Chapter 20-Arthropods: Invertebrates with Jointed Feet

Question 1

What term refers to invertebrates with jointed appendages, and makes up more than three fourths of all species in the animal kingdom, and include such familiar creatures as insects, spiders, crayfish, centipedes, and millipedes?

Answer 1

Arthropods

Question 2

What is the strong, lightweight and flexible external skeleton that arthropods have in place of an internal backbone like vertebrates?

Answer 2

Exoskeleton

Question 3

The exoskeleton of an arthropod is composed of ____________, a substance that is chemically similar to cellulose or starch, and when reinforced by special proteins or by hard minerals, it can be as strong as bone.

Answer 3

Chitin

Question 4

What is the term that refers to scientists who study insects?

Answer 4

Entomologist

Question 5

What is the process by which insects mature called?

Answer 5

Metamorphosis

Question 6

What are the two types of metamorphosis?

Answer 6

Incomplete

Complete

Question 7

What type of metamorphosis is it when the insect begins life as an egg which hatches into a nymph?

Answer 7

Incomplete metamorphosis

Question 8

In incomplete metamorphosis the insect begins life as an egg which hatches into a _____________, an immature form of the insect that looks much like the adult but has different body proportions and lacks wings.

Answer 8

Nymph

Question 9

What type of metamorphosis is it when the egg develops into a larva, which is a wormlike eating and growing stage?

Answer 9

Complete metamorphosis

Question 10

What are the three distinct body regions that the bodies of insects are divided into?

Answer 10

Head
Thorax
Abdomen

Question 11

What is the front segment of the grasshopper’s body that have antennae attached to it?

Answer 11

Head

Question 12

What is an eye that is composed of many independent lenses and “retinas,” giving the eye a faceted appearance under a microscope?

Answer 12

Compound eye

Question 13

The components of an insect’s mouth are known as:

Answer 13

Mouthparts

Question 14

What is the middle part of a grasshopper’s body that is divided into the three segments of the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax?

Answer 14

Thorax

Question 15

What is the rearmost portion of the grasshopper’s body that contains many of the insect’s vital organs, including the heart, much of the digestive system, and most of the respiratory and excretory system?

Answer 15

Abdomen

Question 16

What is the largest and most diverse group of animals, and are animals without backbones?

Answer 16

Invertebrates

Question 17

What is an insect with a half-wing design and piercing-sucking mouthparts which it uses to suck sap from plants and body fluids from animals?

Answer 17

Bug

Question 18

What is the term that refers to the most common insects of the order Hymenoptera, and includes ants, bees, and wasps?

Answer 18

Social insects

Question 19

What kind of bee of the honeybee colony is the egg-laying female?

Answer 19

Queen

Question 20

What kind of bee of the honeybee colony is the male?

Answer 20

Drones

Question 21

What kind of bee of the honeybee colony is the non-egg-laying female?

Answer 21

Worker

Question 22

What are some important orders of insects?

Answer 22

Orthoptera (straight-winged)
Odonata (toothed)
Hemiptera (half-winged)
Homoptera (same-winged)
Lepidoptera (scale-winged)
Diptera (two-winged)
Coleoptera (sheath-winged)
Hymenoptera (membrane-winged)

Question 23

Spiders and daddy longlegs, mites and ticks, and scorpions are small, insectlike arthropods that constitute the class:

Answer 23

Arachnida

Question 24

Spiders have two distinct body regions–a fused head and thorax called a:

Answer 24

Cephalothorax

Question 25

A pair of short appendages called _______________, which the spider uses to seize and to kill or crush its prey, is located below the spider’s eyes.

Answer 25

Chelicerae

Question 26

What is an appendage that looks like a small leg, is attached to each side of a spider’s mouth, and is used to cut and crush its food?

Answer 26

Pedipalp

Question 27

The spider’s respiratory system consists of the tracheae and the _______________, which is made up of at least 15 extremely thin, flat folds of tissue forming parallel air pockets.

Answer 27

Book lungs

Question 28

At the tip of the abdomen in most spiders are three pairs of short, fingerlike ______________, the organs which the spider uses to spin silk.

Answer 28

Spinnerets

Question 29

Millipedes and ______________ are caterpillarlike creatures that are often confused with each other, but there are significant differences between the two classes.

Answer 29

Centipedes

Question 30

What are some examples of arachnids?

Answer 30

Harvestmen (long-legged arachnids)
Scorpions (stinging arachnids)
Mites and ticks (dangerous arachnids)

Question 31

What are two arthropods with many legs?

Answer 31

Centipedes

Millipedes

Question 32

What is the especially hard outer shell of the crayfish that provides the vital organs with an additional defense against hungry predators?

Answer 32

Carapace

Question 33

What is the forward extension of the carapace of the crayfish that protects the well-defined head?

Answer 33

Rostrum

Question 34

What are the first three sets of appendages of the crayfish that are designed to help the crayfish keep a firm grip on its food, and are also called “jaw feet”?

Answer 34

Maxillipeds

Question 35

What are the crayfish’s abdominal appendages that are found on the body segments that meme up the abdomen?

Answer 35

Swimmerets

Question 36

On a crayfish, the swimmerets on the sixth segment form a ______________ (flipper) which the crayfish uses for swimming.

Answer 36

Uropod

Question 37

What are the crayfish’s special excretory organs that function like kidneys to remove wastes from the blood, and lie in front of the stomach and open to the outside near the base of the antennae?

Answer 37

Green glands