Chapter 2 Flashcards
Typical cost overruns on Government contracts in the early years of project management reached: 20% 50% 100% 300%
300%
Which of the following techniques led to the acceptance of project management principles?
Over-the-fence management
Total quality management
Six Sigma
The need for better management of smaller projects
Over-the-fence management
The growth of project management came about more so from desire rather than necessity.
True
False
False
Industries that have \_\_\_\_\_ tasks and operate in a \_\_\_\_\_ environment demonstrated the greatest need for project management. Simple; Dynamic Simple; Static Complex; Dynamic Complex; Static
Complex; Dynamic
During the 1970s and 1980s, formal project management practices were put in place because the constraints were \_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_ boundaries had to be crossed Loose; several Loose; few Tight; several Tight; few
Tight; several
Project management restructuring allowed companies to manage projects that _____.
Could not be handled by the traditional organization
Had undefined objectives
Did not require effective cost control
Require little functional integration
Could not be handled by the traditional organization
Which of the following is not necessarily an obstacle to effective project management? Changes in technology Changes in project sponsorship Increased project complexity Unstable economy
Changes in project sponsorship
Uncontrolled obstacles can result in: Increased profits Reduction in manpower An inability to cope with changes in technology Easier establishment of objectives
An inability to cope with changes in technology
Effective project management pushes decision-making down in the organization
True
False
True
According to the text, which of the following is not a life cycle phase for project management maturity? Embryonic Phase Planning Phase Growth Phase Maturity Phase
Planning Phase
Most people seem to believe that the most common driving force for maturity in project management is: Survival Executive understanding New Product development Customer expectations
Survival
If a company advertises on television that they consider themselves as a solution provider to satisfy your business needs, then their driving force was most likely: Competitiveness Customer expectations Efficiency and effectiveness Executive understanding
Customer expectations
Which of the following is not a present view of project management?
Accomplishing more work in less time and with fewer people
A reduction in power and authority struggles
Improvements in quality
Providing good products rather than business solutions
Providing good products rather than business solutions
Which of the following industry types has the greatest need for project management? Project-driven Hybrids Non-project-driven Pure functional-type
Project-driven
The major difference between projects and programs is usually: Cost Time Technology requirements Quality requirements
Time
Which category of projects would be most suited for a small project that stays in one functional unit and is headed up by the functional manager? Individual Staff Special Matrixed
Individual
Which category of projects would involve a large number of functional units where the workers may be assigned either part-time or full-time? Individual Staff Special Matrixed
Matrixed
Companies can become reasonably mature in project management by designing the right support systems. In general, how much time usually elapses after maturity before a company becomes excellent in project management execution? 1 year 2 years 5 years 10 years
5 years
The primary difference between formal versus informal execution of a project is the: Time constraint Budgetary considerations Need for a breakthrough in technology Amount of paperwork
Amount of paperwork
For informal project management to be effective, which of the following must exist among the project team? Effective communications Cooperation Trust All of the above
All of the above
All of the stakeholders involved in a project either directly or indirectly may have a different definition of project success.
True
False
True
Which of the following is not a major benefit of using life cycle phases?
Providing structure to project management
Easier task of selecting the project manager
Standardizing planning, scheduling and control
Structured decision-making
Easier task of selecting the project manager
The most difficult decision for a sponsor at the gate review meetings is to:
Allow the project to continue without an increase in the budget
Allow the project to continue with a budget increase
Approval of scope changes
Cancel the project
Cancel the project
Which of the following is generally not one of the five processes integrated into an enterprise project management methodology? Manpower staffing Total quality management Scope change management Risk management
Manpower staffing
Historically, which functional organization provided the greatest resistance to project management implementation? Sales Procurement Information Systems/ Technology Engineering
Sales
