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Nutrition and diet Therapy (LECTURE) > CHAPTER 1 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Chemical substances necessary for life?
Functions
Provide energy
Build and repair tissue
Regulate body processes: circulation, respiration, digestion, and elimination

A

NUTRIENTS

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2
Q

What are the 6 classes of nutrients?

A

Carbohydrates
Fats (lipids)
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

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3
Q

those found only in foods?

A

Essential Nutrients

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3
Q

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins?

A

ORGANIC NUTRIENTS

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4
Q

Must be broken down before use
Contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Function: provide energy, regulate body processes, and repair tissues?

A

ORGANIC NUTRIENTS

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4
Q

Water and Minerals?

A

INORGANIC NUTRIENTS

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5
Q

Provide major source of energy
Examples: cereal grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and sugars?

A

CARBOHYDRATES

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5
Q

In simplest form when ingested
Function: regulate body processes?

A

INORGANIC NUTRIENTS

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6
Q

Provide energy
Highest kilocalorie value
Sources: meats, milk, cream, butter, cheese, egg yolks, oils, nuts?

A

FATS (LIPIDS)

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7
Q

Build and repair body tissues
Provide energy
Only one of the six nutrients that contain nitrogen
Sources: meats, fish, poultry, eggs, milk, cheese, corn, grains, nuts, and seeds?

A

PROTEINS

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7
Q

Inorganic compounds
Regulate body processes
Examples: calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chloride, iron, magnesium, and zinc?

A

MINERALS

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7
Q

Organic compounds
Regulate body processes
Examples: vitamins A, B, C, D, E, and K?

A

VITAMINS

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8
Q

Major constituent of all living cells
Composed of hydrogen and oxygen?

A

WATER

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9
Q

Excess energy or nutrient intake?

A

OVERNUTRITION

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9
Q

Nutrient Deficiency: inadequate dietary intake?

A

PRIMARY

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9
Q

Deficient energy or nutrient intake?

A

UNDERNUTRITION

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9
Q

Cumulative Effects of Nutrition: atherosclerosis- obesity, hypertension, diabetes, gallbladder disease, some cancers?

A

EXCESS

9
Q

Cumulative Effects of Nutrition: iron deficiency, beriberi, scurvy osteomalacia osteoporosis, rickets goiter?

A

DEFICIENCY

10
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
Beriberi

A

THIAMIN

10
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
Iron-deficiency anemia

A

IRON

11
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
Night blindness

A

VITAMIN A

11
Q

Nutrient Deficiency: due to causes other than dietary intake?

A

SECONDARY

12
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
KWASHIORKOR

A

PROTEIN

13
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
GOITER

A

IODINE

14
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks: Marasmus

A

ALL NUTRIENTS

14
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
OSTEOMALACIA

A

CALCIUM, VIT D, PHOSPHORUS, MAGNESIUM, AND FLOURIDE

14
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
OSTEOPEROSIS

A

CALCIUM AND VIT D

15
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
PELLAGRA

A

NIACIN

16
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
RICKETS

A

CALCIUM AND VITAMIN D

17
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
SCURVY

A

VITAMIN C

18
Q

Deficiency Diseases give the nutrients it lacks:
XEROPHTHALMIA

A

VITAMIN A

19
Q

What are the 4 nutritional assessment?

A
  1. Anthropometric measurements
  2. Clinical examination
  3. Biochemical tests
  4. Dietary and social history
19
Q

NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT: Pallor, blue half circles beneath eyes
Edema
Bumpy “gooseflesh
Lesions at corner of mouth. Possible deficiencies
Iron, copper, zinc, B12, B6, biotin
Protein
Vitamin A
Riboflavin

A

Clinical Examination

20
Q

NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT:
Height
Weight
Head, chest, and abdominal circumference (children)
Upper arm measurement
Skinfold

A

Anthropometric Measurements

21
Q

NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT: Serum albumin level
and Serum transferrin level?

A

BIOCHEMICAL TESTS

22
Q

It Measures main protein in blood and
Determines protein status?

A

SERUM ALBUMIN LEVEL

23
Q

Indicates iron-carrying protein in blood
INCREASE indicates iron stores low
DECREASE indicates body lacks protein?

A

SERUM TRANSFERRIN LEVEL

23
Q

client interviewed by the dietitian and asked to give types, amounts, and preparation of all foods eaten in past 24 hours?

A

24-HOUR RECALL

23
Q

written record of all food and drink ingested in a specified period?

A

FOOD DIARY

24
Q

Indicates amount of creatinine excreted in urine over a 24-hour period
Used in estimating body muscle mass
Muscle mass depleted, as in malnutrition; level will be low?

A

CREATININE EXCRETION

24
Q

to determine nutrient deficiencies or toxicities?

A

COMPUTER DIET ANALYSIS

24
Q

Consideration of financial resources to obtain needed food, and to properly store and cook food?

A

SOCIAL HISTORY

Nutrition and diet Therapy (LECTURE) (9 decks)

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