Cerebellum

Question 1

The main function of the cerebellum is the coordination of skeletal muscle action in concert with the ____________________ and __________________.

Answer 1

cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia

Question 2

What provides error correction for on going motor activity?

Answer 2

the cerebellum

Question 3

The cerebellum helps to maintain what three things?

Answer 3

1.) posture
2.) balance
3.) muscle tone

Question 4

The cerebellum is also involved in ___________________________ activities such as riding a bike and playing an instrument.

Answer 4

motor memory

Question 5

The cerebellum is ANATOMICALLY organized into 3 lobes:

Answer 5

1. Anterior
2. Posterior
3. Flocculonodular

Question 6

The cerebellum is FUNCTIONALLY organized into 3 regions:

Answer 6

1.) Midline structure (the vermis)
2.) Intermediate portion
3.) Lateral portion

Question 7

Which lobe receives selective inputs from spinal cord and brainstem?

Answer 7

anterior

Question 8

Which lobe receives inputs from cerebral cortex for regulation of balance, coordinated movements, and muscle tone?

Answer 8

posterior

Question 9

Which lobe receives inputs from vestibular structures to regulate balance?

Answer 9

Flocculonodular

Question 10

The anterior lobe receives selective inputs from the _____________ and ____________.

Answer 10

spinal cord and brainstem

Question 11

The posterior lobe receives inputs from the __________________ for regulation of ________________, _____________________________, and ____________ ________.

Answer 11

cerebral cortex

balance, coordinated movements, and muscle tone

Question 12

The flocculonodular lobe receives inputs from the ______________________ structures to regulate _______________ .

Answer 12

vestibular
balance

Question 13

The vermis controls the _____________________ and the ______________________ of the extremities.

Answer 13

trunk musculature and the proximal muscles of the extremities

Question 14

The intermediate portion of the cerebellum controls the ____________ muscles of the extremities.

Answer 14

distal

Question 15

The lateral portion is responsible for _________________________ of the extremities.

Answer 15

motor planning

Question 16

The cerebellum is connected to other brain areas by how many cerebellar peduncles?

Answer 16

3

Question 17

Name the cerebellar peduncles:

Answer 17

1. Superior
2. Middle
3. Inferior

Question 18

Which peduncle involves major efferent pathway targeting the midbrain and thalamus?

Answer 18

Superior

Question 19

Which peduncle connects with the pons via afferent fibers?

Answer 19

Middle

Question 20

Which peduncle connects the cerebellum with the medulla. Contains afferent and efferent fibers from the spinal cord and brainstem?

Answer 20

Inferior

Question 21

The superior peduncle sends signals to the ______________.

Answer 21

thalamus (motor) and red nucleus

Question 22

The middle peduncle gets signals sent from the _______ ?

Answer 22

pons (sensory)

Question 23

The inferior peduncle sends and gets signals to the ______________ and __________. It also connects the cerebellum with the ______________.

Answer 23

Brainstem and Spinal cord
Medulla

Question 24

What are the four deep cerebellar nuclei called?

Answer 24

1. Dentate
2. Emboliform (Interposed nucleus)
3. Globose (Interposed nucleus)
4. Fastigial

Question 25

The deep cerebellar nuclei _______________________________________ from the cerebellum prior to relaying it to different brain regions.

Answer 25

consolidate information

Question 25

What part of the cerebellum is the fastigial nucleus involved with?

Answer 25

Vermis

Question 26

What part of the cerebellum is the interposed nucleus involved with?

Answer 26

Intermediate

Question 27

What part of the cerebellum is the dentate nucleus involved with?

Answer 27

Lateral

Question 28

What rare the inputs of cerebellar connectivity? (2)

Answer 28

1. Pontine fibers through middle peduncle 2. Medullary and spinal fibers through the inferior peduncle

Question 29

What are the outputs of cerebellar connectivity through the superior cerebellar peduncle?

Answer 29

1. Dentate nucleus --> thalamus 2. Interposed nucleus --> red nucleus 3. Fastigial --> vestibular nuclei

Question 30

What is the pathway of the cerebrocerebellar input for motor fine tuning? (6 steps)

Answer 30

1.) Motor cortex --> 2. pons --> 3. contralateral cerebellum --> 4. dentate nucleus --> 5. thalamus --> 6. motor cortex

Question 31

What is the pathway of the vestibulocerebellar tract for balance control? ("4.5" steps)

Answer 31

1. Vestibular nuclei --> 2. cerebellum --> 3. fastigial nucleus --> 4. vestibular nuclei |OR| thalamus --> motor cortex