Chapter 14

Question 1

Character

Answer 1

Heritable feature

Question 2

Trait

Answer 2

Variant for a character

Question 3

True-breeding

Answer 3

Plants that produce offspring off the same variety, basically homologous

Question 4

Hybridization

Answer 4

Two contrasting true breeding varieties being bred

Question 5

P generation

Answer 5

True breeding parents

Question 6

F 1 generation

Answer 6

Hybrid offspring of P generation

Question 7

F 2 generation

Answer 7

Offspring of F I generation

Question 8

Law of segregation

Answer 8

Two alleles for a heritable character segregate during gamete formatives and end up in different gametes

Question 9

Alleles

Answer 9

Alternative versions of genes

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

Observable traits

Question 11

Genotype

Answer 11

Genetic makeup

Question 12

Test cross

Answer 12

Breeding an organism of unknown genotype with a recessive homozygote

Question 13

Law of independent assortment

Answer 13

Two or more genes assort independently - that is, each pair of alleles segregates independently of any other pair of alleles - during gamete formation

Question 14

Dihybrid

Answer 14

Heterozygous parents

Question 15

Addition rule

Answer 15

Probability that any one of two or more mutually exclusive events will occur is calculated by adding their probabilities together

Question 16

Incomplete dominance

Answer 16

When neither allele displays full dominance

Question 17

Codominance

Answer 17

Two alleles affect the phenotype in distinguishable ways, example blood type

Question 18

Pleiotropy

Answer 18

Multiple phenotypic effects

Question 19

epistasis

Answer 19

Phenotypic expression of a gene at one locus alters that of a gene at a second locus