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AAOS Anatomy and Physiology Vocabulary > Chapter 2 - Cells Questions > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Cells Questions Flashcards

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0
Q

What substance helps to maintain the inner cell membrane stable?

A

Cholesterol

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1
Q

What are the 3 basic parts of a cell

A

Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

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2
Q

What is mucus?

A

A fluid that lubricates the tissues in the mucous membrane and also help immune function by trapping foreign matter

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3
Q

What does the mucus membranes line ?

A

Tubular organs
Oral and nasal cavities
Respiratory tract
Urinary tract

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4
Q

What are the 4 types of transport ?

A

Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport

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5
Q

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum

A

Smooth and rough

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6
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in what

A

The building of proteins

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7
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in what

A

Building lipids (fats)

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8
Q

What does cytosol contain?

A 
Water (mostly)
Glucose
Amino acids
Fatty acids 
Ions
Lipids
Proteins
ATP
Waste products
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9
Q

Where is the site of many chemical reactions

A

In the cytosol

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10
Q

What is cytokinesis

A

The division of the cytoplasm of a cell

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11
Q

What are the 4 phases of mitosis

A

Prophase (two new centriole pairs move to opposite ends of the cell)

Metaphase (chromosomes align near the middle portion between the centrioles, and spindle fibers attach to them)

Anaphase (centromere secretions of each chromosomes, and move toward opposite ends of the cell)(cytokinesis begins here)

Telophase (chromosomes arrive at each pole, and new nuclear membranes form)

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12
Q

4 types of cells?

A

Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissues

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13
Q

Example of epithelial tissues?

A

Body surfaces (skin)

Cover and lining internal organs (gallbladder)

Make up the glands (enabling secretion and absorption to occur throughout the body)

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14
Q

Name the 9 types of epithelial tissues

A 
Simple squamous 
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Pseudostratified columnar
Stratified squamous
Stratified cuboidal
Stratified columnar
Transitional
Glandular
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15
Q

Location of simple squamous tissue

A

Air sacs of lungs
Capillary walls
Lining of lymph
Blood vessels

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16
Q

Function of simple squamous

A

Diffusion
Filtration
Osmosis
Covering of surfaces

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17
Q

Simple cuboidal location

A

Ovary surfaces
Kidney tubule lining
Linings of the ducts of certain glands

18
Q

Simple cuboidal function

A

Absorption

Secretion

19
Q

Simple columnar location

A

Intestine
Stomach
Uterus linings

20
Q

Simple columnar function

A

Absorption
Protection
Secretion

21
Q

Pseudostratified columnar location

A

Respiratory passage linings

22
Q

Pseudostratified columnar function

A

Movement of mucus
Protection
Secretion

23
Q

Stratified squamous location

A 
Outer layer of skin
Lining if anal canal
Oral cavity
Thoat
Vagina
24
Q

Stratified squamous function

A

Protection

25
Q

Stratified cuboidal location

A

Linings of larger mammary gland ducts
Pancreas
Salivary glands
Sweat glands

26
Q

Stratified cuboidal function

A

Protection

27
Q

Stratified columnar location

A

Part of make urethra and parts of the pharynx

28
Q

Stratified columnar function

A

Protection

Secretion

29
Q

Transitional location

A

Inner urinary bladder lining
Lining if ureters
Part of urethra

30
Q

Transitional function

A

Distensibility

Protection

31
Q

Glandular location

A

Endocrine
Salivary
Swear glands

32
Q

Glandular function

A

Secretion

33
Q

What are the three general categories of connective tissues?

A

Connective tissue proper
Supporting connective tissues
Fluid connecting tissues

34
Q

Division of connective tissue proper

A

Dense connective tissue

Loose connective tissue

35
Q

Division of loose connective tissue

A

Adipose
Areolar
Reticular connective

36
Q

Locations of adipose tissue

A 
Beneath the skin
Between muscles
Around kidneys
Behind the eyes
In certain membranes of abdomen 
Hearts surface
Around some joints
37
Q

Areolar tissue characteristics

A

Binds skin to under lying body organs

Fills space between muscles

38
Q

Reticular connective tissue characteristic

A

Helps create framework inside internal organs such as spleen and liver.

39
Q

What are two types of supporting connective tissue

A

Cartilage

Bone

40
Q

The five layers of the scalp are?

A 
Skin
Subcutaneous tissue
Muscle
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum
41
Q

Fontanelles of children close at what age

A

18 months

42
Q

What are the three major triangles that lie within the neck

A

Anterior triangle
Carotid triangle
Posterior triangle

AAOS Anatomy and Physiology Vocabulary (13 decks)

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