Chapter 20 Flashcards

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1
Q

nucleic acid hybridization

A

the base pairing of one strand of a nucleic acid to a complementary sequence

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2
Q

DNA sequencing

A

how researchers exploit the principle of complementary base pairing to determine the complete nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule

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3
Q

genetic engineering

A

the direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes

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4
Q

DNA cloning

A

methods for preparing well defined segments of DNA in multiple identical copies

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5
Q

plasmids

A

small circular DNA molecules that are replicated separately

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6
Q

recombinant DNA molecule

A

a molecule containing DNA from two different sources

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7
Q

cloning vector

A

a DNA molecule that can carry foreign DNA into a host cell and be replicated

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8
Q

restriction enzymes

A

enzymes that cut DNA molecules at a limited number of specific locations

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9
Q

restriction site

A

a short DNA sequence where a restriction enzyme is located

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10
Q

restriction fragments

A

when a restriction enzyme makes many cuts in a such a DNA molecule

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11
Q

sticky end

A

at least one single stranded end at the end of a double stranded restriction fragment

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12
Q

complementary DNA

A

made from mRNA and lacks introns. can be used for protein expression in bacteria

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13
Q

reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction

A

a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single stranded RNA into DNA

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14
Q

Genomic libraries

A

ex. plasmid library, phage library
can be a delivery system for bacteria

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15
Q

how viruses replicate

A

replicate only in host cell, cannot replicate themselves, steal genetic information

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