Chapter 2 Flashcards
Blood vessels
The brain requires continuous and adequate blood supply, given its high demand for ________ and ________.
oxygen and glucose
The brain is very vulnerable to…
Blood flow disruptions
What are the two main arterial blood supply sources of the brain?
1.) carotid system (anterior)
2.) vertebral system (posterior)
The common carotid arteries ascend __________ through the lateral region of the neck.
symmetrically
The carotid artery divides into __________ & _______________ at the sixth cervical vertebra.
external carotid artery & internal carotid artery
The _________branch of the carotid artery ascends medially, while the ___________ branch ascends laterally.
Internal
External
The ___________ supplies blood laterally to the face and neck
external carotid artery
The ____________ enters the skull through the carotid canal takes an ____ shape through the cavernous sinus.
internal carotid artery
“S”
The internal carotid is divided into two terminal branches:
1.) anterior cerebral (ACA)
2.) middle cerebral arteries (MCA)
Which two arteries supply blood to 2/3 of the brain?
1.) anterior cerebral (ACA)
2.) middle cerebral arteries (MCA)
The _____________ supplies the frontal portion of the ipsilateral hemisphere
anterior cerebral artery
The _______________ courses up the lateral surface of the brain and supplies the temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes of the ipsilateral hemisphere.
middle cerebral artery (MCA)
The middle cerebral artery (MCA) branches to the ____________________, which provides a connection with the vertebral artery system.
posterior communicating artery (PCA)
The left and right anterior cerebral arteries join in the midline and form the _____________.
anterior communicating artery
The _________ ascends up the neck posteriorly by passing through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae.
vertebral artery
What ascends into the cranial cavity through the foramen magnum along with the spinal cord?
vertebral artery
Vertebral arteries from both sides are joined at the ___________ that ascends the anterior surface of the brainstem.
basilar artery (BA)
Branches of the basilar artery supply right and left regions of the ________________, ____________, __________, and _______________.
cerebellum, medulla, pons, and spinal cord
The ________________ is a continuous circle of arterial connections on the base of the midbrain.
cerebral arterial circle
The cerebral arterial circle is supplied by what three things?
1.) anterior (ACA)
2.) middle cerebral arteries (MCA)
3.) posterior cerebral arteries (PCA)
The __________ terminates as right and left posterior cerebral arteries (PCA).
basilar artery
What is extremely important as it is the point of connection between the carotid and vertebral arterial systems?
The cerebral arterial circle
Why is the cerebral arterial circle so cool?
If any one vessel becomes compromised, then the other vessels can maintain blood flow to the brain
