months called trimesters
61
4 stages of pregnancy
Prenatal stage: time between conception and labor Labor: time period during which forceful contractions move the fetus down the birth canal and expel it from the uterus during childbirth; Parturition: childbirth or delivery and Postpartum period: or puerperium 6 wks after childbirth and expulsion of the placenta
62
Labor
the process by which forceful contraction move the fetus down the birth canal and expel it from the uterus during childbirth
63
Stages of Labor
1. Dilation 2. Expulsion 3. Placental
64
Newborn assessment
Apgar Score: Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration
65
adnexa
accessory parts of a structure; adnexa uteri refers to the ovaries and fallopian tubes
66
amenorrhea
lack of monthly flow
67
colposcope
medical instrument to examine the vagina and cervix by means of a magnifying lens
68
cystocele
hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina
69
dysmenorrhea
difficult or painful monthly flow (menses or menstruation)
70
dyspareunia
difficult or painful sexual intercourse (copulation)
71
ectopic pregnancy
when a pregnancy the occurs when the fertilized egg is implanted in one of the various sites, the most common being the fallopian tube. It is best to abort this kind of pregnancy rather then to wait for it to abort itself.
72
The release of FSH and LH has to happen before ovulation can occur
Yeah!
73
The corpus luteum is producing progesterone until fertilization takes place, then the placenta produces it.
Yeah!
74
Stages of fetal growth
fertilization, weeks 1-2 conceptus, weeks-3-8 embryo, weeks 9-12 fetus
75
endometriosis
Pathological condition in which endometrial tissue has been displaced to various sites in the abdominal or pelvic cavity. Because it is outside the uterus and cannot cast off each month, the tissue causes bleeding, with the formation of scars and adhesions.
76
gynecologist
physician who specializes in the study of the female, especially the diseases of the female reproductive organs and the breasts
77
intrauterine
pertaining to within the uterus
78
lumpectomy
surgical removal of a tumor from the breast
79
mammoplasty
surgical repair of the breast
80
mastectomy
surgical excision of the breast
81
menarche
beginning of the monthly flow (menses, menstruation)
82
menopause
Cessation of the monthly flow; also called climacteric
83
menorrhagia
excessive uterine bleeding at the time of a menstrual period, either in number of days or amount of blood or both
84
-rrhagia
to burst forth
85
mittelschmerz
abdominal pain that occurs midway between the menstrual periods at ovulation
86
oligomenorrhea
scanty monthly flow (menses, menstruation)
87
oogenesis
formation of the ovum
88
oophorectomy
surgical excision of an ovary
89
ovulation
process in which an ovum is discharged from the cortex of the ovary
90
ovulat
little egg
91
Postcoital
Pertaining to after intercourse
92
retroversion
process of being turned backward, such as the displacement of the uterus with the cervix pointed forward
93
salpingooophorectomy
surgical excision of the ovary and fallopian tube
94
venereal
pertaining to or resulting from sexual intercourse
95
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina and cervix via a colposcope. Abnormal results can indicate cervical or vaginal erosion, tumors, and dysplasia
96
cordocentesis
examine blood from the fetus to detect fetal abnormalities
97
nysterosalpinography
x-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes after the injection of a radiopaque substance
98
laparoscopy
visual examination of the abdominal cavity
99
lapar/o
abd
100
papanicolaou (Pap) smear
screening technique to aid in the detection of cervical cancer
101
TORCH panel
screen for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV)
102
AB
Abortion
103
AH
abdominal hysterectomy
104
D and C
dilation and curettage
105
FHB
fetal heart beat
106
hCG
human chorionic gonadotropin
107
IUD
intrauterine device
108
LH
luteinizing hormone
109
OB
obstetrics
110
Pap
Papanicolaou (smear)
111
PID
Pelvic inflammatory disease
112
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
113
STDs
sexually transmitted diseases
114
TSS
Toxic shock syndrome
