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Anatomy & Phys > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is respiration?

A

The exchange of gas between and organism and its environment

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2
Q

Inspiration

A

Taking in O2

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3
Q

Expiration

A

Letting out CO2

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4
Q

Where does gas exchange happen?

A

Alveoli of the lungs

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5
Q

Boyle’s law

A

P=F/A - as the volume increases the air pressure decreases

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6
Q

Boyles law is an inverse relationship T or F?

A

True

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7
Q

What part of the spine is the most important for speech and hearing?

A

Cervical Spine

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8
Q

How many vertebrae are on the cervical spine?

A

7

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9
Q

How many vertebrae are on the thoracic spine?

A

12

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10
Q

How many vertebrae are on the lumbar spine?

A

5

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11
Q

How many vertebrae are on the sacrum

A

5 fused

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12
Q

How many vertebrae are on the coccyx?

A

4 fused

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13
Q

What bone is the rib cage hanging off of?

A

Sternum

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14
Q

What are the 2 main divisions of the respiratory system?

A

Upper respiratory tract & lower respiratory tract

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15
Q

What is apart of the upper respiratory tract?

A

Nose, nasal cavities, sinuses, pharynx, larynx (above the vocal folds)

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16
Q

What is apart of the lower respiratory tract?

A

Larynx (below vocal folds), trachea bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

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17
Q

Is pneumonia an upper or lower respiratory tract infection?

A

Lower

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18
Q

What is the most important muscle for inspiration and expiration? Aka the main muscle of respiration

A

Diaphragm

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19
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscle shaped like a parachute tucked under the rids

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20
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A
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21
Q

Scalenes

A
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22
Q

External intercostals

A
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23
Q

Quiet breathing

A
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24
Q

Active breathing

A
25
Q

Muscles of inspiration

A
26
Q

Muscles of expiration

A
27
Q

What is the respiratory rate for an average adult?

A

12-18 breaths per min

28
Q

Quadrants of the right lung

A

Superior, middle, inferior

29
Q

Quadrants of the left lung

A

Superior, inferior

30
Q

Inspiration& diaphragm

A

Diaphragm contracts (goes down)

31
Q

Expiration & diaphragm

A

Diaphragm relaxes (goes up)

32
Q

Pleural lining

A

The thin lining surrounding the lungs that is meant for protection and connection

33
Q

Thorax

A

Area of the body between the neck and abdomen

34
Q

What muscle is the diaphragm made of?

A

Internal skeletal muscle

35
Q

Where is the diaphragm and what does it separate?

A

It extends across the bottom of the thoracic cavity. It separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

36
Q

How many holes are in the diaphragm?

A

3

37
Q

What are the names of the holes in the diaphragm?

A

Vena cava, esophagus, aorta

38
Q

What do the abdominal and back muscles aid us in?

A

Breathing under high demand

39
Q

Asthma

A

A chronic condition characterized by the construction of bronchioles often in reaction to a trigger

40
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the lining of the bronchioles

41
Q

Emphysema

A

Deterioration of the alveoli, causing lungs to lose their elasticity

42
Q

Pneumonia

A

Condition in which the alveoli become filled with fluid, preventing the exchange of gases

43
Q

Lung cancer

A

irregular and uncontrolled growth of tumors in the lung tissue

44
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

A genetic defect that causes excessive mucus production that clogs the airways

45
Q

TB

A

A bacterial infection of the lung

46
Q

Black lung

A

Man-made occupational lung diseases that are contracted by prolonged breathing of coal mine dust

47
Q

COPD

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease- a group of diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing related problems (emphysema and chronic bronchitis)

48
Q

BPD

A

Bronco-pulmonary Dysplasia- chronic lung disease in infants- common with premature newborns who need lung support (the branches of the lungs are putting strain on the heart)

49
Q

Laryngitis

A

Small fibers and particles deposited into the nose, pharynx, and larynx absorbed by the upper respiratory tract resulting in swelling (edema) of the voice box

50
Q

Interstitial Disease

A

Small fibers and particles deposited into the terminal bronchioles (in the lungs)

51
Q

Respiratory therapist

A

Provides inhalation treatments, ventilation, oxygenation, all things lung health

52
Q

How do the respiratory therapist and SLP work together?

A

Together they facilitate adequate ventilation or oxygenation and establish a route for verbal communication (we need the respiratory system to be okay before we can work on it as an SLP)

53
Q

Successful collaboration on breathing and swallowing

A

SLP’s and respiratory therapists work together to help patients with conditions such as pneumonia and tracheostomies because if our lungs are no okay they will forget about eating and speaking

54
Q

What experience does the RT have and what does the SLP have?

A

RT: cardiopulmonary & SLP: neurological

55
Q

What produces speech?

A

The lungs expelling air (air flow)

56
Q

What determines the power of the vocal sounds?

A

The contractions of the diaphragm

57
Q

Conditions with poor breath support to sustain speech

A

Hypotonic Cerebral palsy, ALS, Dysarthria

58
Q

What do adults with COPD, asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema often develop?

A

Speech and swallowing disorders

Anatomy & Phys (11 decks)

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