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Nutrition and diet Therapy (LECTURE) > CHAPTER 11(Finals) > Flashcards

CHAPTER 11(Finals) Flashcards

Diet during pregnancy

1
Q

Weight gain during pregnancy: Average weight gain for normal weight women?

A

25-35 pounds

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2
Q

Weight gain during pregnancy: underweight women should gain?

A

28-40 pounds

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3
Q

Weight gain during pregnancy: how many weight should a pregnant women should gain in first trimester?

A

2-4 pound weight gain.

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4
Q

Weight gain during pregnancy: how many weight should a pregnant women should gain in second and third trimester?

A

1 pound/ week

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5
Q

How many additional calories needed during the second and third trimesters?

A

300 calories

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6
Q

What supplementation prior to conception decreases risk of brain and spinal cord defects?

A

Folic Acid

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7
Q

Excess vitamin A in a pregnant women can cause?

A

birth defects

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7
Q

What is the protein requirement for pregnant women over age 25?

A

increased by 20%; 25% for pregnant adolescent

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8
Q

How many vitamin
D requirement for pregnant women?

A

10 microgram

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9
Q

Concerns during pregnancy: “Morning sickness” occurs most commonly in first trimester.

A

Nausea

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9
Q

How many vitamin
E requirement for pregnant women?

A

5 microgram

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10
Q

How many vitamin
K requirement for pregnant women?

A

75-90 microgram depending upon age

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11
Q

Concerns during pregnancy: Occurs when the nausea becomes so severe that it is life-threatening?

A

HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDUM

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12
Q

Concerns during pregnancy: Caused by relaxed gastrointestinal tract due to progesterone?

A

CONSTIPATION

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13
Q

Concerns during pregnancy: Caused by pressure on the stomach by the growing fetus and relaxation of the cardiac sphincter?

A

HEARTBURN

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14
Q

Formerly called pre-eclampsia or toxemia. Characterized by high blood pressure, presence of protein in the urine, and edema in third trimester. May progress into the eclamptic stage with convulsions, coma, and possible death of the mother and infant?

A

PREGNANCY-INDUCED HYPERTENSION

15
Q

Most common from of anemia?

A

IRON- DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

16
Q

It is the craving for nonfood substances such as starch, clay (soil), or ice?

A

PICA

17
Q

It is a a condition caused by an insufficiency of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or blood volume. Causes weakness, fatigue, poor appetite, and pallor?

A

ANEMIA

18
Q

Folate deficiency may lead to?

A

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA

19
Q

It is characterized by a growth deficiency, central nervous system dysfunction, microcephaly (small head), and other physical characteristics. It causes fewer physical defects, but many behavioral and psychosocial problems?

A

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME

19
Q

Caffeine intake should be limited to?

A

less than 300 mg/day

20
Q

It is associated with low birth weights, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), fetal death, spontaneous abortions, and complications at birth?

A

TOBACCO SMOKING

21
Q

It is the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant?

A

LACTATION

22
Q

Drugs derived from ____ can cause fetal malformations and spontaneous abortions?

A

Vitamin A

22
Q

Nutrient Requirements during Lactation: The Food and Nutrition Board suggests an increase of ?

A

500 calories a day

23
Q

What is the complications of overweight pregnant women?

A

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

23
Q

What is the normal weight of a newborn baby?

A

2.5 -3.5 kg; 2500 - 3500 g

24
Q

If the newborn baby’s weight is more than 2.5- 3.5 kg, what is it called?

A

Fetal Macrosomia; macrosomic baby

25
Q

____of the mother is related to both mental and physical birth defects?

A

Inadequate nutrition

25
Q

Human milk is introduced to baby from birth until____?

A

6 months-2 years old

26
Q

Human milk contains at least ___ ingredients not found in formula?

A

100

27
Q

What are the benefits of breastfeeding for the infants?

A

-Lower incidence of ear infections
-diarrhea
-allergies
-hospital admission
-antibodies from breastmilk
-good jaw development
-decreases the risk of obesity
-Facilitates bonding

28
Q

Nutrient requirements during lactation: the food and nutrition board suggests an increase of ___ calories a day?

A

500 calories a day

Nutrition and diet Therapy (LECTURE) (20 decks)

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