Chapter 20 (finals)

Question 1

discomfort in the digestive tract; can be physical or psychological in origin.
Heartburn, bloating, pain, regurgitation?

Answer 1

Dyspepsia

Question 2

A part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity
This prevents the food from moving normally along the digestive tract.
Heartburn and food regurgitation into the mouth can occur?

Answer 2

Hiatal Hernia

Question 2

Irritation of the mucosa of esophagus
Causes heartburn, regurgitation and dysphagia
Can be acute or chronic
Causes include hiatal hernia reduced lower esophageal sphincter pressure, abdominal pressure, recurrent vomiting, alcohol use, overweight, and smoking?

Answer 2

Esophagitis

Question 3

Erosion of the mucous membrane
Can occur in the stomach or the duodenum
Predisposing factors: genetics, high secretion of hydrochloric acid, stress, excessive use of aspirin or ibuprofen, smoking, Helicobacter pylori bacteria
Symptoms include gastric pain and sometimes hemorrhage?

Answer 3

Peptic Ulcer

Question 3

is an intestinal disorder characterized by little pockets in the sides of the large intestine where food gets trapped.can result from bacteria breeding in these pockets?

Answer 3

Diverticulosis

Question 4

A chronic condition causing inflammation in the GI tract such as in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease?

Answer 4

Inflammatory bowel disease

Question 5

causes inflammation and ulceration of the colon, the rectum or, sometimes, the entire large intestine?

Answer 5

Ulcerative Colitis

Question 6

a chronic progressive disorder that can affect both the small and large intestines?

Answer 6

Crohn’s disease

Question 6

a surgical opening from the body surface to the intestine for the purpose of defecation: from ileum to abdomen surface?

Answer 6

Ileostomy

Question 6

a surgical opening from the body surface to the intestine for the purpose of defecation: from colon to abdomen surface
May be temporary or permanent?

Answer 6

Colostomy

Question 6

Also called gluten sensitivity
Characterized by malabsorption of virtually all nutrients
Symptoms include diarrhea, weight loss, and malnutrition; stools are foul-smelling, light-colored, and bulky
Cause is unknown, but eliminating gluten from the diet helps?

Answer 6

Celiac disease

Question 7

A general term for liver disease characterized by cell loss.
Liver disease may be acute or chronic.
Most often caused by alcohol abuse
Other causes include congenital defects, infections, or other toxic chemicals?

Answer 7

Cirrhosis

Question 8

Dietary recommendations pt with cirrhosis: least ___or more per kg of weight, and ___of protein per kg of weight each day?

Answer 8

25 to 35 calories;0.8 to 1.0 g

Question 9

Inflammation of the liver.
Caused by viruses or toxic agents such as drugs and alcohol?

Answer 9

Hepatitis

Question 10

contracted through contaminated drinking water, food, and sewage via a fecal-oral route?

Answer 10

Hepatitis A

Question 11

Hepatitis: transmitted through blood, blood products, semen, and saliva; can lead to chronic active hepatitis (CAH), which is diagnosed by liver biopsy?

Answer 11

Hepatitis B and C

Question 12

inflammation of gallbladder?

Answer 12

Cholecystitis

Question 12

high-fiber diet is often ___?

Answer 12

25 to 35 g

Question 12

5 to 10 g of fiber a day is intended to reduce the normal work of the intestines by reducing food residue?

Answer 12

Low-fiber diet

Question 13

gallstones?

Answer 13

Cholelithiasis

Question 13

Inflammation of the pancreas
May be caused by infections, surgery, alcoholism, biliary tract disease, or certain drugs
May be acute or chronic
Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, steatorrhea from malabsorption, and weight loss?

Answer 13

Pancreatitis