Cerebellum Flashcards
The main function of the cerebellum is the coordination of skeletal muscle action in concert with the ____________________ and __________________.
cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia
What provides error correction for on going motor activity?
the cerebellum
The cerebellum helps to maintain what three things?
1.) posture
2.) balance
3.) muscle tone
The cerebellum is also involved in ___________________________ activities such as riding a bike and playing an instrument.
motor memory
The cerebellum is ANATOMICALLY organized into 3 lobes:
- Anterior
- Posterior
- Flocculonodular
The cerebellum is FUNCTIONALLY organized into 3 regions:
1.) Midline structure (the vermis)
2.) Intermediate portion
3.) Lateral portion
Which lobe receives selective inputs from spinal cord and brainstem?
anterior
Which lobe receives inputs from cerebral cortex for regulation of balance, coordinated movements, and muscle tone?
posterior
Which lobe receives inputs from vestibular structures to regulate balance?
Flocculonodular
The anterior lobe receives selective inputs from the _____________ and ____________.
spinal cord and brainstem
The posterior lobe receives inputs from the __________________ for regulation of ________________, _____________________________, and ____________ ________.
cerebral cortex
balance, coordinated movements, and muscle tone
The flocculonodular lobe receives inputs from the ______________________ structures to regulate _______________ .
vestibular
balance
The vermis controls the _____________________ and the ______________________ of the extremities.
trunk musculature and the proximal muscles of the extremities
The intermediate portion of the cerebellum controls the ____________ muscles of the extremities.
distal
The lateral portion is responsible for _________________________ of the extremities.
motor planning
The cerebellum is connected to other brain areas by how many cerebellar peduncles?
3
Name the cerebellar peduncles:
- Superior
- Middle
- Inferior
Which peduncle involves major efferent pathway targeting the midbrain and thalamus?
Superior
Which peduncle connects with the pons via afferent fibers?
Middle
Which peduncle connects the cerebellum with the medulla. Contains afferent and efferent fibers from the spinal cord and brainstem?
Inferior
The superior peduncle sends signals to the ______________.
thalamus (motor) and red nucleus
The middle peduncle gets signals sent from the _______ ?
pons (sensory)
The inferior peduncle sends and gets signals to the ______________ and __________. It also connects the cerebellum with the ______________.
Brainstem and Spinal cord
Medulla
What are the four deep cerebellar nuclei called?
- Dentate
- Emboliform (Interposed nucleus)
- Globose (Interposed nucleus)
- Fastigial
The deep cerebellar nuclei _______________________________________ from the cerebellum prior to
relaying it to different brain regions.
consolidate information
What part of the cerebellum is the fastigial nucleus involved with?
Vermis
What part of the cerebellum is the interposed nucleus involved with?
Intermediate
What part of the cerebellum is the dentate nucleus involved with?
Lateral
What rare the inputs of cerebellar connectivity? (2)
- Pontine fibers through middle peduncle
- Medullary and spinal fibers through the inferior peduncle
What are the outputs of cerebellar connectivity through the superior cerebellar peduncle?
- Dentate nucleus –> thalamus
- Interposed nucleus –> red nucleus
- Fastigial –> vestibular nuclei
What is the pathway of the cerebrocerebellar input for motor fine tuning? (6 steps)
1.) Motor cortex –>
2. pons –>
3. contralateral cerebellum –>
4. dentate nucleus –>
5. thalamus –>
6. motor cortex
What is the pathway of the vestibulocerebellar tract for balance control? (“4.5” steps)
- Vestibular nuclei –>
- cerebellum –>
- fastigial nucleus –>
- vestibular nuclei |OR| thalamus –> motor cortex
