Chapter 1 - Human Anatomy and Physiology: An Overview Questions Flashcards
What’s the major function of the skeletal system?
It is composed of 206 bones and provides the essential functions of support, movement, and protection for the structures of the body
When does a disease occur?
When the body can not maintain homeostasis.
What is the major functions of the muscular system?
Is composed of fibers that contract, causing movement. The body contains three types of muscles: skeletal (striated), smooth and cardiac.
What is the major function of the lymphatic system?
Is a passive circulatory system that transports lymph, a thin plasma-like fluid formed from interstitial or extracellular fluid that bathes the tissues of the body.
What is the major function of the immune system?
Is integrally related to the lymphatic system and is the body system that mounts a defense against foreign substances and disease-causing agents.
What is the major function of the nervous system
Is a complex array of structures that help control body activities, both voluntary and involuntary
What is the major function of the gastrointestinal system
Is composed of structures and organs involved in the consumption, digestion, and elimination of food
What is the major function of the urinary system
Removes waste products from the blood and buy a complex filtration process, producing urine
What is the major function of the reproductive system
Includes the structures, both female and male, that are responsible for sexual reproduction
What is the major function of the endocrine system
Consist of glands located throughout the body that secrete proteins called hormones to regulate body functions
What is the major function of the integumentary system
Because the skin, nails, hair and sweat and oil glands
What is the organizational levels of the body
Atoms Molecules Macromolecules Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ system Organism
What are the two aspects in which a hip can be dislocated?
Anterior and posterior
In an anterior hip dislocation how is it positioned
Foot is externally rotated and the head of the femur is palpable in the inguinal area
Posterior hip location positioning
Most common type
The knee and foot are flexed internally.
Describe a fracture of the distal radius
Produces a characteristic silver fork deformity.
What are the three common forms of radiation
Alpha
Beta
Gamma (most penetrating type, similar to x-ray)
What are the 4 types of chemical reactions
Synthesis reaction
Decomposition reaction
Exchange reaction
Reversible reaction
Synthesis reaction characteristics
Always involves formation of new chemical bonds
Requires energy
Is important for growth and repair of tissue
A+B = AB
Decomposition characteristics
Example would be decomposition reactions in the digestive tract break molecules into smaller fragments before absorption
AB = A + B
Exchange reaction characteristics
AB + CD = AD + CB
Reversible reaction characteristic
A + B = AB, then AB = A + B
What is the importance of enzymes
They make chemical reactions possible.
What are the two classes of nucleic acids
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
What are the three types of RNA?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
